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BUHAY DENTISTA > anaphy integumentary system > Flashcards

anaphy integumentary system Flashcards

1
Q

which means inward

A

integumentare

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2
Q

meaning to cover

A

tegere

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3
Q

Composed of skin, hair,
glands, nails and sensory
receptors.

A

INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM

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4
Q

The skin acts as a barrier against physical damage, UV radiation, and pathogens

A

PROTECTion

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5
Q

The skin synthesizes vitamin D when exposed to sunlight.

A

Vitamin D Production

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6
Q

The skin excretes some waste products through sweat,

A

Excretion

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7
Q

The skin contains numerous nerve endings that detect touch

A

Sensation

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8
Q

by controlling blood flow near the surface

A

Temperature regulation

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9
Q

aka_____ or
integument covers the external
surface of the body.

A

Skin/cutaneous membrane

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10
Q

in both surface area and weight
(16% of total body weight).

❑ Thickest:
❑ Thinnest:

❑ 2 parts:

A

Largest organ of the body

heels
eyelids

epidermis and dermis

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11
Q

It consists mainly of a stratified squamous keratinized
epithelium

A

Epidermis

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12
Q

Keratin synthesis

A

Keratinocytes

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13
Q

Pigment production;
PROTECTS THE DNA

A

Melanocytes

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14
Q

Antigen presenting cell (a
type of macrophage)

A

Langerhans cells

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15
Q

Tactile epithelial cells

A

Merkel cells

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16
Q

Stratum basale (basal layer) and the thicker stratum spinosum (spinous layer) are collectively called

A

Malpighian layer

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17
Q

Layers of Epidermis:
Outermost layer
Absent in thin skin
Granular layer
Thickest layer
Mitotic division

A

Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale

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18
Q

germ cell where mitosis
occur / stem cells

A

Basal Layer/ Germinativum

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19
Q

Cells are arranged as a single layer of

A

cuboidal or low columnar cells

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20
Q

Keratinocyte stem cells undergo mitotic divisions approximately every

A

19 days

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21
Q

with their associated Merkel discs are scattered among the keratinocytes of the basal layer.

A

Melanocytes and Merkel cells

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22
Q

Thickest and still the thickest even in
thin skin

A

Stratum Spinosum

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23
Q

Aka Prickle cell layer/ Spinous layer

A

Stratum Spinosum

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24
Q

Composed of polyhedral keratinocytes
with active protein synthetic function

A

KERATIN SYNTHESIS

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25
Q

Connected by desmosomes

A

Stratum Spinosum

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26
Q

where langerhan cells are located

A

Stratum Spinosum

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27
Q

Organelles begin to degenerate

A

Stratum Granulosum/Granular Layer

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28
Q

Three to five rows of flattened
keratinocytes

A

Stratum Granulosum/Granular Layer

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29
Q

thin, transparent/clear zone that consists of several layers
of dead cells (3-5 layers)

A

Stratum Lucidum

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30
Q

Stratum Lucidum Present in thick skin:

A

fingertips, palms, and soles.

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31
Q

Made of dead cells without
nucleus aka

A

Stratum Corneum/ Cornified layer

32
Q

second, deeper part of the skin

A

Dermis

33
Q

composed of a strong connective tissue containing collagen
and elastic fibers FOR TENSILE STRENGTH

A

Dermis

34
Q

Small, fingerlike structures

A

Papillary layer

35
Q

Made of loose connective tissue

A

Papillary layer

36
Q

consists of dense irregular connective
tissue

A

Reticular layer

37
Q

Detect pain, temperature
and touch

A

Free nerve endings

38
Q

high frequency
receptors

A

Pacinian corpuscles

39
Q

vibration low frequency

A

Meissner’s corpuscles

40
Q

hot sensation

A

Ruffini endings

41
Q

coldn sensation

A

Krause end bulb

42
Q

the least abundant cell of the skin

A

Langerhans cell

43
Q

are present on
most skin surfaces except
the palms

A

Hairs, or pili

44
Q

protection and
light touch sensation

A

Hairs, or pili

45
Q

Most keratinized

❑Provides strength and
helps keep the inner
layers tightly compacted

A

Cuticle

46
Q

Surrounds the medulla

A

Cortex

47
Q

Consist of large cell and
air spaces

A

Medulla

48
Q

Only part of the hair that
contains soft keratin,
absent in fine hairs Medulla

A

Medulla

49
Q

penetrates into the dermis

A

Hair root

50
Q

❑ Surrounds the hair root
❑ Produce the hair shafts

A

Hair follicles

51
Q

❑ Smooth muscle cells
❑ Pulls hairs upright when cold or
frightened

A

Arrector pili muscle

52
Q

contractions force force sebum out

A

Arrector pili muscle

53
Q

ANagen (Growth) CAtagen (Regression) TElogen (Resting)

A

ANagen (Growth) CAtagen (Regression) TElogen (Resting)

54
Q

Fine long hairs in the body covering
the fetus

A

Lanugo hairs

55
Q

Fine short unmedullated hairs
covering the body

A

Vellus hairs

56
Q

Long coarse medullated hairs in the
scalp and pubic region influenced by
sex hormone

A

Terminal hairs

57
Q

3 TYPES OF SECRETION

A

merocrine secretion
apocrine secretion
holocrine secretion

58
Q

vesicle fuse with the cell membrane to secrete the product of the gland

A

merocrine secretion

59
Q

parts of the cell is pinched off

A

apocrine secretion

60
Q

a mature cell dies completely to secrete the product

A

holocrine secretion

61
Q

❑ Produce sweat
❑ Widely distributed in skin except nipples and parts of external genitalia

A

Sweat or Sudoriferous Glands

62
Q

❑ produce a thick secretion rich in organic substances (odorless)
❑ open into follicles but only in axilla and genitalia
❑ no dark cells
❑ surrounded by myoepithelial cells
❑ produces PHEROMONES

A

Apocrine

63
Q

❑ clear cells - produces sweat
❑ dark cells – fight bacteria
❑ myoepithelial cells that can contract to push sweat
❑ coiled tubular discharge directly to
skin surface
❑ distributed to palms and soles

A

Merocrine/ Eccrine

64
Q

large, lipid- producing cells filled with
small fat droplets

A

Sebocytes

65
Q

produce a mixture of lipids

A

sebum

66
Q

Modified apocrine glands found in
the lining of the external ear canal

A

Ceruminous Glands

67
Q

Secretion mixes with sebum to
produce cerumen or ear wax.

A

Ceruminous Glands

68
Q

Hard, flexible plates of keratin on the dorsal surface of each distal phalanx

A

nails

69
Q

dense keratinized plate

A

Nail Body/
plate

70
Q

formed by the epidermal
stratum corneum extending from
the proximal nail fold

A

Cuticle or eponychium

71
Q

proximal part covered by the
proximal skin fold which is thin
and lacks both hair and glands

A

Nail root

72
Q

stratified squamous epithelium
where the plate rests

A

Nail bed

73
Q

a permanent coloration of the skin

A

tattooing

74
Q

is deposited with a needle into the dermis

A

foreign pigment

75
Q

three pigments that impart a wide variety of colors to skin

A

Melanin, hemoglobin, and carotene

76
Q

2 FORMS OF MELANIN

A

❑ pheomelanin (yellow to red)
❑ eumelanin (brown to black)

BUHAY DENTISTA (23 decks)

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