Dental Anatomy III - Test I Flashcards
1
Q
What crown remains static throughout a lifetime?
What changes?
In what direction?
A
Anatomic
Clinical
Apically
2
Q
What are the 2 types of triangular ridges emanating off of cusps?
A
Facial
(not lingual)
Lingual
(not facial)
3
Q
Where do lingual ridges extend to/from on Canines?
A
Cusp tip to Cingulum
4
Q
What process occurs in the tooth follicle?
What does the follicle contain?
A
Center of Calcification
Odontogenic Organ
5
Q
What develops from “lobes”?
A
Positive Anatomy
*cusp tips/Incisal edges
6
Q
What forms Negative Anatomy?
A
Merging centers of calcification
7
Q
What develops last in the tooth?
A
Roots
*ending with Apex
8
Q
In what direction does Calcification occur?
A
From Incisal edges/cusps to apex
*Apical 1/3 of root calcifies last
9
Q
What are the 3 Primary teeth to first complete Root Formation?
At what age?
A
Maxillary Central Incisor
Mandibular Central/Lateral Incisors
1.5 years
10
Q
What 2 Primary teeth calcify last?
What age?
A
Canines
3.25 years
11
Q
What age is typical for all teeth to have emerged except the Primary 2nd Molars?
At this stage, what is happening to the Permanent teeth?
A
20 Months
Calcification begins
12
Q
When does Calcification of Primary dentition begin?
A
13-16 weeks In Utero
13
Q
When have all Primary teeth initiated calcification?
A
18-20 weeks in utero
14
Q
T/F
Maxillary teeth usually erupt before their Mandibular counterparts
(Primary Teeth)
A
False
15
Q
T/F
Males usually erupt Primary dentition before females
A
False
16
Q
T/F
Initial Mineralization of Primary Dentition is entirely prenatal
A
True
17
Q
What is the last primary tooth to emerge?
When?
A
2nd Molar
29 Months
18
Q
At 3.25 years, what is usually complete?
A
Root formation
*39 months
19
Q
When does the Primate Space begin to form?
A
4 years
20
Q
When is Primary tooth occlusion evident?
A
3 years
21
Q
List the permanent teeth that are succedaneous to the primary teeth.
A
C. and L. incisors
Canines
1st and 2nd Premolars
*premolars replace molars
22
Q
What 2 teeth emerge around 11 years?
In what order?
A
Mandibular 2nd Premolar
Maxillary Canine
23
Q
In a Haplodont, what cusp is Maxillary?
Mandibular?
A
Protocone
Protoconid
24
Q
In the Triconodont and Tritubercular, what cusps are Maxillary?
Mandibular?
A
Paracone, Protocone, Metacone
Paraconid, Protoconid, Metaconid
- these are listed mesial to distal
- *Protoconid always middle
25
```
Match the following terms in Humanoid Mandibular Molars:
Mesiofacial cusp
Distofacial cusp
Distal cusp (accessory cusp)
Distolingual cusp
Mesiolingual cusp
```
```
Protoconid
Hypoconid
Hypoconulid
Entoconid
Metaconid
```
26
What are the Proximal reference angles for the following Maxillary teeth:
Central Incisor
First Premolar
Second Premolar
28 degrees
5 degrees
6 degrees
27
What are the facial reference angels for the following Maxillary teeth:
Central Incisor
Canine
2 degrees
17 degrees
28
From the vertical axis, the least deviation is seen in which teeth?
(2 teeth, 2 views)
Maxillary C.I.
(2 degrees, facial view)
1st Premolar
(5 degrees, proximal view)
29
Why is the ideal plane of occlusion not flat?
Too many contacts in posterior teeth
30
What does a proper plane of occlusion allow for?
Functional contacts
31
What does a curved plane of occlusion allow for?
Maximum use tooth contacts during function
32
What shape does the Proximal Contact Area have in Anterior incisal Teeth?
Incisogingival ovoid
*contact creates embrasures
33
What Proximal Contact area of the Mandibular Anterior Teeth is not in the Incisal Third?
Distal of Canine
*Middle third
34
What type of Proximal Contact point is absent in the Mandibular Anterior Teeth?
Junctional
*Incisal or Middle 1/3 (for distal canine)
35
In what direction does the Proximal Cervical Line bend in the Mandibular Arch?
Where/Measurement in largest bend?
Coronal
C.I. 3.0 mm mesial and 2.0 mm distal
36
What Periodontal fibers resist impaction of tooth into alveolus?
Oblique
37
What Periodontal fibers help maintain proximal contacts?
