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Fixed Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Mutually Protected Occlusion?

A

Posteriors protect anteriors and vice versa

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2
Q

How do posterior teeth protect anterior teeth from a design perspective?

(3 things)

A

Posteriors have more roots

Occlusal table is larger

Orientation of the teeth is oriented along the vertical axis

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3
Q

How do anterior teeth protect posterior teeth?

A

Disengage posterior teeth in mandibular excursive movements (canine guidance) - LONGEST ROOT

Moves fulcrum forward (less force)

Muscles

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4
Q

Why is it important to disengage the posterior teeth in excursive movements?

A

Prevent cusp breaks

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5
Q

The disengagement of posterior teeth in mandibular excursive movements is done by…

A

Canine guidance

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6
Q

When multiple posterior teeth are touching, this is called…

A

Group function

maximum intercuspation

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7
Q

How are anterior teeth designed to protect posterior teeth?

A

Canine has LONGEST ROOT and therefore takes lateral forced better

Fulcrum

Muscles - reduction of elevator mm. activity

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8
Q

How does moving the contact point anteriorly effect the force applied to the tooth?

A

Further away from fulcrum, the less force applied

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9
Q

When occlusal forces are moved forward to the anterior teeth, what feedback shuts off elevator muscles to decrease force?

A

Proprioceptive from the PDL

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10
Q

What discludes the posterior teeth in laterotrusive movements?

What discludes the posterior teeth in protrusive movements?

A

Canines

Incisors

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11
Q

Occlusal trauma is defined as exceeding the adaptive and reparative capacity of the _______

A

peridontium

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12
Q

Abnormal/Excessive occlusal forced acting on the teeth with Normal periodontal support

A

Primary Occlusal Trauma

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13
Q

Primary occlusal trauma can be from a barfight or ….

A

Iatrogenic

*filling too high

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14
Q

Normal occlusal force with decreased periodontal support is _____ Occlusal Trauma

A

Secondary

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15
Q

What are the 4 signs/symptoms of occlusal trauma?

A

Pulpitis

Mobility

Fremitus

Widened PDL

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16
Q

What is the difference between Mobility and Fremitus?

A

Fremitus is vibration in occlusion (more vibration than adjacent tooth)

*Fremitus can lead to mobility

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17
Q

Average width PDL:

A

0.17 mm

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18
Q

Class I tooth mobility:

Class II tooth mobility:

Class III tooth mobility

A

0.2 to 1 mm

greater than 1 mm

greater than 1 mm + axial displacement

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19
Q

How would you treat Primary occlusal trauma?

A

Reduce forces

*back to MPO

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20
Q

How would you treat Secondary occlusal trauma?

A

Splint teeth (sharing forces)

*cross-arch stabilization

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21
Q

If all posterior teeth are removed you are likely to see….

A

Primary Occlusal Trauma

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22
Q

The mesial buccal cusp of a Mandibular tooth occludes with the ______ of the corresponding maxillary tooth.

A

MMR - mesial marginal ridge

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23
Q

The distal buccal cusp of the Mandibular tooth occludes with _______ of the corresponding maxillary tooth

A

Central Groove

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24
Q

Where do the maxillary functional cusps occlude?

