GI Trauma/Emergencies - part 2 Flashcards
Who is usually affected by an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm?
Older people
AAA
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
AAA’s require that the aortic diameter be greater than?
3 cm
AAA’s require that the aortic diameter be greater than?
3 cm
AAA’s are usually below ____ and progressively ____ over time
Below Renal A.s
Progressively dilate over time
What can increase your risk of an AAA rupturing?
Smoking
Size of AAA
3 categories of AAA’s?
Asymptomatic
Symptomatic and not ruptured
Symptomatic and ruptured
Majority of symptoms for AAA’s?
ASYMPTOMATIC
Majority of symptoms for AAA’s?
ASYMPTOMATIC
What symptoms can present with AAA’s if they have yet to rupture?
Pain, limb ischemia, malaise, fever
With an AAA, what classification would it be if the patient had pain, limb ischemia, fever, malaise?
Symptomatic but not ruptured
Triad of symptoms for ruptured AAA’s?
Pain in abdomen/back
Hypotension
Pulsatile abdominal mass
Triad of symptoms for ruptured AAA’s?
Pain in abdomen/back
Hypotension
Pulsatile abdominal mass
Triad of symptoms for ruptured AAA’s?
Pain in abdomen/back
Hypotension
Pulsatile abdominal mass
Pain, hypotension and a pulsatile mass =
Ruptured AAA
Blunt trauma
Direct blow
Penetrating trauma
Stab/GSWs
Explosives
Blunt + Penetrating + inhalation trauma
Majority of trauma cases are related to what?
MVC
motor vehicle collision
Majority of trauma cases are related to what?
MVC
motor vehicle collision
What solid organs are most commonly injured due to trauma?
Liver
Spleen
What solid organs are most commonly injured due to trauma?
Liver
Spleen
ABCDE of trauma
Airway Breathing Circulation with hemorrhage control Disability/neurologic status Exposure/Environment control
ABCDE of trauma
Airway Breathing Circulation with hemorrhage control Disability/neurologic status Exposure/Environment control
Due to the possibility of diaphragm injuries, what should not be used when putting in a chest tube?
Trochar
Bike handlebar injuries commonly cause?
Duodenal injuries
For duodenal and pancreatic injuries, what diagnostic test should you order?
CT with oral and IV contrast
What causes pancreatic injuries?
Blow that compresses pancreas against vertebrae
With genitourinary injuries, what sign is likely present?
Hematuria or gross bleeding
What usually causes hollow viscus injuries?
Sudden deceleration (MVC)
Do NOT delay _____ in order to obtain diagnostic studies
Transfer of care
2 times when patients get a laparotomy (surgery) immediately?
- Blunt trauma to abdomen with hypotension and (+) FAST scan
- Intraperitoneal bleeding
2 times when patients get a laparotomy (surgery) immediately?
- Blunt trauma to abdomen with hypotension and (+) FAST scan
- Intraperitoneal bleeding
FAST scan purpose?
US to detect free fluid in peritoneum, pericardium and pleural spaces
Ultrasound to detect fluid in peritoneum, pericardium and pleural spaces?
FAST
4 locations for FAST scan?
Subxiphoid
Morrison’s pouch (right flank)
Perisplenic (left flank)
Pelvic (bladder)
4 locations for FAST scan?
Subxiphoid
Morrison’s pouch (right flank)
Perisplenic (left flank)
Pelvic (bladder)