Mycobacterium Tuberculosis-Shootout At The TB Corral Flashcards
What is the result of gram stain of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
None, because it is an acid fast
What does Mycobacterium Tuberculosis need to be stained with
Acid fast, aka carbol fuschien stain
What is the grown speed of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in culture
Very slow
What is the medium that is usually used to grow Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Lowenstein medium
What is the oxygen susceptibility of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Obligate aerobe
What is the reservoir and method of transmission for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Humans and transmitted via respiratory droplets from human to human
What are the virulence factors for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
- Cord factor
- Sulfatides
What is the virulence factor required for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis to be virulent
Cord factor
How does cord factor in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis work
-Increases granuloma formation by over expressing the levels of TNF production
What is the function of sulfatides produced by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Prevents the fusion of phagolysosomes, which prevents hydrolysis
What are the clinical symptoms seen during the primary infection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis,
- Low long fever
- Formation of GHON complexes in the lungs
- Cachexia (from TNF production)
What are the characteristics appearance of GHON complex on X-ray
Visual calcification, in the right middle lobe of the lung, with hilar lymph node involvement
What are the characteristics of the granulomas formed by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
Caseous necrotic granulomas, which are necrotic macrophages (aka Langerhans Giant cells)
What are the three possibilities of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis after the primary infection
- Healed latent infection
- Systemic/miliry TB infection
- Reactivated infection
What occurs during a miliary infection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
- Dissemination of the infection
- Multi organ failure
- Lethal
What is the usual cause of a latent Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection to reactivate
Immunosuppression, particularly the decrease in TNF production
What should always be done before administering infliximab
PPD test to check for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, since infliximab is a TNF down regular
What are the clinical presentations of a reactivated TB infection
- Night sweats
- Coughing
- hemoptysis (coughing up blood)
- XRay location of granulomas
What will be the X-ray finding of a reactivated Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection
-reactivation will show activity in the upper lobes of the lungs
What is the name of the disease when Mycobacterium Tuberculosis spreads to the bone
Potts disease
What is Potts disease and what are the clinical presentations
Dissemination of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis to the bone. Causes demineralization of bone from vertebra and bones, leading to bone and spinal weakness
What is the clinical presentation of dissemination of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis to the CNS
Meningitis or tuberculoma
What is the treatment for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
RIPE R-Rifampin I-Isoniazid P-Pyrazinamide E-Ethambutol
What is the prophylaxis for Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and how long is the treatment
RI
R-rifampin
I-Isoniazid