A

Buccal of lower

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25
T/F | Cusp to marginal ridge can either be to one or two marginal ridges
True
26
What is the most natural type of occlusion found in 95% of adults?
Cusp to marginal ridge
27
What is the advantage to Cusp to Fossa?
forces near center of tooth and very little lateral forces
28
What are the disadvantages to Cusp to Fossa?
Rarely found naturally
29
What are the disadvantages to Cusp to Marginal Ridge?
Food impaction
30
When would you restore teeth to Cusp to Fossa relationship? Cusp to Marginal Ridge?
Full mouth reconstruction Daily
31
``` T/F In class we had a minimum of 3 bilateral posterior and three anterior contacts (canines plus 1 incisor) ```
True
32
T/F | Always deepen fossa, not functional cusps
True
33
T/F | Maintain triangular/marginal ridges by adjusting mesial/distal slopes as well as ridge
True
34
Why would we adjust the Lingual of the Maxillary anteriors before the incisal edge of the Mandibular anteriors?
Phonetics
35
BULL rule:
Buccal of Upper Lingual of Lower *adjust these
36
When does a tooth need a crown (3 reasons)
Tooth structure (loss compromises integrity) Esthetics Change contours (Survey Crown- supports a removable partial denture)
37
What causes the loss of tooth structure? | 5 things
Caries Attrition (bruxism) - grinding by friction Abrasion (toothbrush) - mechanical process Abfraction (load, flex, cervical area) Erosion - chemical (acids) intrinsic/extrinsic
38
Critical pH
5.5
39
Composition of Enamel in dentin
70%
40
An MOD loses ___% of structural integrity
70%
41
MOD then endo is stronger
True
42
Erosion often concentrates where (intrinsic)
Lingual Max anteriors
43
What type of crown supports a removable partial denture?
Survey Crown
44
What are the 6 steps to crown making a crown?
Preparation - Grind tooth circumferentially (crown prep) Impression - mold (make) Mount - turn impression into stone CAST, put on articulator Wax up Investment Casting - burn off wax and fill space with metal ***porcelain cast for last step
45
VDR: VDO:
Vertical Dimension of Rest Vertical Dimension of Occlusion
46
When adjusting the anteriors you'd rather adjust the linguals of the maxillaries than the incisal of the mandibular for what 2 reasons?
Closest speaking space Esthetics
47
Difference between VDR and VDO =
2-3mm
48
For the typodont adjustment there was a minimum of 3 bilateral posterior contacts _____ molar, _____ premolar
2 molars 1 premolar
49
For the typodont adjustment there was a minimum of 3 anterior contacts - what were they?
Canines and 1 incisor
50
The BULL rule is used in adjusting Laterotrusive movements, what is used when adjusting protrusive movements?
MUDL Mesial of Upper, Distal of Lower *adjust these
51
What are the 3 primary functions of an impression tray?
Carry Confine Control
52
What is the most expensive item in making impression?
PVS - polyvinyl impression material
53
Boxing was is how wide?
2.5mm
54
Stop dimensions on a tray should be 2-3 mm towards the central groove on the buccal of # __ and #___
#2 #15
55
What are the 3 larger principles to keep in mind while making your preparation?
Biologic Esthetic Mechanical
56
A crown preparation must be much larger if the pt is young b/c the _________
pulp is larger
57
Pulpal insult depends on pt age, whether _____ is used, and type of crown.
water
58
What are 2 reasons a preparation for a porcelain fused to metal crown needs at least 1.5 mm?
Color Strength
59
There is always a bevel on the _______ cusp in a crown prep.
Functional
60
A chamfer forms a ______ angle A shoulder forms a _____ angle
obtuse right angle
61
The obtuse chamfer is made from _____ and measures ____ mm The right angle shoulder is made from _______ and measures ______ mm
metal, 0.5mm porcelain, 1.2mm
62
The chamfer is cut with the _____ bur and is _____ mm wide at the tip The shoulder is cut with the _____ bur and is _____ mm wide at the tip
856, 1.0mm KR6847, 1.2mm
63
Porcelain is strongest when it is under _______
compression *so portion should rest on flat surface
64
Retention form resists dislodgment in a _____ dimension
parallel
65
Resistance form resists dislodgment is in a ______ dimension
NOT parallel *any other axis
66
Occlusal convergence is related to Retention in a _______ manner
non linear *more angle, drops off drastically
67
Height of the prep is important for ________
Resistance
68
The higher the _______ ratio, the better Resistance form we have
