Reproduction Final Flashcards
Name the 2 risk factors for cancer among the benign lesions of the Breast.
Atypical Epithelial Hyperplasia
Multiple Intraductal Papillomas
(underneath nipple in dilated lactiferous sinuses)
Who is more likely to get a Fibrocystic Change in the breast?
Older women
The pathogenesis of Fibrocystic Change in the breast is related to what?
Sex Hormones
*why improvement after menopause
Are Fibrocystic Changes to the breast generally bilateral or unilateral?
Bilateral
*symmetrical, usually affecting both breasts
Fibrocystic Changes of the breast are seen between what ages?
Onset of puberty to menopause
*Sex hormone related
How does the progesterone/estrogen imbalances that cause the pathogenesis in Fibrocystic breast changes affect the tissue?
What 3 areas are affected?
Stimulates proliferation of cells
Excretory ducts, Lobules, and Intralobular stroma
What is the only risk factor that occurs in Fibrocystic breast change that leads to cancer?
Atypical Epithelial Hyperplasia
*more atypical, greater risk
**Atypical = multilayered
T/F
The most constant feature of fibrocystic change in the breast is Fibrosis
True
T/F
10-15% women between 20-50 have fibrocystic change
True
What are the presenting clinical features of Fibrocystic changes to the breast?
(5 things)
Blue-Domed Cysts
Both breasts
Pain, nodularity, palpation sensitivity
Easily palpated
Calcification (difficult to distinguish from cancer)
What is the most common presenting feature of Intraductal Papillomas?
Bloody/Serous nipple discharge
*secondarily sub-areolar mass
Non-pregnant woman with Bloody or Serous discharge from the nipple…
Intraductal Papilloma
Multiple papillomas are associated with an increased risk of ________. ______ are benign.
Papillary carcinomas
Solitary
What is the most common benign tumor of the breast?
Fibroadenoma
A fibroadenoma is made up of what two components?
Fibrous stroma
Glandular epithelium
T/F
Fibroadenomas are well-encapsulated, spherical, and freely moveable (which distinguishes them from cancers).
True
Fibroadenoma is most often seen in what demographic?
Young women
Fibroadenoma is most often in what location?
this is also the most common location for breast cancer
Upper Outer quadrant
Fibrosis and Blue-Domed cysts are seen in _______, NOT ______.
Fibrocystic disease
Fibroadenoma
What is the most common etiology behind fat necrosis of the Breast?
Trauma
What is the term for male breast cancer?
Gynecomastia
Gynecomastia is a ductile cancer because what is absent?
Lobules
What is Gynecomastia associated with?
2 things
Hormonal changes/puberty
Excess Estrogen (tumors/cirrhosis)
How does Gynecomastia present?
Fibrous cap under areola