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LRA-225 Week 2 facial bone anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

which 2 facial bones are unpaired from the skull?

A

vomer and mandible

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2
Q

how many facial bones are in the skull?

A

14

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3
Q

how many maxillae bones are in the skull?

A

2

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4
Q

how many zygomatic bones are there in the skull?

A

2

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5
Q

how many lacrimal bones are in the skull?

A

2

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6
Q

how many nasal bones are in the skull?

A

2

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7
Q

how many inferior nasal concha bones are in the skull?

A

2

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8
Q

how many palatine bones are in the skull?

A

2

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9
Q

how many vomer bones are in the skull?

A

1

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10
Q

how many mandible bones are in the skull?

A

1

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11
Q

what is the largest immovable facial bone?

A

maxillary bone

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12
Q

what is the largest movable facial bone?

A

mandible

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13
Q

where do the maxillary bones unite?

A

midline below the nasal septum

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14
Q

what 3 cavities does the maxilla form?

A
  • mouth
  • nasal cavity
  • orbit
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15
Q

what are the 4 processes of the maxilla?

A
  • frontal process
  • zygomatic process
  • alveolar process
  • palatine process
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16
Q

what other structure does the maxillary bone have aside from the processes?

A

body

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17
Q

define acanthion

A

landmark where the nose and upper lip meet

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18
Q

define maxillary sinus

A
  • an air filled cavity in each body of the maxilla
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19
Q

in what view can you see the palatine process?

A

inferior view of the maxilla

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20
Q

what structure is located on the anterior portion of the roof of the mouth?

A
  • hard/bony palate
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21
Q

what type of joint are the 2 palatine processes?

A

synarthrodial joint/immovable

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22
Q

define cleft palate

A

congenital defect opening between the palatine processes that is caused by incomplete joining of the 2 bones

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23
Q

what bone forms the posterior part of the hard palate?

A

the horizontal portion of the palatine bones

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24
Q

what 2 cranial bones does the maxilla articulate with?

A

frontal and ethmoid

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25
Q

what 7 facial bones does the maxilla articulate with?

A
  • zygoma
  • lacrimal
  • nasal
  • palatine
  • inferior nasal concha
  • vomer
  • adjacent maxilla
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26
Q

what bone forms the prominence of the cheeks and make up the lower outer portion of the orbits?

A

zygomatic bones

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27
Q

define zygomatic arch

A

a delicate structure that sometimes is fractured or “caved in” by a blow to the cheek

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28
Q

what bone projects posteriorly from the zygoma that connects with the zygomatic process of the temporal bone

A

zygomatic arch

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29
Q

what 3 cranial bones does the zygoma articulate with?

A
  • frontal
  • sphenoid
  • temporal
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30
Q

what facial bone does the zygoma articulate with?

A

maxilla

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31
Q

what facial bones are the tinniest and most fragile?

A

lacrimal and nasal bones

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32
Q

what’s the origin of the term lacrimal

A
  • “tear”
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33
Q

true or false: Much of the nose is made up of cartilage, and only the two nasal bones form the bridge of the nose.

A

true

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34
Q

what 2 cranial bones does the lacrimal bone articulate with?

A

frontal and ethmoid

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35
Q

what 2 facial bones does the lacrimal bone articulate with?

A

maxilla and inferior nasal concha

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36
Q

what 2 cranial bones does the nasal articulate with?

A

frontal and ethmoid

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37
Q

what 2 facial bones does the nasal articulate with?

A

maxilla and adjacent nasal bone

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38
Q

what two bones project from the lateral walls of the nasal cavity on each side and extend medially?

A

inferior nasal conchae/turbinates

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39
Q

what are the 3 parts of the nasal conchae

A
  • superior
  • middle
  • inferior
40
Q

what is the purpose of the three nasal conchae?

A
  • to divide the nasal cavity into various compartments
  • break up or mix the flow of air coming into the nasal cavities before it reaches the lungs.
41
Q

the superior and middle nasal concha are part of the ____ bone

42
Q

the inferior nasal concha are separate _____ bones

43
Q

what structures in the ethmoid bone separate the cranium from the facial bones?

A
  • cribriform plate
  • crista galli
44
Q

what shape is the palatine bone?

45
Q

what cranial bone does the inferior nasal conchae articulate with?

46
Q

what 3 facial bones does the inferior nasal conchae articulate with?

