prelim org chem lesson 3 Flashcards
a hydrocarbon that contains one or more benzene-like rings.
Aromatic compound
a term used to describe aromatic compounds.
arene
a symbol for an aromatic group derived by removing an -H from an arene.
Ar-
The theory of resonance, developed by
Linus Pauling
provided the first adequate description of the structure of benzene
Linus Pauling
the real molecule or ion is a ___of these structures.
resonance hybrid
Each individual Lewis structure is called a
contributing structure
the substituent group derived by removal of an H from benzene.
phenyl group
A hydrocarbon that contain two or more benzene rings, with each pair of rings sharing two adjacent carbon atoms.
Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)
An application of ___is in the preparation of synthetic detergents.
sulfonation
the most characteristic reaction of aromatic compounds is substitution at a ring carbon.This reaction is called
aromatic substitution
The functional group of a __is a hydroxyl group bonded to a benzene ring.
phenol
a reaction that converts an R-H group to an R-O-O-H (hydroperoxide) group.
Autoxidation
is a radical chain reaction
Autoxidation
Formation of a radical from a nonradical compound
chain initiation
An atom of molecule with an unpaired electron.
radical
Reaction of a radical to form a new radical.
chain propagation
are unstable.
Hydroperoxides
Under biological conditions, they degrade to short-chain aldehydes and carboxylic acids with unpleasant “rancid” smells.
Hydroperoxides
Similar formation of hydroperoxides in the low-density lipoproteins deposited on the walls of arteries leads to cardiovascular disease in humans.
Hydroperoxides
Similar formation of hydroperoxides in the low-density lipoproteins deposited on the walls of arteries leads to cardiovascular disease in humans.
Hydroperoxides
is a natural antioxidant
Vitamin E
They form stable radicals and thus break the cycle of chain propagation steps; they prevent further formation of destructive hydroperoxides.
Antioxidants
are synthetic antioxidants.
BHT and BHA
These compounds are radical scavengers.
Antioxidants
