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Catawba Nuclear Station > Main Turbine(MT1) > Flashcards

Main Turbine(MT1) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the Main Turbine?

A

Converts the heat energy of the steam to kinetic energy and then work by rotating the turbine shaft(rotational energy)

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2
Q

What is the system designator for Turbine Exhaust?

A

TE

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3
Q

What is the system designator for Turbine Exhaust Hood Spary?

A

TS

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4
Q

What are the two types of turbine blades?

A
  1. Impulse Blades

2. Reaction Blades

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5
Q

What type of blading makes up the majority of the High Pressure and Low Pressure Turbine blading?

A

The HP and LP Turbines use mostly impulse blading, but there are some combination impulse/reaction blades.

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6
Q

What is the principle of operation for Impulse Blading?

A

Rotation is developed by the force of the steam impinging on the rotating blades.

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7
Q

What makes up a “stage” in a turbine?

A

A stage is a row of stationary nozzles and rotating blades.

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8
Q

What is the principle of operation for Impulse Blading?

A

Reaction blading uses the force of the steam exiting the blade to cause it to move. The low pressure turbines use some reaction blading, along with impulse blading.

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9
Q

What is the general flow path from the Main Steam Stop Valves to through the Low Pressure Turbine?

A

Equalization Header -> Stop Valves -> Steam Chest -> Control Valves -> Nozzle Blocks -> High Pressure Turbine -> MSRs -> Crossaround Pipes -> Combined Intermediate Valves -> Reheat Stop Valves -> Low Pressure Turbines.

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10
Q

How many High and Low Pressure Turbines are there?

A

1 - High Pressure Turbine

3 - Low Pressure Turbines

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11
Q

What does the term “Tandem” mean when describing the turbine configuration?

A

Tandem means that all four turbines share a common shaft.

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12
Q

What does the term “Compound” mean when describing the turbine configuration?

A

Compound means that the steam flows through HP Turbine and then the 3 LP Turbines in series.

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13
Q

What does the term “Double Flow” mean when describing the turbine configuration?

A

Double-flow means that the steam enters at the center of the turbine blading and travels towards both ends.

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14
Q

What are the purpose of the Slide Pads in relation to the Main Turbine?

A

Since the turbine components can expand and contract as the turbine is either heated or cooled down, slide pads are utilized to accommodate this expansion and contraction.

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15
Q

What is the design/purpose of the High Pressure Turbine?

A
  1. Single shell construction
  2. 4 nozzle blocks direct steam flow to the first stage blading
  3. Blading converts the kinetic energy of the steam into rotational work
  4. Extraction steam from the turbine supplies feedwater heating
  5. Exhausts to the Moisture Separator Reheater
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16
Q

What is the purpose of the Turbine Casing(Shell)?

A
  1. Confines and directs the steam
  2. Provides structural frame for the turbine
  3. Holds the stationary nozzle diaphragms so that they are sandwiched between the rotating bucket wheels without contacting the rotating parts.
  4. Supports the rotor
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17
Q

What is the purpose of the Shroud Bands?

A
  1. Support the steam buckets
  2. Contains the steam
  3. Dampen vibration
    * not used on the last stage of the LP Turbine*
18
Q

What is the design/purpose of the Low Pressure Turbine?

A
  1. Three parallel flow Low Pressure Turbines
  2. Has an inner and outer casing
  3. The outer casing supports the inner casing and directs exhaust steam to the main condenser
19
Q

What function to does the outer casing of the Low Pressure Turbine perform at the outlet of the inner casing?

A

The outer casing acts as the “Exhaust Hood” at the outlet of the inner casing, directing the steam from the last stage of the LP Turbine to the condenser.

20
Q

What is the purpose of the Diaphragms?

A

The Diaphragms are the curved passages which fit into the turbine shell and around the shaft and blades. They direct the flow of steam at the proper angle and velocity from stage to stage.

21
Q

What is the purpose of the Spill Strip Seals?

A
  1. Attached to the Casings

2. Prevent steam blow-by

22
Q

Where is the Front Standard and what components are contained in it?

A
  1. The Front Standard is located at the front of the High Pressure Turbine
  2. The Front Standard houses:
    A. Mechanical Overspeed Trip Device
    B. Lube Oil Gauges
    C. Manual Trip Handle
    D. Turbine Supervisory Instrumentation(vibration, eccentricity, shell/rotor expansion)
    E. Shaft Driven Oil Pump
23
Q

What is the purpose of the Turbine Stop Valves?