Height to Base *the narrower and taller, the better the resistance form
69
Do incisors or molars have better Resistance form in a prep?
Incisors *better height to base ratio (won't know over easily)
70
T/F A groove in a crown prep effectively increases the height to base ratio (decreases base measurement)
True
71
If the path of placement (draw, path of withdraw) is askew enough it will create an _______
undercut
72
A negative imprint of an oral structure used to produce a positive
Impression
73
Materials: An impression must be sufficiently ________ viscous enough to be _______ able to set to a rubbery/rigid consistency in less than ____ minutes Also dimensionally stable (PVS is good, Alginate is ____) Biocompatible Cost effective
fluid contained in tray 7 bad
74
What material is used for making impressions?
Elastomeric
75
A material that can return to its original form when stressed:
Elastic
76
The opposite of elastic:
Plastic
77
Plaster, compound, WAXES, and zinc eugenol are....
non-elastic
78
What are the 2 types of Elastic materials?
Aqueous hydrocolloid Non-aqueous elastomers
79
What are 2 types of Aqueous Hydrocolloid materials?
Agar (reversible) Alginate (irreversible)
80
What are 3 types of Non-aqueous elastomers?
Polysulfide Polyester Polyvinyl siloxane (PVS)
81
What are the two types of reactions PVS (polyvinyl siloxane) can go through?
Condensation - EtOH byproduct Addition
82
When using PVS, what is the preferred type of reaction to use? Why?
Addition *no EtOH (no byproduct whatsoever)
83
Strain is the change in ______ Stress is the ____ applied
distance force **if elastic, will be linear
84
Working time is when the impression material can be fully ______ without distortion Setting time is when the material is firm enough to resist _______
seated permanent deformation
85
T/F | Working time is around 2.5 minutes, Setting time is around 7 minutes
True
86
T/F | The set time in the mouth for impression material is faster because it is warmer
True
87
The property of material that exhibits both viscous and elastic characteristics when undergoing deformation
Viscoelastic *there is a time dependent strain
88
PVS is a material that is both _____ and ______ This means there is a _____ dependent strain
viscous, elastic time
89
T/F | With PVS, the faster you remove the impression the less it distorts. You should remove it with a snapping motion
True
90
A time-dependent shear thinning property (aka, time-dependent viscosity): *PVS has some of this property - if stressed will flow at the beginning)
Thixotropic | this is the solid and liquid thing the kid was holding in his hand
91
What are the 2 reasons for retraction cord?
Hemostasis (fluid control) Create space for impression matl into sulcus
92
T/F | Retraction cord is typically soaked in a hemostatic agent
True
93
Two brand names for the vasoconstrictor soaked retraction cord are Hemodent and Viscostat Clear and contains 25% _______
Aluminum Chloride *a vasoconstrictor
94
Irreversible hydrocolloid
Alginate
95
Our provisional material is a _______ composite resin
Bis-Acryl
96
T/F Bis-Acryl material for our provisional is a low exothermic, low shrinkage, good esthetic, bad brittleness, less stain resistant, limited shades, and cost is bad
True
97
T/F | Smaller cord is 000 or 00 and larger is 0.
True
98
Retention, think... Resistance, thin...
parallel walls height to base ratio
99
Which will be the larger number, VDR or VDO
VDR - rest
100
T/F | In protrusion there are only 2 reasons anterior protect posterior b/c incisors don't have longest root like canines do
True
101
Why does the functional cusp need to be beveled?
Bigger bulk around absorbing load.
102
T/F | One disadvantage to a shoulder is making it smooth
True
103
T/F | Unused alginate should be stored in a ziplock so that it remains at 100% humidity
True
104
What is the custom tray material? What is the photoinitiator wavelength?
UDMA - Urethane dimethacrylate UV
105
What is the purpose of adding adhesive to the triple tray?
Prevents material distortion by separating from tray
106
856 bur has a ____ mm chamfer the KR bur is for the _____ 6 is rough and ____ is fine
1.0 mm shoulder 8
107
The triple tray captures the opposing arch, the prep, and jaw ______
relation
108
The triple tray captures the opposing arch, the prep, and jaw ______
relation
109
You need to ______ the mock tooth before making an impression.
Equilibrate

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