Histology - 514-2 Flashcards
T/F
The volume of cells exceeds the volume of extracellular matrix in connective tissues.
False.
The extracellular matrix is much greater.
Name four types of connective tissue
Ebryonic
Connective tissue proper
Specialized
Supporting
What is an example of embryonic connective tissue?
Mesenchymal
also mucous
Name four kinds of CT Proper.
Loose
Dense (regular and irregular)
Reticular
Elastic
What is an example of specialized CT?
Adipose tissue
also hematopietic
What are two types of supporting CT?
Cartilage (hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage)
Bone
What are all connective tissues derived from?
Mesenchyme
embryonic mesenchymal cells
Which connective tissue cell is most abundant?
Fibroblasts
Why fibroblasts, not fibrocytes?
Because they are so transformable.
From what cell is a macrophage derived?
Monocyte
type of WBC - leukocyte
Trace the cell differentiation that results in an osteoclast
(working backwards)
Osteoclast - macrophage - monocyte - hematopoietic stem cell - mesenchyme
T/F
Extracellular matrix is found in epithelia
False
What is ground substance
component of ECM / gel-like amorphous subst
What characterizes Reticular Fibers
Type III collagen Spongy tissue (bv walls)
What characterizes Elastic Fibers?
made from Elastin
can stretch 150% resting length
What is the most abundant type of collagen?
Type I
What type of collagen is a gel-like substance?
Type IV
What type of collagen is abundant in the placenta?
Type V
Which collagen forms anchoring loops in the basal lamina?
Type VII
What collagen is found in Descement’s membrane in the cornea?
Type VIII
What collagen type is found in mineralizing cartilage?
Type X
What cell produces collagen?
Fibroblasts
What are the steps of collagen production?
Preprocollagen - pro collagen - tropocollagen - collagen fibrils
What step is Vitamin C dependent?
Preprocollagen - procollagen
enzymes depend on C to put into triple helix
Does tropocollagen have end strands?
No - end strands are removed at this stage
What can bind ECM ground substance to integrin proteins?
Glycoprotein
What does “areolar” mean?
loose
What are the four kinds of connective tissue proper?
Loose
Dense (regular and irregular)
Reticular
Elastic
How do Mast Cells “dilute” an area of infection?
Release histamine (vasodilator)
Where are type III collagen fibers found?
Reticular CT
T/F
Elastic fibers are branched
False
What’s going on with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome that allows for unusually elastic skin?
Defective Collagen synthesis.
What kind of adipose tissue is multilocular?
Brown
What can be considered intracellular CT?
Adipose tissue
What kind of fat gets its name from an organelle?
Brown - because it is loaded with mitochondria.
Name 3 kinds of cartilage and 2 kinds of bone
Hyaline, Elastic, Fibro-
Compact and Spongy
What membrane surrounds cartilage?
Perichondrium
What are chondroblasts surrounded by matrix?
Chondrocytes
All cartilage contains what type of collagen?
Type II
What type of cartilage is the template for endochondral bone formation?
Hyaline
What additional ingredient does elastic cartilage contain?
Elastic fibers (found in external ear / epiglottis)
T/F
Elastic Cartilage has no perichondrium.
False
What type of cartilage is found in the TMJ?
Fibrocartilage
Resists compressing and absorbs shock
What type of collagen is found in the TMJ
Type I and II
Type II only in hyaline/elastic
What’s another name for spongy bone?
Trabecular
