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BDS1 > radiographs > Flashcards

radiographs Flashcards

1
Q

What are radiographs?

A

Images created using x-ray photons

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2
Q

How are radiographs produced?

A

x-ray photons pass through an object and interact with a receptor

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3
Q

3 ways x-rays can interact with matter

A

transmit, absorb, scatter

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4
Q

Which interactions cause attenuation (reduce in amplitude) of x-ray photons?

A

absorption and scattering

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5
Q

term referring to darker areas

A

radiolucent

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6
Q

term referring to lighter areas

A

radiopaque

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7
Q

What happens to the x-rays to causes more radiolucent areas?

A

less attenuation of x-rays (more transmission, less absorption and scattering)

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8
Q

What happens to the x-rays to causes more radiopaque areas?

A

more attenuation of x-rays (less transmission but more absorption and scattering)

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9
Q

Materials that are more radiopaque

A

enamel, dentine, bone, some fillings

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10
Q

Why are radiographs useful?

A

Assess anatomy and pathology of hard tissues not visible to naked eye. Assess caries, bone loss

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11
Q

How will caries appear in a radiograph?

A

more radiolucent compared to rest of tooth (caries decreases radiodensity)

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12
Q

Types of intra-oral radiographs

A

bitewing, periapical, occlusal radiographs

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13
Q

Types of extra-oral radiographs

A

panoramic radiograph, lateral cephalogram

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14
Q

Type of cross-sectional radiograph

A

cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)

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15
Q

What does a bitewing show?

A

View of multiple upper and lower side teeth (premolars and molars). shows crowns, part of roots (not apex), some interdental bone

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16
Q

Use of bitewing

A

shows interdental caries

17
Q

How can you reduce overlap between adjacent teeth in a bitewing?

A

Take more than one bitewing

18
Q

What does a periapical radiograph show?

A

Full-length view of a particular tooth/teeth in one dental arch. Shows height of bone support around tooth.

19
Q

Why may the receptor be a different size for anterior and posterior teeth?

A

Anterior teeth may require a smaller receptor to fit the curvature of the arch

20
Q

What does a panoramic radiograph show?

A

entire dentition, jaws, mid-face. Can be full or sectional

21
Q

Disadvantage of a panoramic radiograph

A

worse resolution than intra-oral radiographs

22
Q

What does an occlusal radiograph show?

A

one dental arch (mandibular or maxillary) that can be seen from different viewpoints

23
Q

Different angles of occlusal radiograph

A

anterior / lateral and true / oblique

24
Q

What does cone beam computed tomography show?

A

cross-sectional imaging of the teeth/jaws (3D scan)

25
Q

When is cone beam computed tomography used?

A

when routine dental imaging cannot provide the required information e.g. implant planning, fractures

26
Q

Disadvantages of cone beam computed tomography

A

high radiation dose, low resolution, high cost

27
Q

Advantages of a radiographic assessment

A

visualise caries, reveal RCT, depth of restoration

28
Q

Limitations of a radiographic assessment

A

superimposition (2 distinct restorations may appear joined, buccal-lingual position of structures unknown.

29
Q

how should you arrange multiple radiographs for viewing?

A

position radiographs as if you are facing the patient

30
Q

Examples of anatomical features that can indicate which teeth are shown

A

crown morphology, root morphology, curve of Spee, surrounding non-dental anatomy

31
Q

Aspects of tooth morphology that can identify teeth in radiographs

A

crown shape, number of cusps, number of roots

32
Q

Which teeth have 1 root?

A

incisors, canines, some premolars

33
Q

Which teeth have 2 roots?

A

some premolars, lower molars

34
Q

Which teeth have 3 roots?

A

upper molars

35
Q

What is the curve of Spee?

A

Normal anatomical upwards curvature of the occlusal plane posteriorly

36
Q

Examples of non-dental anatomy used to identify maxillary teeth

A

maxillary sinus, nasal cavity, maxillary tuberosity

37
Q

Examples of non-dental anatomy used to identify mandibular teeth

A

inferior alveolar canal, mental foramen, inferior border of mandible, external oblique ridge.

38
Q

Location of mental foramen

A

below mandibular premolars

BDS1 (56 decks)

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