Transseptal
38
Name 8 types of Periodontal Fibers
```
Gingival
Alveolar crest
Circumferential
Transseptal
Horizontal
Oblique
Apical
Interradicular
```
39
Both permanent and primary teeth taper faciolingually. What is the consistent exception?
What are the 2 occasional exception?
Permanent Maxillary 1st Molar
Mandibular 2nd Premolar (Y type)
Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar
40
What 2 types of line angles are usually more developed?
Facial
| Mesial
41
4 points of comparison for Primary vs. Permanent molar
Smaller size
Prominent Cervical Ridges
Slender Roots
Widely separated Roots
42
How does the Cervical 1/3 compare in Permanent vs Primary molar?
Flatter contour
43
```
Primary Maxillary Lateral Incisor - Incisal view
Crown tapers...
Incisal ridge curves toward...
Slight concavity...
Lingual fossa...
```
Lingually
Facial
Distolingual Profile***
Modestly deep
44
What is the crown shape of the Facial View of the Primary Maxillary Canine?
Diamond
45
Where is the cusp positioned in the Primary Maxillary Canine?
Makes what Cuspal Ridge longer?
Slightly distal
Mesial cuspal ridge
46
How is the Facial Ridge positioned in the Primary Maxillary Canine?
Slightly on Distal half
47
The root length is ____ the crown length in the Primary Maxillary Canine
The root is curved...
2x
distally
48
What cusp is not visible in the Mesial view of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar?
How many other cusps are there?
Distolingual
4
49
Which mesial cusp of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar is larger?
More pointed?
Mesiolingual
Mesiofacial
50
What separates the lingual and facial in the Mesial view of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar?
Mesial Marginal Ridge groove
51
How does the crown of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar converge from the mesial view?
Cervical line curvature?
Toward Occlusal
negligible
52
What roots are notable from the Mesial view of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar?
How many roots visible from this view?
Lingual deviates outside crown
2
53
T/F
| The roots of the Primary Maxillary 2nd molar are longer than the 1st.
True
54
What root takes up 2/3 of the CEJ in the Primary Maxillary 2nd molar?
Mesiofacial root
55
What is the length of the Root Trunk from the mesial view of the Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar?
2-3 mm
56
T/F
| The mesial surface outline of the Primary Mandibular 1st molar is curved
False
Flat
57
Where are the proximal contact areas of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar?
Occlusal portion Middle Third
58
From the facial view of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar, what cusp is larger?
What separated cusps?
Mesiofacial
Facial developmental groove (indistinct)
59
Describe the cervical line from the facial view of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar
Describe cervical ridge
Describe Mesial Root
Dips apically in Mesial half
Convex Mesial half
Longer and straighter
60
How much bigger is the crown and root in the Mesial portion of the Primary Mandibular 1st Molar?
Crown 20% taller
Root 1/3 longer
61
What cervical crown is more prominent in the Primary Mandibular 2nd Molar?
Where is the lingual height of contour?
Facial
Middle 1/3
62
Describe the Mesial Marginal Ridge in a Primary Mandibular 2nd Molar.
Very high
Deep marginal ridge groove
(obscures other topography from mesial view)
63
T/F
| The height of curvature of the cervical line in the Primary Mandibular 2nd Molar is minimal from the mesial view
True
64
What roots can be seen in the Primary Mandibular 2nd Molar from the mesial view?
only mesial
65
Describe the Mesial Root of the Primary Mandibular 2nd Molar.
Faciolingually Wide
Long Root Surface Depression
Blunt, serrated Apex
66
Where is the long root surface depression of the mesial root in the Primary Mandibular 2nd Molar deepest?
Apical 1/3
67
T/F
| Coronal and radicular forms of Dens-in-Dente exist
True
68
What results from an infolding of dental papilla during development?
What tooth usually affected?
Dens-in-Dente
Lateral Maxillary Incisor
69
What is usually found in distal 1/3 of molars and facial root furcations?
Enamel Pearls
70
What are Enamel Projections?
Extensions crown onto root surface between roots
71
How much shorter is the crown of the Maxillary L.I. compared to the C.I.?
How much less is the crown width?
1. 0-1.5 mm
| 2. 0 mm
72
Describe the crown outline of the Maxillary Lateral Incisor.
Trapezoidal
73
Where is the mesial proximal contact area for the Maxillary Lateral Incisor?
Distal contact area?
Junction incisal and middle 1/3's
Middle 1/3
74
What direction does the root apex of the Maxillary Lateral Incisor curve?
Distally
75
How will the incisal edge of the Mandibular Central Incisors be positioned?
Lingually
76
How much bigger is the enamel edge on the facial side of the Mandibular Central Incisors?
