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GI - 2 > GI Trauma/Emergencies > Flashcards

GI Trauma/Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Between what ages is appendicitis the most common?

A

10-19

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2
Q

Describe the history of the pain with Appendicitis

A
  • Visceral (vague and aching) abdominal pain
  • Localizes to the RLQ
  • Somatic (localized and sharp)
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3
Q

Early Appendicitis can mimic?

A

Gastroenteritis or viral illness

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4
Q

Early Appendicitis can mimic gastroenteritis or viral illness. Why should you treat the patient and not the CBC/UA lab results?

A

CBC and UA can come back normal OR abnormal in patients with appendicitis

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5
Q

In kids, instead of a CT, what test should you get first to check for appendicitis?

A

US

– if (-) then get a CT

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6
Q

Ingested foreign bodies are most common in?

A

Children

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7
Q

Ingested foreign bodies most common treatment?

A

Watch and wait == usually pass without intervention

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8
Q

What is an example of a common foreign body ingested in children?

A

Coin, button batteries

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9
Q

In adults, what is the most common ingestion that causes obstruction?

A

Food(meat) ==> food bolus

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10
Q

Most frequent site of obstruction for foreign bodies?

A

Esophagus

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11
Q

What are the signs of an esophageal obstruction?

A

Drooling and inability to swallow liquids

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12
Q

If a patient is drooling and cannot swallow liquids, what should you do?

A

Emergent Endoscopy

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13
Q

What symptoms with foreign body ingestion would require a further workup?

A

Fever, abdominal pain and vomiting after ingestion

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14
Q

When should you get imaging after a foreign body ingestion?

A

When the patient does NOT have signs of an esophageal obstruction

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15
Q

2 options for imaging and what they can be good for with ingestion of foreign bodies?

A

Plain radiograph - not all things show up

CT - narcotics, sharps, perforation

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16
Q

What 3 things does treatment of a foreign body ingestion depend on?

A

Symptoms
Type of object
Location of object

17
Q

What 3 things does treatment of a foreign body ingestion depend on?

A

Symptoms
Type of object
Location of object

18
Q

What treatment does the majority of foreign body ingestion cases require?

A

Watch and wait

- can get weekly x-ray until found in stool

19
Q

Majority of foreign objects will pass in?

A

4-6 days

20
Q

What treatment does esophageal obstruction require?

A

Endoscopy within 6-24 hours

21
Q

Protrusion of an organ through the body wall that normally contains it

A

Hernia

22
Q

What 3 ways can hernias be classified?

A

Location
Contents
Status of contents

23
Q

Most common ventral hernias?

A

Epigastric

Umbilical

24
Q

Most common groin hernias?

A

Inguinal – direct and indirect
Femoral
Obturator

25
Q

What is the most common hernia type?

A

Indirect Inguinal hernia

26
Q

Indirect Inguinal Hernia

A

Passes through internal and external inguinal ring, through the patent process vaginalis and into the scrotum

27
Q

Where do Indirect Inguinal Hernias protrude?

A

Scrotum

28
Q

Direct Inguinal Hernia

A

Passes through a weakness in transversalis fascia in Hesselbach triangle

29
Q

Contents of hernias are usually?

A

Fat or bowel

30
Q

3 status of content types for hernias?

A
  • Reducible
  • Incarcerated
  • Strangulated
31
Q

3 status of content types for hernias?

A
  • Reducible
  • Incarcerated
  • Strangulated
32
Q

Hernia sac is soft and easy to replace

A

Reducible

33
Q

Hernia sac is firm and non-reducible

A

Incarcerated

34
Q

Hernia sac is firm, PAINFUL, and signs of systemic illness

A

Strangulated

35
Q

Reducible hernias treatment?

A

Outpatient surgery follow up

36
Q

Incarcerated hernias treatment?

A

Surgery consult

37
Q

Strangulated hernias treatment?

A

Straight to general surgery – emergency!

38
Q

Strangulated hernias have signs of systemic illness/obstruction/sepsis. Why?

A

Impaired blood flow usually

GI - 2 (61 decks)

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