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BDS1 > occlusion > Flashcards

occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

3 parts that make up the articulatory/masticatory system

A

temporomandibular joints, occlusion, muscles of mastication

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2
Q

What are the 3 parts of a cusp?

A

ridge, cusp tip, slope

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3
Q

Where does the word ‘occlusion’ come from?

A

occludere is Latin for ‘to close up’

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4
Q

What is the static occlusion?

A

The occlusion the patient makes when they fit teeth together

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5
Q

How would you ask the patient to show their static occlusion?

A

swallow and keep teeth together

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6
Q

Other terms for static occlusion

A

centric occlusion (CO), habitual bite, maximum intercuspation (MIP), intercuspal position (ICP)

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7
Q

What is dynamic occlusion?

A

the sideways movement of the mandible from a centric position

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8
Q

Other terms for dynamic occlusion

A

mandibular eccentric movements, lateral excursion

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9
Q

How can occlusal contacts be marked?

A

articulating paper

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10
Q

How is articulating paper held in the patient’s mouth?

A

Miller forceps (securely and smoothly grip entire length of paper)

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11
Q

Why are 2 colours of articulating paper used?

A

To identify occlusal contacts in static and dynamic occlusion

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12
Q

Alternative methods of holding articulating paper that Miller forceps?

A

Y-type articulating paper holder, fix-clip bite frame (autoclavable)

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13
Q

Disposable equipment that can be used to mark occlusal contacts without needing forceps

A

bite-check articulating film from microscopy

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14
Q

How can contact artefacts be created?

A

when thick articulating paper is used (200u) or when teeth are wet

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15
Q

Why should thin articulating paper be used?

A

minimise contact artefacts and clearly indicate only the small points of true contact

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16
Q

How thin should articulating paper be?

A

40u

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17
Q

When is it acceptable to use thick articulating paper (200u)?

A

for dentures

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18
Q

How can teeth be dried before using articulating paper?

A

using 3-in-1, cotton rolls (must be removed to avoid risk of inhalation)

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19
Q

What can broad and rubbing ICP contacts be associated with?

A

Occlusal problems such as tooth wear, attrition. (first must exclude it is an artefact)

20
Q

Appearance of heavy/high contacts with articulating paper

A

more colour is squeezed out (greatest masticatory pressure)

21
Q

Term used to describe non-carious lesions that result form attrition

A

wear facets

22
Q

Why do heavy contacts (premature contacts) need to be resolved?

A

Could lead to a fracture, or sensitivity

23
Q

Which are the supporting cusps to occlusal stability?

A

Mandibular buccal cusps and maxillary palatal cusps

24
Q

Which are the non-supporting cusps?

A

Mandibular lingual cusps and maxillary buccal cusps

25
Q

What is stable occlusion?

A

Cusp tips lie in opposing fossa / marginal ridge or tripodization around the fossa

26
Q

What is tripodization?

A

3 reciprocal incline contacts (3 points around fossa) which is even better for stabilisation

27
Q

Which areas of the tooth should occlusal contacts be avoided?

A

On restored surface and on the border between enamel and restoration

28
Q

Name of a digital tool used to analyse occlusal forces in place of articulating paper

A

T scan

29
Q

Advantage of T scan

A

shows how much pressure is exerted in each point of contact (red=heavier contact)

30
Q

Disadvantage of T scan

A

expensive and 60u thick (not as thin as 40u articulating paper)

31
Q

What is an infra-occluded restoration?

A

When the tooth has been grinded down to avoid occluding with opposing tooth

32
Q

What is the harm with infra-occluded restorations?

A

the tooth will over erupt to create an instable occlusion

33
Q

Function of Shimstock foil

A

a metal foil used to check firmness of occlusal contacts in comparison to how it was before the restoration (e.g. on index teeth - moulds)

34
Q

Thickness of Shimstock foil

A

8 microns (u)

35
Q

How can shimstock foil be used to check a restoration?

A

Shimstock should be firmly held in place in ICP by both the restoration and adjacent teeth. Shimstock should hold the same with and without the restoration.

36
Q

What are the shimstock contacts like for anterior teeth?

A

light contacts - should be kept after restoration

37
Q

What would you ask the patient to do to check their dynamic occlusion?

A

Slide their jaw from side to side

38
Q

Which teeth guide the mandible during lateral excursions of the jaw?

A

lower canines

39
Q

What happens in terms of occlusion during dynamic occlusion?

A

upper and lower canines are in contact which results in posterior teeth disocclusion.

40
Q

Term used to describe multiple contact relations between maxillary and mandibular teeth (inc canines) in lateral movements

A

group function

41
Q

Down to how thin can materials be for the periodontal ligament to detect?

A

half the thickness of human hair

42
Q

What is the conformative approach?

A

restoring the occlusion in harmony with the existing ICP (mark occlusal contacts before and after)

43
Q

During lateral mandibular movement, which condyle is the working side?

A

The side the mandible moves towards is the working side.

44
Q

Name of the angle formed between the sagittal plane and the path of the mandibular condyle during lateral movement

A

Bennett angle

45
Q

In which condyle is the Bennett angle formed?

A

non-working side

46
Q

How is Shimstock used by the dentist and technician to check the articulator has the same bite as the patient?

A

To ensure each pairs of teeth (e.g. 17 and 47) have the correct occlusion. Shimstock will hold/pull through for the same pairs of teeth.

BDS1 (66 decks)

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