Pediatric GI Flashcards
What causes Gastroesophageal Reflux (GER)?
Floppiness of LES
What should you obtain with a child that presents with GER?
Detailed history of vomiting and feeding schedule
Symptoms of GER?
HAPPY spitter, gaining weight and refluxes while smiling
Symptoms of GER?
HAPPY spitter, gaining weight and refluxes while smiling
If the relux is persistent in the child, what will likely manifest?
GERD
GERD symptoms?
Esophagitis and fussiness
– persistent refluxing
GERD symptoms?
Esophagitis and fussiness
– persistent refluxing
What tests should be performed if a child has GERD?
24 hour intra-esophageal pH and impedance monitoring
What tests should be performed if a child has GERD?
24 hour intra-esophageal pH and impedance monitoring
What test should be performed if a child has GERD?
24 hour intra-esophageal pH and impedance monitoring
What can quantify the severity of the reflux?
24 hour intra-esophageal pH and impedance monitoring
Describe impedance monitoring
= measures direction of food bolus movement
- measures changes in resistance to alternating electrical current when bolus passes by a pair of metallic rings mounted on catheter
Describe impedance monitoring
= measures direction of food bolus movement
- measures changes in resistance to alternating electrical current when bolus passes by a pair of metallic rings mounted on catheter
Where does Intussusception usually occur?
Ileocecal junction == ileum invaginating into colon
Symptoms of Intussusception?
Currant jelly - like stools
Abdominal pain and vomiting
RUQ sausage - like mass
Symptoms of Intussusception?
Currant jelly - like stools
Abdominal pain and vomiting
RUQ sausage - like mass
Air enema usually treats?
Intussusception
Pyloric stenosis is common in boys 2-4 weeks old. What are the symptoms?
Projectile vomiting
Palpable olive in epigastric region
Peristaltic abdominal waves with eating
Pyloric stenosis is common in boys 2-4 weeks old. What are the symptoms?
Projectile vomiting
Palpable olive in epigastric region
Peristaltic abdominal waves with eating
Electrolyte changes with Pyloric Stenosis?
Hypochloremic
Hypokalemic
Metabolic Alkalosis
Electrolytes changes with Pyloric Stenosis?
Hypochloremic
Hypokalemic
Metabolic Alkalosis
Hirschsprung disease
Failure of ganglion cells to migrate to developing colon
What is the first sign of Hirschsprung disease?
Failure to pass meconium in first 24-48 hours of life
What is the first sign of Hirschsprung disease?
Failure to pass meconium in first 24-48 hours of life
3 signs of Hirschsprung Disease?
- Palpable stool in abdomen
- Empty rectal vault
- History of never having unassisted stool
3 signs of Hirschsprung Disease?
- Palpable stool in abdomen
- Empty rectal vault
- History of never having unassisted stool
What test should be done to confirm Hirschsprung Disease?
Rectal biopsy
Celiac Disease
Gluten sensitive
= immune mediated inflammatory disease of SI
Females/people with other autoimmune diseases and those with Down, Turner or Williams syndrome are at high risk for?
Celiac disease
Symptoms of Celiac Disease?
Diarrhea
Failure to gain weight
Abdominal distention with pain
Symptoms of Celiac Disease?
Diarrhea
Failure to gain weight
Abdominal distention with pain
What antibodies will diagnose Celiac disease?
IgA (ttg)
IgA (ttg) antibodies will diagnose?
Celiac disease?
Treatment for Celiac disease?
Gluten free life
