Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

GI - 2 > Pancreatic Patient > Flashcards

Pancreatic Patient Flashcards

1
Q

Is Acute Pancreatitis an emergency?

A

YES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What occurs with Acute Pancreatitis?

A

Activation of digestive enzymes = autodigestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are common causes of Acute Pancreatitis?

A

Gallstones
Heavy alcohol use
Hypertriglyceridemia
Trauma, meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Symptoms of Acute Pancreatitis?

A

Epigastric/RUQ pain that radiates straight through to the back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Where does the pain radiate with Acute Pancreatitis?

A

Straight through to the back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What may be seen on the skin with Acute Pancreatitis?

A

Cullen sign = belly bruise

Grey Turner Sign = flank bruise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Abdominal exam findings with Acute Pancreatitis?

A

Abdominal tenderness with decreased bowel sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What may be found with a lung exam with Acute Pancreatitis?

A

Possible difficulty breathing with crackles due to pleural effusions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What ion will be decreased with Acute Pancreatitis and what are the corresponding (+) findings?

A

HYPOcalcemia
= Chvostek sign and Trousseau sign (+)
Chvostek - facial nerve spasm
Trousseau - bp cuff causes carpal spasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Acute Pancreatitis?

A

2/3 of the following:

  1. Epigastric pain
  2. CT changes consistent with pancreatitis
  3. Lipase (and amylase) 3X the upper limit of normal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the diagnostic criteria for Acute Pancreatitis?

A

2/3 of the following:

  1. Epigastric pain
  2. CT changes consistent with pancreatitis
  3. Lipase (and amylase) 3X the upper limit of normal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Difference between Lipase and Amylase?

A

Amylase can be increased in other conditions

= LIPASE IS MORE ACCURATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Difference between Lipase and Amylase?

A

Amylase can be increased in other conditions

= LIPASE IS MORE ACCURATE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A CT with or without contrast can be obtained for Acute Pancreatitis. When should you avoid using contrast?

A

Cr > 1.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are 2 things that may be seen on X-ray with Acute Pancreatitis?

A

Sentinel Loop

Colon Cutoff Sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are 2 things that may be seen on X-ray with Acute Pancreatiits?

A

Sentinel Loop

Colon Cutoff Sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Sentinel loop

A

Segment of air-filled small intestine in LUQ

- Sign of Acute Pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Colon Cutoff Sign

A

Gas-filled segment of transverse colon that ABRUPTLY ends at area of Pancreatic inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are possible complications of Acute Pancreatitis?

A
  • Intravascular volume depletion
  • Necrosis with possible infection
  • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Pleural Effusion
  • Ileus with fluid-filled loop
  • Pseudocysts, pancreatic ascites, chronic pancreatitis
20
Q

What are possible complications of Acute Pancreatitis?

A
  • Intravascular volume depletion
  • Necrosis with possible infection
  • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Pleural Effusion
  • Ileus with fluid-filled loop
  • Pseudocysts, pancreatic ascites, chronic pancreatitis
21
Q

First treatment for Acute Pancreatitis?

A

IV FLUID RESUSCITATION

22
Q

First treatment for Acute Pancreatitis and what is may worsen?

A

IV FLUID RESUSCITATION

- may worsen pain and acute respiratory distress syndrome

23
Q

If severe acute pancreatitis, what should be given for treatment?

A
  • IV Calcium Gluconate for hypocalcemia
  • fresh frozen plasma and albumin
  • enteral feedings
24
Q

What are 4 severity indicators for Acute Pancreatitis?

A
  • GA-LAW
  • C and HOBBS
  • APACHE II > 8 = higher mortality
  • BISAP score (0-5)
25
What is Chronic Pancreatitis?
Irreversible damage to pancreas | - necrosis -> fibrosis
26
Causes of Chronic Pancreatitis?
TIGAR-O - Toxic-metabolic -- usually alcohol - Idiopathic -- smoking is risk factor - Genetic - Autoimmune -- celiac/IgG4 - Recurrent acute pancreatitis - Obstruction
27
Causes of Chronic Pancreatitis?
TIGAR-O - Toxic-metabolic -- usually alcohol - Idiopathic -- smoking is risk factor - Genetic - Autoimmune -- celiac/IgG4 - Recurrent acute pancreatitis - Obstruction
28
Symptoms of Chronic Pancreatitis?
Chronic/intermittent epigastric pain | Pancreatic insufficiency
29
Symptoms of Chronic Pancreatitis?
Chronic/intermittent epigastric pain | Pancreatic insufficiency
30
Chronic pancreatitis often has pancreatic insufficiency. What are the signs of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency?
``` Exocrine = steatorrhea Endocrine = diabetes mellitus ```
31
Chronic Pancreatitis often has pancreatic insufficiency. What are the signs of exocrine and endocrine insufficiency?
``` Exocrine = steatorrhea Endocrine = diabetes mellitus ```
32
Fecal changes that are reflective of pancreatic insufficiency with Chronic Pancreatitis?
Fecal fat INCREASED | Fecal chymotrypsin and elastase DECREASED
33
What will be seen on imaging with Chronic Pancreatitis?
CALCIFICATIONS
34
What will be seen on imaging with Chronic Pancreatitis?
CALCIFICATIONS
35
Possible complications of Chronic Pancreatitis?
Pancreatic cancer | Pancreatic insufficiency -- diabetes
36
Pancreatic cancer is usually what type?
Adenocarcinoma
37
Where are tumors usually located with pancreatic cancer and the resulting signs?
Pancreatic head | -> biliary obstruction -> jaundice
38
Signs of Pancreatic Cancer?
``` Painless jaundice (maybe epigastric to back pain) NEW onset diabetes mellitus in an older person ```
39
Signs of Pancreatic Cancer?
``` Painless jaundice (maybe epigastric to back pain) NEW onset diabetes mellitus in an older person ```
40
What signs will be (+) with Pancreatic Cancer?
Trousseau sign of malignancy - migratory thrombophlebitis | Courvoisier sign
41
Courvoisier sign
Enlarged, non-tender gallbladder due to underlying mass | - sign of pancreatic cancer
42
What marker will be increased with Pancreatic Cancer?
CA 19-9
43
What marker will be increased with Pancreatic Cancer?
CA 19-9
44
Treatment for Pancreatic Cancer?
``` Whipple surgery (removes head of pancreas) Chemo ```
45
Amylase of Lipase - which is more accurate to the pancreas?
LIPASE

GI - 2 (61 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions