Hepatitis B-Hep B Love Flashcards
What is the nucleic acid of Hepatitis B
Circular Double stranded DNA virus
What is the unique about the nucleic acid of the Hepatitis B virus
-Is partially double stranded normally, but becomes fully double stranded during replication
What is the location of replication for Hepatitis B
Both cytoplasmic and intranuclear replication
What is the state of envelope in Hepatitis B
Viral envelope is present
Which unique enzyme is brought along in Hepatitis B
Reverse transcriptase (SS DNA -> SS RNA -> DS DNA but does not integrate into host like other retroviruses)
How is Hepatitis B transmitted
Sex, sharing needles, vertical transmission, and blood products
How is Hepatitis B usually spread from mother to child
Via mixing of blood during childbirth, TORCH
What is the rate of Hepatitis B chronic infection in adults and how does this compare to children
10% in adults, 90% in newborns
What is the clinical presentation of infections with Hepatitis B
Rash with arthritis, hepatitis, poly arteritis nodosa (leads to polynephritis and kidney damage
What are the common kidney damages seen in Hepatitis B infections
Due to the poly arteritis nodosa
- Membranous glomerulosa nephritis
- Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Which liver enzyme is normally high in Hepatitis B infections
ALT is higher than AST
How is liver damage from hepatitis B and cirrhosis differntiated
Hepatitis B ALT > AST
Cirrhosis AST > ALT
When in a Hepatitis B infection will the ALT levels be normal
IN neonates and during the initial phase of HBV infection
What is the order of differen things seen in the blood during Hepatitis B infection
1) Surface antigen
2) Hep B E antigen
3) Anti-Hep B core Ab
4) Anti-surface antigen Ab
What Hepatitis B titer will show an active infection with Hepatitis B
Positive surface antigen test
What does the presence of Hepatitis B surface antigen indicate
Presence of an active infection
What does the presence of Hepatitis B E antigen signify
Correlates with how infectious an individual is
What is the first detectable antibody in Hepatitis B
Anti Hepatitis B core antibody
Detection of what in the blood indicates recovery and immunization against Hepatitis B
Anti-Hepatitis B surface protein antibody
What would not be expected to be present in a titer from an immunized patient against Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis B Surface antigen protein
- Hepatitis B E protein
What is the serious long term effect of Hepatitis B infections
Hepatocellular carcinoma
What are the requirements for Hep D infection
Requires Hepatitis B surface antigen to infect
What are the characteristics of Hep D
Circular, RNA virus, negative sense strand, enveloped
What are the treatments for Hepatitis B
- Lamivudine
- NRTIs
- Interferon alpha