A
  • maxilla
  • lacrimal
  • palatine
47
Q

what 2 cranial bones does the palatine articulate with?

A

sphenoid and ethmoid

48
Q

what 4 facial bones does the palatine articulate with?

A
  • maxilla
  • inferior nasal conchae
  • vomer
  • adjacent palatine
49
Q

what 2 bones forms the nasal septum?

A

ehtmoid and vomer

50
Q

define nasion

A

the point of junction of the two nasal bones with the frontal bone

51
Q

what bone is a thin, triangular bone that forms the inferoposterior part of the nasal septum

52
Q

what does the term vomer mean?

A

“plowshare”

53
Q

true or false: A severe deviation can entirely block the nasal passageway, making breathing through the nose impossible.

54
Q

what 2 cranial bones articulate with the vomer?

A

sphenoid and ethmoid

55
Q

what 2 bones (cranial and facial) does the vomer articulate with?

A
  • right parietal bones
  • left parietal bone
  • right maxillae
  • left maxilllae
56
Q

what cartilage does the vomer articulate with?

A

septal cartilage

57
Q

during childhood, how many bones make up the mandible?

58
Q

during adulthood, how many bones make up the mandible?

59
Q

what are the 2 parts of the mandible?

A

body and ramus

60
Q

what process, or ridge, extends along the entire superior portion of the body of the mandible.

A

alveolar process

61
Q

what is the union called where bodies of the mandible meet?

A

symphysis/symphysis menti

62
Q

what is the term of the chin that sticks outward?

A

mental protuberance

63
Q

what passes through the mental foramen?

A

passageway for the mental artery, vein, and mental nerve

64
Q

is the coronoid process anterior or posterior to the mandibular notch?

65
Q

is the condyloid process anterior or posterior to the mandibular notch?

66
Q

the condyle of the condyloid process fits into the TM fossa to form what joint?

67
Q

what is the only movable joint in the skull?

68
Q

what is the classification of the TMJ joint?

69
Q

what type of movement is the TMJ joint?

A
  • hinge and gliding movement
  • bicondylar joint
70
Q

what are the 2 types of fibrous joints located in the skull aside from the TMJ?

A
  • sutures
  • roots of the teeth and alveolar process of the maxillae and mandible
71
Q

how does the condyle in the mandible move when the mouth is opened?

A

moves forward to the front edge of the fossa

72
Q

what is the classification of the alveoli and roots of tooth?

73
Q

what is the subclass of the alveoli and roots of tooth?

74
Q

define paranasal sinuses

A
  • large air filled cavities
  • also called accessory nasal sinuses
75
Q

how many paranasal sinuses does the maxillary bone have?

76
Q

how many paranasal sinuses does the frontal bone have?

77
Q

how many paranasal sinuses does the ethmoid bone have?

78
Q

how many paranasal sinuses does the sphenoid have?

79
Q

what cavities are formed by the facial bones?

A
  • mouth
  • nasal
  • orbits
80
Q

what structures do the orbits contain?

A
  • vital organs of sight
  • nerves
  • blood vessels
81
Q

what shape are the orbits?

A

cone-shaped

82
Q

define the base of the orbit

A
  • rim of the orbit
  • outer circular potion of the bone
83
Q

is the base of the orbit a circle?

84
Q

define the apex of the orbit

A
  • posterior portion of the cone
  • houses the optic foramen (where nerves pass through)
85
Q

how can we view the optic foramen?

A

extend the patient’s chin by 30° and to rotate the head 37°

86
Q

how many bones are the orbits composed of?

A

7 bones
- 3 cranial
- 4 facial

87
Q

what are the 3 cranial bones that create the orbits?

A
  • frontal
  • sphenoid
  • ethmoid
88
Q

what are the 4 facial bones that create the orbits?

A
  • maxilla
  • zygoma
  • lacrimal
  • palatine
89
Q

how many holes/openings does the orbit have?

90
Q

list the three holes/openings in the orbit

A
  • optic foramen
  • superior orbital fissure
  • inferior orbital fissure
91
Q

what is the purpose of the holes in the orbits

A

provide passage for specific cranial nerves

92
Q

what nerve does the optic foramen allow passageway?

93
Q

what nerve does the superior orbital fissure allow passageway?

A

CN lll - CN Vl

94
Q

what nerve does the inferior orbital fissure allow passageway?

95
Q

what is the name of the small root of bone that separates the superior orbital fissure from the optic canal

A

sphenoid strut

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