A
  1. Quickly shutoff steam to the main turbine in an emergency
  2. Act as an isolation valve between the Steam Generators and the main turbine
  3. Close in approximately 1/2 second
24
Q

What makes up the Steam Chest?

A

The outlet of the Turbine Stop Valves is welded to the inlet of the Turbine Control Valves. This portion of metal located between all 4 of each valve is called the Steam Chest.

25
Q

What is special about the #2 Turbine Stop Valve?

A

The #2 Turbine Stop Valve has an internal bypass to allow for chest and shell warming, as well as pressure equalization.

26
Q

What is the purpose of the Turbine Control Valves?

A
  1. Control steam to the main turbine
  2. Control speed when not tied to the grid
  3. Control load when tied to the grid
  4. Uses EHC system to provide operating fluid
27
Q

What is Partial Arc Admission?

A

Partial Arc Admission opens the Turbine Control Valves in a specific sequence, when turbine load increases. When load is increased more valves will open resulting increased efficiency at lower loads as there will be fewer throttling loses.

28
Q

When do each of the Turbine Control Valves open?

A
  1. Turbine Control Valve 1 and 2 open simultaneously on increasing load.
  2. When TCVs 1 and 2 are approximately 60% open(65% load) TCV #3 will begin to open.
  3. When TCV #3 is approximately 45% open(92% load) #4 TCV starts to open.
29
Q

What is the purpose of the Combined Intermediate Valves, and how many are there?

A
  1. The Combined Intermediate Valves protect the turbine against overspeed from the stored steam in the crossaround system(MSRs and piping), in the event of a load rejection.
  2. There are 6 total CIVs, two for each LP Turbine.
30
Q

What are the two components of the Combined Intermediate Valves?

A
  1. Reheat Stop Valve

2. Intercept Valve

31
Q

What is the purpose of the Reheat Stop Valves?

A

Quickly stops team coming from the Moisture Separator Reheaters following a turbine trip(EMERGENCY)

32
Q

What is the purpose of the Intercept Valves?

A

Protects the turbine and throttles steam flow to reduce speed when greater than 103% rated(PRE-EMERGENCY)

33
Q

Which Combined Intermediate Valves Intercept Valves are masters/slaves?

A

Master/Slave
1 / 4
2 / 6
3 / 5

34
Q

How do the Combined Intermediate Valve Intercept Valves operate in the master/slave relationship?

A
  1. The Slave valve will open when the Master is above 95% open.
  2. The Slave will go closed if the Master is less than 95% open.
  3. To control turbine overspeed:
    A. Master Intercept Valves begin to close at 103% speed.
    B. Slaves will go closed when master is less than 95% open.
    C. Control Valves will be fully closed at 103%
    D. Intercept Valves will throttle from 103% to 105%
    E. Mechanical Overspeed trip at 110%
    F. Electrical Overspeed trip at 111.5%
35
Q

What is the purpose of Exhaust Hood Spray?

A

Water from the outlet of the Hotwell Pumps is sprayed in the exhaust steam entering the Exhaust Hood of the Low Pressure Turbine and on the Exhaust Hood during low power operation to prevent any potential thermal distortion or warping.

36
Q

When does the Exhaust Hood Spray Valve start to open?

A

140F

37
Q

When is the Exhaust Hood Spray Valve fully open?

A

200F

38
Q

What is the purpose of the Low Pressure Turbine Rupture Diaphragms, and how many are there?

A
  1. The rupture diaphragms are a safety feature which protect the exhaust hood and condenser against excessive steam pressure in case condenser circulating water is lost for any reason.
  2. There are four for each LP Turbine Exhaust Hood
39
Q

When do the Low Pressure Turbine Rupture Discs rupture?

A

5psig/5psid

40
Q

What is the purpose of the Main Turbine Journal Bearings, and how many are there?

A
  1. The journal bearings support and confine the entire length and weight of the turbine generator shaft/rotor assembly.
  2. There are a total of 12 journal bearings: 8 bearings for the Main Turbine shaft, 2 bearings for the Generator, and 2 bearings for the Exciter.
41
Q

What is the purpose of the Main Turbine Thrust Bearing?

A

The thrust bearing ensures that the moving parts(turbine blades) do not come in contact with the stationary parts(nozzle blocks) through axial movement of the shaft.

42
Q

Where is the Main Turbine Thrust Bearing located?

A

The thrust bearing is located between the HP Turbine and 1st Low Pressure Turbine.

Catawba Nuclear Station (72 decks)

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