Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Tim's Cards > Lasers 1 > Flashcards

Lasers 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Giving off different wavelength than absorbed

A

Fluorescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

1st dedicated Laser for dental application

A

Nd-Yag

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

LASER

A

Light

Amplification

Stimulated

Emission

Radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

LED, no

A

heat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

White light

Laser light

A

everywhere

coherent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Laser light is one

A

color

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Monochromatic

collimated

coherent

A

laser

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Quantum:

A

photon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

photon stimulate atom to emit other photons

A

Einstein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

lasers are one color, colliated, and coherent

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Spontaneous emmision

Stimulated emission:

A

no coherency photon randomly released

induced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Spontaneous is random

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

A state in which a substance has been energized or excited to SPECIFIC energy levels

*more atoms/higher excited state

A

Population Inversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Population inversion, aka…

A

pumping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Amplification associated with…

A

population inversion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Radiation: ionizing

non-ionizing

A

enough energy to break away from atom

excitation, not breaking away (lasers)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

horizontal distance of measurement

A

wavelength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

wavelength measurement

A

microns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

height of wave, equivalent to energy

A

amplitude

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Amplitude is equivalent to…

A

energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

For a particular laser the horizontal width will always be the same

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

shortest wavelengths, highest amplitude

A

gamma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Dental lasers operate where

A

Infrared

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Gas or solid

A

active medium

*emits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Pumping

mirror

A

external energy

reflection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what gives laser generic name?

A

Active medium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Rapidly flashing lamp or electrical current field:

A

Pumping mechanisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Control panel, delivery system, footswitch

A

all dental lasers have

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

modes of operation:

A

continuous

pulsed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

optical fibers, hollow waveguide, articulated arm

A

delivery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

pure photon energy has a max effective distance

A

True

*this is bell-shap multi-mode

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Laser tissue interaction:

A

reflect

absorb

transmit

scatter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

transmit in non-ionizing

A

nothing happens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

scattering

A

may cause collateral

why use quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Absorption is dependent on wavelength and tissue composition

A

True

36
Q

Absorption is

A

Thermal

Chemical

Acoustic

37
Q

4 tissues

A

water

hemoglobin

melanin

HA

38
Q

2 chromophores w/ hard tissue

soft tissue

3 chromophorex of sub epi

A

water enamel

Water melanin

water, hemoglobin, oxy-Hb

39
Q

absorber of laser energy

A

chromophore

40
Q

Nd:YAG shouldn’t be used with… 40%

A

implant

41
Q

Mid-IR Erbium 30%

A

no implnat

42
Q

IR CO2 laser 10% Ti absorption

A

use with implants

43
Q

photothermal ablation:

A

activate the tip

44
Q

Coagulation depth is proportional to

A

absorption depth

45
Q

gigival blood diameter:

A

21-40 microns

46
Q

Cold steel scalpel:

A

blood, compression, sutures

47
Q

Erbium lasers:

A

absorption won’t damage whole vessel

48
Q

Diode Laser:

A

coagulation before cutting

  • bleeding very controlled
  • photo coagulation widespread and imprecise
49
Q

CO2 laser:

A

coeeficinent of absorption equal to…

best margin of ablation to coagulation

best

*cutting and coagulation at same time

50
Q

Near IR

Mid IR

IR CO2

A

ineffecient

good ablaters/poor coagulation efficiency

highly efficient and accurate ablaters/excellent coagulators

51
Q

To achieve hemostasis, tissue temp:

A

60 C

52
Q

100 C:

A

anaerobic bacteria

*photo thermal lysis

53
Q

excess of 200C

A

carbonization

***avoid

54
Q

Light energy changed into what upon tissue interaction

A

Heat

55
Q

unit of energy

unit of power

pulses per second

change from solid to vapor

A

joule

watt

hertz

ablation

56
Q

Lasers used in diagnostics

A

True

57
Q

Near IR targets

A

melanin, Hb

58
Q

Activate tip must be ____ hot

A

red or white

59
Q

Longer wavelength is of the _____ or _____family

chromophore targets:

A

Erbium, CO2

water

60
Q

Long wavelengths cause what?

A

vaporization

61
Q

Hard tissue cutting causes ______ and mineral to be ejected

A

Expansion

*not a smooth cut

62
Q

optimal effects occur with energy apsorption by:

A

target tissue

63
Q

Work

Energy

Power

Avg power

Pulse duration

Hertz

A

tissue effect

ability to perform work

work/time

sustained over time

emission

pulses/sec

64
Q

avg power

peak power

beam diameter

energy density

A

free running

energy/pulse duration

smaller beam, more powerful

65
Q

Carbon dioxide can go continuous or

A

superpulsed

66
Q

Energy distribution w/ more electrons in higher energy state than lower one

A

Population inversion

67
Q

ANSI classificaiton:

A

higher, greater hazard potential

68
Q

Engineering administrative and porcedural

A

Laser control measures

69
Q

primary responsibility

A

operator

70
Q

don’t look into a laser!!!

A

true

71
Q

Open beam, so eye protection, control, etc

A

True

72
Q

Laser recognition lights

A

should have in office

73
Q

Class 1 - 4 lasers

A

1 safest

4 eye hazard

74
Q

Class IIIA lasers can damage eye

A

true, but not in a short time

75
Q

laser pointers

A

eye injury if look into it for a minute or so

76
Q

Class IIIB laser,

A

eye damage if look directly

*no hazardous diffuse reflections

77
Q

Class IV lasers

A

light scalpel, etc

can Damage

Hazardous diffuse

78
Q

High power lasers:

A

Class IV

79
Q

Don’t use alcohol when using a laser

A

True

80
Q

Eyes, skin are tissues at risk

A

True

81
Q

MPE

A

Max Permissible Exposure

82
Q

Cross check that you and your pts glasses are appropriate

A

True

83
Q

Ablation produces what?

A

Plume

*protect with mask

84
Q

NItrous can be used with Lasers

Never work with Pure Oxygen (pt on medical)

A

True

True

85
Q

Test fire the laser prior to Pt sitting down

Always test with lowest power setting

A

True

True

86
Q

tip size goes down by 2, increase power by

A

4

Tim's Cards (140 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions