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GI - 2 > 16-3 > Flashcards

16-3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor?

A

Aggressive epithelial-lined cyst in the jaw

posterior mandible

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2
Q

What is a Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor?

A

Aggressive epithelial-lined cyst in the jaw

posterior mandible

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3
Q

Who is commonly affected with Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumors?

A

Males 10-40

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4
Q

What is the most common oral cancer?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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5
Q

What is the most common oral cancer?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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6
Q

Leukoplakia

A

White patch that canNOT be scraped off and is not due to any other disease/reason

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7
Q

White patch that cannot be scraped off and is not due to any other disease/reason

A

Leukoplakia

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8
Q

Leukoplakia is ____

A

Pre-cancerous

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9
Q

Erythroplakia

A

Red, velvety lesion equal to or slightly below surrounding mucosa

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10
Q

Red, velvety lesion equal to or slightly below surrounding mucosa

A

Erythroplakia

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11
Q

Erythroplakia is ____

A

MOST pre-cancerous

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12
Q

Leukoplakia and Erythroplakia are pre-cancerous. What patient population often has them?

A

Older males who use tobacco

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13
Q

The etiology of Squamous cell carcinoma is multifactorial. What are the top 2 reasons?

A
  1. HPV infection

2. Tobacco and alcohol use

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14
Q

The etiology of Squamous cell carcinoma is multifactorial. What are the top 2 reasons?

A
  1. HPV infection

2. Tobacco and alcohol use

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15
Q

Instead of tobacco and alcohol, what in india/asia can cause SCC?

A

Betel nuts and paan

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16
Q

What can cause cancers of the lower lip?

A

Actinic radiation and pipe smoking

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17
Q

Actinic radiation and pipe smoking cause?

A

Cancers of the lower lip

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18
Q

What strains of HPV are seen with oropharyngeal SCC?

19
Q

Oropharyngeal SCC affects who?

A

White males who do NOT smoke age 35-55

20
Q

Long term survival is better in patients with HPV (+) or (-) SCC?

21
Q

Long term survival is better in patients with HPV (+) or (-) SCC?

22
Q

What genes can be mutated with SCC?

A

TP53
CDKn2a
PIK3cA

23
Q

What genetic alterations are present with SCC?

A

NOTCH1 and FAT1

24
Q

HPV (-) tumors harbor ____ somatic mutations

25
Q

What proteins are present that disrupt the cell cycle with HPV (+) SCC?

26
Q

E6 does what?

27
Q

E7 does what?

28
Q

What genes can be mutated with SCC?

A

TP53
CDKn2a
PIK3cA

29
Q

What genetic alterations are present with SCC?

A

NOTCH1

FAT1

30
Q

Classic SCC affects what parts of the oral cavity?

A

Ventral tongue
Floor of the mouth
Lower lip

31
Q

Classic SCC will be preceded by?

A

Leukoplakia or Erythroplakia

32
Q

Classic SCC has protruding?

33
Q

What causes Classic SCC?

A

Tobacco carcinogen induced

34
Q

HPV+ SCC affects what parts of the oral cavity?

A

Tonsillar crypts in lingual tonsils

Base of tongue

35
Q

HPV+ SCC will be preceded by?

36
Q

HPV+ SCC will have?

A

Small tumors with cervical LAD

37
Q

HPV+ SCC will have overexpression of what protein?

38
Q

Proliferation of nests/lobules of basaloid and nonkeratinizing cells is seen with?

39
Q

Sore throat, ear ache, odynophagia and weight loss could indicate?

A

Oropharyngeal SCC

40
Q

What is the Theory of Field Cancerization?

A

Multiple independent primary tumors develop as a result of years of chronic exposure to carcinogens

41
Q

Survival rate using the Theory of Field Cancerization?

A

5 year survival rate for 1st primary tumor is&raquo_space; 2nd primary tumor

42
Q

What is the Theory of Field Cancerization?

A

Multiple independent primary tumors develop as a result of years of chronic exposure to carcinogens

43
Q

Overexpression of P16 is seen with?

GI - 2 (61 decks)

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