Chapter Four Notes Questions Flashcards
the Middle Ages took place between the end of _______ and beginning of the __________
classical age
modern world
In 481 AD _______ becomes ruler of one of the Frankish tribes
Clovis
dynasty established by Clovis
Merovingians
Because of Clovis’s conversion to Christianity, he receives the support of ________.
the Christian Church
originally the “mayor of the palace” was
chief of the royal palace
ultimately the mayor of the palace was
the real ruler of each kingdom
What was Charles Martel known as?
Charles the Hammer
In 732 AD the ________ was a war between ________ and _______ and was won by the _______.
Battle of Tours; Christians; Muslims; Christians
Pepin the Short was the son of _______
Charles Martel
the dynasty of Pepin the Short
Carolingians
Donation of Pepin
territory Pepin won and the gave as a gift of land to the pope
Charlemagne was the son of _______
Pepin the Short
Charlemagne was known as
Charles the Great
Charlemagne was the greatest of all
Frankish kings
New Rome
Charlemagne’s new empire that he wished to build in what is now France and Germany
Spanish March
a small strip of land won by Charlemagne from the Moors by driving the Muslims out
buffer zone
a buffer between Christians and Muslim Europe
the Spanish March was this
Charlemagne was crowned what by the pope?
Emperor of the Romans
Missi Dominici
means the Lord’s messengers
appointed officials who helped Charlemagne run his empire
Louis the Pious was
Charlemagne’s only surviving son
The Treaty of Verdun in 843 did what?
It divided Charlemagne’s empire between his three grandsons
Vikings
known as Norsemen or Northmen
were the most feared people
Vikings come from
Scandinavia
Norway, Sweden, and Denmark
Feudalism was a system of
- local governing 2. granting and receiving land 3. and obligations
an unwritten contract between nobles providing for land and certain obligations
Feudal contract
fief
these were the feudal estates
obligations of a lord to a vassal
- provided the land 2. provided for a court of justice
obligations of a vassal to a lord
must give 1. your loyalty 2. military service (3. maintain land)
lord
nobility who granted the fief
vassals
a lesser lord who received the fief
serfs
peasants who were tied to the land; did hard labor; peasantry
What did the church acquire large amounts of in the feudal system?
tremendous amounts of property
Three causes of war
- boundary disputes 2. inheritance disputes 3. family feuds
“Peace of God”
the church instituted periods of peace where there would be no fighting (breaks in fighting that the church enforced)
Forbidden to attack
people called noncombatants
could not attack old people, children, women, clergy, and townspeople
an economic system revolving around self-sufficient estates
manorialism