Chapter 11 textbook exercises Flashcards
how many cranium bones are there?
8
how many facial bones are in the skull?
14
list the 4 cranial bones that form the calvaria/skullcap
- frontal
- occipital
- parietal
list the 4 cranial bones that forms the floor of the cranium
- sphenoid
- ethmoid
- temporal
the small horizontal plate of the ethmoid is called the
cribriform plate
the vertical plate of the ethmoid bone forming the upper portion of the bony nasal septum is the
perpendicular plate
a structure found in the middle of the sphenoid bone that surrounds the pituitary gland is the
sella turcica
the posterior aspect of the sella turcica is called the
dorsum sellae
which structure of the sphenoid bone allows for the passage of the optic nerve and is the actual opening into the orbit?
optic foramen
which structures of the sphenoid bone help to form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavities?
lateral/medial pterygoid process
which radiograph projection best demonstrates the sella turcica and dorsum sellae?
lateral
which aspect of the frontal bone forms the superior aspect of the orbit?
orbital/horizontal portion
cranial sutures are classified as being ____ joints
fibrous/synarthrodial
small irregular bones that sometimes develop in adult skull sutures are called ___ or ____ bones and are most frequently found in the _____ suture
sutural; wormian; lambdoidal
which term describes the superior rim of the orbit?
- SOM
- supraorbital margin
what is the name of the notch that separates the orbital plates from each other?
ethmoid notch
which cranial bones from the upper lateral walls of the calvarium?
parietal bones
which cranial bone contains the foramen magnum?
occipital
a small prominence located on the squamous portion of the occipital bone is called the
- inion
- external occipital protuberance
what is the name of the oval processes found on the occipital bone that help form the atlanto-occipital joint?
lateral condyles
list the 3 aspects of the temporal bone
- squamous
- mastoid
- petrous
true or false: the mastoid portion of the temporal bone is the densest of the three aspects of the temporal bone
false
which external landmark corresponds with the level of the petrous ridge?
top of the ear attachment (TEA)
which opening in the temporal bone serves as a passageway for nerves of hearing and equilibrium?
internal acoustic meatus
which aspect of the temporal bone is considered the densest?
petrous portion
which structure makes up the cartilaginous external ear?
aurcle/pinna
how long is the average external acoustic meatus (EAM)
1 inch
which small membrane marks the beginning of the middle ear?
tympanic membrane
what is the collective term for the small bones of the middle ear?
auditory ossicles
which structure allows for communication between the nasopharynx and the middle ear?
eustachian tube/auditory tube
what is the major function of the eustachian tube/auditory tube
equalize atmospheric pressure within the middle ear
which structures serves as an opening between the mastoid portion of the temporal bone and the middle ear?
aditus
what is the name of the thin plate of the bone that separates the mastoid air cells from the brain?
tegmen tympani
which of the auditory ossicle picks up sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane?
malleus
which of the auditory ossicles is considered the smallest?
stapes
which of the auditory ossicles resembles a premolar tooth?
incus
what is the name of the small membrane that connects the middle ear to the inner ear?
oval/vestibular window
which 2 sensory functions occur within the inner ear?
- hearing
- equilibrium
what is the name of the small membrane found at the base of the of the cochlea?
round/cochlear window
true or false: the semicircular canals include a closed system specific to the sense of hearing
false
define neoplasia
new and abnormal growth
define otosclerosis
hereditary disease involving excessive bone formation of the middle ear
define mastoiditis
bacterial infection of the mastoid process
define acoustic neuroma
benign tumor of the auditory nerve sheath
define polyp
growth arising from a mucous membrane
define cholesteatoma
benign, cystic mass or tumor of the middle ear
which of the following radiographic appearances pertains to an acoustic neuroma?
a. expansion of the internal acoustic canal
b. bone destruction within the middle ear
c. increased density int he sinus
d. sinus mucosal thickening
a. expansion of the internal acoustic canal
which of the following imaging modalities best demonstrates otosclerosis?
a. nuclear medicine
b. computed tomography (CT)
c. conventional radiography
d. sonography
b. computed tomography (CT)