0.5 mm
77
What are 2 prominent features of the root in the Permanent Mandibular Central Incisor?
Blunt root end
| Wide longitudinal root depression extending most of length of root
78
T/F
Canines are the longest teeth in the mouth, contribute "canine guidance" to functional occlusion, are considered anterior teeth, provides for smile line
True
79
What shape does a Permanent Maxillary Canine have from the Incisal view?
Diamond
80
Where is the cusp located in the Permanent Maxillary Canine?
Slightly mesial and facial
*Never distal or lingual
81
Where is there a slight concavity seen in the incisal view of the Permanent Maxillary Canine?
Distofacially
82
The facial outline of the crown and root form what shape in the permanent Mandibular Canine?
C - shaped
| smooth with no visible concavity
83
What cusp is taller in the Maxillary 1st Premolar?
| By how much?
Facial
1.0 mm
84
How are the cusp tips of the Maxillary 1st Premolar positioned?
What cuspal ridge is longer?
Mesially
Distal
85
Describe the shape of the mesial and distal outlines of the Lingual Cusp of the Maxillary 1st Premolar.
Slightly convex
86
T/F
| The crown surface cervical to the level of the contact area will be concave and smooth
False
*convex
87
From what perspective is the root depression smaller and shallower in the Maxillary 1st Premolar?
T/F
It does not cross the cervical line
Distally
True
88
Describe the cervical 1/3 of the Root Trunk in the Maxillary First Premolar on the distal surface
Convex
89
Describe the Cervical Line and Cervical Ridge in the Maxillary 1st Premolar.
Line - little to no curvature
Ridge - 0.5 mm extension outward from the CEJ
90
What cusp ridge is shorter in the Maxillary 1st Premolar?
Mesial
91
Where do triangular ridges meet in the Maxillary 1st Premolar?
What usually inhibits a transverse ridge from forming?
Center of Occlusal Table
Deep Central Groove
92
Describe the position of the central groove in the Maxillary 1st Premolar.
What does it connect?
What extension does it have?
Slightly lingual
Mesial and Distal triangular fossae
Mesial Marginal Ridge Developmental Groove
93
T/F
| Marginal ridges of the Maxillary 1st Premolar are narrow mesiodistally
True
94
What does the cervical, distal, and mesial outlines of the Maxillary 2nd Premolar produce in appearance?
Oval shape
*this is lingual surface
95
Describe the root from the Lingual view in Permanent Maxillary 2nd Premolar
Narrower than Facial surface of root
96
Describe the roots of the Maxillary 2nd Premolar
One root
Apex curves distally
97
What is found on the root of the Maxillary 2nd Premolar from the distal view?
Longitudinal Depression
*confined to root
98
T/F
| Root depressions are found on mesial and distal aspects of the Maxillary 2nd Premolar and sometimes bifurcates
False
*Does not bifurcate
99
T/F
| The distal contact area of the Maxillary 2nd Premolar is centered faciolingually
True
100
The mesial and distal cuspal ridges of the Maxillary 2nd Premolar are straight, unaligned, and meet facial cusp at an acute angle.
False
*obtuse angle
101
The occlusal table is ______ despite the cuspal ridges forming a _______
Rectangular
| Continuous Elliptical Arc
102
Why does the Maxillary 2nd Premolar have a short central groove and wide marginal ridges?
Triangular fossae irregular and close together
103
What premolar is considered to be nearly bilaterally symmetrical from the facial view?
Mandibular 1st Premolar
104
Even though the Mandibular 1st Premolar is considered symmetrical, which cuspal ridge is longer?
This means?
Distal
Cusp ever so slightly mesial
105
How does the triangular ridge of the Mandibular 1st Premolar look from the mesial view?
Steeply inclined
106
Describe the Lingual Cusp Triangular Ridge and the Central Groove of the Mandibular
Short, horizontall-ish
Groove lingual
107
What angle is the crest of the Mesial Marginal Ridge in the Mandibular 1st Premolar?
45 degrees
108
Where is the mesiolingual groove located in the Mandibular 1st Premolar?
Mesiolingual line angle
109
Where is the Lingual Groove positioned in the Mandibular 2nd Premolar?
(this is 3 cusp variety)
Distally
110
Which cusp tip is shorter in the Mandibular 2nd Premolar?
| By how much?
Mesiolingual (3 cusp variety)
1.5 mm
111
The distolingual cusp tip is ____ shorter than the facial cisp tip in the Mandibular 2nd Premolar
2.0 mm
112
What lingual cusp is wider in the 3 cusp variety Mandibular Second Molar?
Distolingual
