MSK: Part 8 Flashcards
Define fractures
- Soft tissue injury in which there is a break in the continuity of surface of substructure of the bone
Where do high energy injuries take place
Pelvic or femur fracture
What is the bone shaft in children called
Diaphysis
What is the peri-articular part of the bone called (ends of long bones)
Metaphysics
What is physics
Growth plate that has not fused
Blood supply of the epiphysis
Endoosteal and periosteal blood supply
Why is healing of bone better in children than adults
Children have an EXCELLENT PERIOSTEAL BLOOD SUPPLY so their rate of healing is MUCH HIGHER and is thus SIMPLE
More cancellous bone present in children which is softer - simple repair needed
Why are ligament damages in children very rare
They are extremely strong
Why do ligament injuries in children cause fractures
So strong - bone to bone
If they tear, they take the bone with it
Common fracture site in neonates
Humerus and clavicle due to fracture from birth
Common fracture site in infants
Radius
Common fracture site in children
Fibula, radius and femur
Common fracture site in adolescent
Tibia
What is an oblique fracture
Diagonal tear
What is a transverse fracture
Horizontal
What is a linear fracture
Vertical
What is a spiral fracture
Diagonal around the bone perimeter
What is a comminuted fracture
Section between bone is fragmented and separates the bone
What usually causes comminuted fracture
High energy impact
What causes a spiral fracture
Twisting injury
Where is an oblique fracture found
Ankle due to axial load injury
What age group is effected by greenstick fracture
SPECIFIC to children
What is a greenstick fracture
Unicortical fracture in which the bone bends and breaks due to thick periosteum
How easy is it to treat a greenstick fracture
EASILY because bone is not completely broken down