Anorectal Disease Flashcards
What can cause Hemorrhoids?
Straining while defecating
Pregnancy
Hemorrhoids is due to increased?
Venous pressure in the hemorrhoidal plexus
Symptoms of Hemorrhoids?
Bright Red Blood Per Rectum
Protrusion with discomfort
Symptoms of Hemorrhoids?
Bright Red Blood Per Rectum
Protrusion with discomfort
What diagnostic will confirm Hemorrhoids?
DRE
- palpated with possible gross blood
Treatment for Hemorrhoids?
Laxatives, stool softeners
- severe bleeding - band ligation
What are 2 possible complications with Hemorrhoids?
Anemia
Thrombosed External Hemorrhoid
What is a Thrombosed External Hemorrhoid?
- Possible complication of hemorrhoid
= PAINFUL, blue perianal nodule under skin
Anal fissures
Rocket shaped/linear ulcers less than 5 mm in length
What causes Anal fissures?
Trauma to anal canal while defecating
Symptoms of Anal fissures?
Severe, tearing pain during defecation that is followed by throbbing and potential bleeding
Symptoms of Anal fissures?
Severe, tearing pain during defecation that is followed by throbbing and potential bleeding
What diagnostic will confirm Anal fissures?
Inspection of anal verge
Treatment for Anal fissures?
Promote effortless and painless bowel movements
What usually causes Anal cancer?
HPV
What usually causes Anal cancer?
HPV
Symptoms of Anal cancer?
Pain, mass, bleeding, change in bowel habits
What diagnostic will confirm Anal cancer usually?
DRE - lump
What can prevent Anal cancer?
HPV vaccination
Where would Anal cancer metastasize first?
Lungs
Symptoms of Perianal pruritus?
Itching and discomfort of perianal area
What can cause Perianal Pruritus?
Poor anal hygiene
Infections (pinworm)
STDs
What can cause Perianal Pruritus?
Poor anal hygiene
Infections (pinworms)
STDs
Treatment for Perianal Pruritus?
Treat underlying condition
