POLGOV HAYOP Flashcards
A community of persons more or less
numerous, permanently occupying a
definite portion of territory, having a
government of their own to which the great body of inhabitants render obedience, and enjoying freedom from external control.
STATE
4 ELEMENTS OF STATE
PEOPLE
TERRITORY
GOVERNMENT
SOVEREIGNTY
the first and most important element of a state.
mass of population living within the state.
PEOPLE
fixed portion of the surface of the earth land and water inhabited by the people of the state.
includes not only the land over which the jurisdiction of the state extends, but also the rivers and lakes therein, a certain area of the sea which abuts upon its coasts and the air space above it.
TERRITORY
agency through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed and carried out.
The machinery of the state
The regulator and instrumentality of the state for authorities that obeyed by its people.
The implementer of state policies for the welfare of the people.
GOVERNMENT
the supreme power of the state to
command and enforce obedience to its willfrom people within its jurisdiction.
Free from external control.
SOVEREIGNTY
3 INHERENT POWERS OF
THE STATE
- Police Power.
- Power of Eminent Domain.
- Power of Taxation
the power of the state to enact laws and regulations in promoting the general welfare of the people and the common good in relation to the basic human rights of a person.
o Example : Statues; laws and ordinances
POLICE POWER
power of the state to take private property for public use upon payment of a just compensation.
POWER of EMINENT DOMAIN
power of the state to impose and collect taxes for public purposes
POWER of TAXATION
The__ imposes taxation to attain its
purpose and objectives.
state
__ is life blood of the government
Taxes
– is the belief that God gave Kings the right to rule.
Divine Right Theory
it maintains that states must have been created through force, by some great warriors who imposed
their will upon the weak.
Necessity or Force Theor
the government is a
figurative father in which the government’s role and justification is by way of being a method of caring for and ensuring good conduct by the people within its area of
jurisdiction.
Paternalistic Theory
the agreement
among individuals by which society
becomes organized and invested with the right to secure mutual protection and welfare.
Individuals waived their liberty or rights for protection.
Social Contract Theory
6 FUNCTION OF THE GOVERNMENT
- Protect and regulate the sustainable
natural resources of the land - Foreign Relations
- Develop business strengths and potentials
- Determine and enforce civil laws of
property and conduct - Implement and regulate fair and
responsible business practices - Provide public goods and services for thewell-being of the community as a whole
a form of government in which
the sovereignty or power resides in one person or ruler.
monarchy
the ruler exercises
absolute sovereign powers. He is the chief executive, the legislator and the judge at the same time.
absolute monarchy
the ruler rules in accordance or
must guide by the body of rules and
customs which are generally embodied in a written constitution.
Constitutional Monarchy or Limited
Monarchy
a form of the
government in which the supreme power resides only to a few persons; whose privileges arises from birth, wealth, superior, wisdom or priestly functions.
Aristocracy and Oligarch
It can also be called as government by elite of the society.
Aristocracy and Oligarch
refers to the communal
ownership of all property
Communism
government acquired by force
and used from the legally constituted
power and authority.
De Facto
it is a government by right, lawful
and legitimate, with the general support of the people and its recognition of
supremacy.
De Jure
the power is centralized in
the hands of a single individual and exercise power and authority characterized by the
development and its political ideology.
Dictatorship
can also be considered as a semi-
democratic system and a touch of
communism wherein they control the big companies for the welfare and interest of their economic activities.
Socialist
the government is
centralized, conferring to the legislature all the power and authority of the State.
Parliamentary
The __ is only titular in function; members of the Cabinet are also members of the legislature and the ruling political
party in power.
Chief Executive
a way of governance that recognizes some civil rights of the people.
Authoritarian System
a way of governance in which people have no rights. Their civil rights extended to them only as a promise.
Totalitarian System
a form of government in which
the ruling power belongs to the majority party. It is the government of the people, for the people and by the people. A country that has a government which has been elected by the people of the land.
It is a system in which everyone is equal before law and has the
right to vote, make decision etc.
democracy
the people govern themselves
directly and not indirectly through choses representatives.
direct
the people select or choose
somebody to represent the interests of another, the chosen representative derives all the powers, directly or indirectly from thenmajority of the people and is administered by person holding their offices during pleasures,
for limited period of time, or during good behavior.
representative
simply implements or
enforces the law
executive branch
modify or abolish the
law,
legislative branch
generally interprets the law and
settle cases.
judicial branch
From __ to __, the Philippines was administered by the king of Spain through the viceroyalty of __ or ___
1565 to 1821
Nueva Espana or Mexico.
governing body of all colonies of Spain called the ___ was located.
Real y Supremo Consejo de las Indias (Royal and Supreme Council
of the Indies)
Real y Supremo Consejo de las Indias - This council was established by ___ to assist the Spanish king in managing the affairs of the colonies abroad.
Charles V of Spain
Real y Supremo Consejo de las Indias By May __, this council was replaced by another governing body for the Indiesby —
1863
the Ministerio de Ultramar or the Ministry of Colonies
governor general was
appointed by the King of Spain and as the latter’s representative in the colony, he was also called as
the
vice-royal patron
Commander-in-chief of the armed forces in the colony
(Captain-General)
Chief justice/president of the Royal Audiencia
(Supreme Court)
Vice-royal patron or king’s representative with
power to:
a. recommend priests as parish priests and to intervene
in religious controversies.
b. declare war or peace with neighboring countries in the
Orient.
c. appoint to and receive ambassadors from these
countries.
The __ or __ was the unit of local government during the Spanish period.
pueblo or town
Municipal Official was
headed by a local official called ____
popularly called ___
gobernadorcillo (little governor), capitan (his wife was called capitana).
Municipal Official capitan was assisted by four lieutenants:
- teniente mayor (chief lieutenant),
- teniente de policia (lieutenant of police),
- teniente de sementeras (lieutenant of the fields),
- teniente de ganados (lieutenant of the cattle)
the pueblo was
divided into barangays, each consisting of about __
families.
50
King Philip II of Spain conferred upon
barangay head the title of __ to “show them good treatment and entrust them, in our name, with the government of the Indians, of whom they were formerly the lords”
cabezas de barangay
The barangay (from the word “___” or ‘boat) was retained as the basic political unit during the Spanish period.
balanghai
Cabeza de barangay was headed by a
cabeza de barangay (___) To qualify, he must have a _____
and ___
his wife cabizana
good moral character and owned properties.
the ___ was responsible for the peace and order of his jurisdiction and for the recruitment of polistas or workers for communal public
works.
cabeza de barangay
