lesson 2 midterm amine org chem Flashcards
contain a nitrogen atom that is bonded to at
least one carbon group
Amines
all carbons bonded to nitrogen are
derived from alkyl groups
aliphatic amine
one or more of the groups bonded to
nitrogen are aryl groups
aromatic amine
Only alkyl groups bonded to the
nitrogen
Aliphatic amine
One or more aromatic (or aryl)
groups bonded to the nitrogen
Aromatic amine
Amine in which the nitrogen atom
is part of a ring
Heterocyclic amine
Heterocyclic amine in
which the ring is saturated (has no C=C bonds)
Heterocyclic aliphatic amine
saturated
non saturated
single bond
multiple bond
Amine nitrogen is part of
an aromatic ring
Heterocyclic aromatic amine
the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m), and para (p)
the prefixes ortho (o), meta (m), and para (p)
Name unsymmetrical secondary and tertiary amines as ___
substituted primary amines
N-
Show their location on nitrogen by using the prefix ___
(indicating that they are bonded to nitrogen`
N
a white crystalline solid. It is
soluble in water (37%).
Ammonium chloride
is a quaternary ion-4 bonds to N with + charge
Ion
is associated with an anion as a salt
Positive ion
Replace the ending -___ (or aniline or pyridine
amine
Replace the ending -___ anilinium or pyridinium
-ammonium
have very nasty, sharp,
penetrating odors
Small amines
1,4-butanediamine is putrescine
ᴥ 1,5-pentanediamine is cadaverine
1,4-butanediamine is putrescine
ᴥ 1,5-pentanediamine is cadaverine
smells like rotting fish
Trimethylamine
have
N-H bonds and can form
H bonds with one
another
1° and 2° amines
have no N-H
bond and cannot form H
bonds with one another
3° amines
are polar
compounds
Amines
form hydrogen bonds with water and are
more soluble in water than are hydrocarbons of
comparable molecular weight
Amines
are completely soluble in water
small amines
are only moderately soluble in
water or are insoluble
Larger amines
are weak bases
Amines
is most important chemical property of amines
Basicity
whether soluble or insoluble in water, react
quantitatively with strong acids to form water-soluble salts
Amines
- Very weak base
- Weaker than aliphatic amines
Aromatic or Heterocyclic aromatic amines
- Weak base
- Basicity similar to ammonia
- Stronger than aromatic amines
Aliphatic amines
pH of blood is approximately __, which is slightly basic
7.40
are much more soluble in water
Salts
exists as “free base” or “crack” (smoked)
and as HCl salt (injected)
Cocaine
the first of 3 organic compounds that can be derived from NH3 by
successively replacing the H atoms with hydroxyethyl radicals (-
CH2CH2OH),
Ethanolamine
family of chemicals that work as surfactants & emulsifying
ingredients in personal care products & cleaning products; airplane-
engine coolants
Ethanolamine
made through a chemical reaction of ethylene oxide with ammonia
(NH3)
Ethanolamine
necessary for maintenance of the phospholipids structure of cell
membranes
Choline
precursor for cell signaling molecules such as platelet activating
factor
Choline
a component of the phospholipids in VLDL
Choline
a precursor of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
Choline
are basic nitrogen-
containing compounds found
in the roots, bark, leaves,
berries or fruits of plants.
Alkaloids
___ have physiological
effects
___ are often poisonous
Alkaloids
Common names often end in
“ine
Alkaloids
is a central nervous
system stimulant obtained
from the leaves of coca plant
Cocaine
H’s replaced by
acetate
Heroin
Blue H replaced
by methyl
Codeine
