Chapter 11 textbook exercises

Question 1

how many cranium bones are there?

Answer 1

8

Question 2

how many facial bones are in the skull?

Answer 2

14

Question 3

list the 4 cranial bones that form the calvaria/skullcap

Answer 3

• frontal
• occipital
• parietal

Question 4

list the 4 cranial bones that forms the floor of the cranium

Answer 4

• sphenoid
• ethmoid
• temporal

Question 5

the small horizontal plate of the ethmoid is called the

Answer 5

cribriform plate

Question 6

the vertical plate of the ethmoid bone forming the upper portion of the bony nasal septum is the

Answer 6

perpendicular plate

Question 7

a structure found in the middle of the sphenoid bone that surrounds the pituitary gland is the

Answer 7

sella turcica

Question 8

the posterior aspect of the sella turcica is called the

Answer 8

dorsum sellae

Question 9

which structure of the sphenoid bone allows for the passage of the optic nerve and is the actual opening into the orbit?

Answer 9

optic foramen

Question 10

which structures of the sphenoid bone help to form part of the lateral walls of the nasal cavities?

Answer 10

lateral/medial pterygoid process

Question 11

which radiograph projection best demonstrates the sella turcica and dorsum sellae?

Answer 11

lateral

Question 12

which aspect of the frontal bone forms the superior aspect of the orbit?

Answer 12

orbital/horizontal portion

Question 13

cranial sutures are classified as being ____ joints

Answer 13

fibrous/synarthrodial

Question 14

small irregular bones that sometimes develop in adult skull sutures are called ___ or ____ bones and are most frequently found in the _____ suture

Answer 14

sutural; wormian; lambdoidal

Question 15

which term describes the superior rim of the orbit?

Answer 15

• SOM
• supraorbital margin

Question 16

what is the name of the notch that separates the orbital plates from each other?

Answer 16

ethmoid notch

Question 17

which cranial bones from the upper lateral walls of the calvarium?

Answer 17

parietal bones

Question 18

which cranial bone contains the foramen magnum?

Answer 18

occipital

Question 19

a small prominence located on the squamous portion of the occipital bone is called the

Answer 19

• inion
• external occipital protuberance

Question 20

what is the name of the oval processes found on the occipital bone that help form the atlanto-occipital joint?

Answer 20

lateral condyles

Question 21

list the 3 aspects of the temporal bone

Answer 21

• squamous
• mastoid
• petrous

Question 22

true or false: the mastoid portion of the temporal bone is the densest of the three aspects of the temporal bone

Answer 22

false

Question 23

which external landmark corresponds with the level of the petrous ridge?

Answer 23

top of the ear attachment (TEA)

Question 24

which opening in the temporal bone serves as a passageway for nerves of hearing and equilibrium?

Answer 24

internal acoustic meatus

Question 25

which aspect of the temporal bone is considered the densest?

Answer 25

petrous portion

Question 26

which structure makes up the cartilaginous external ear?

Answer 26

aurcle/pinna

Question 27

how long is the average external acoustic meatus (EAM)

Answer 27

1 inch

Question 28

which small membrane marks the beginning of the middle ear?

Answer 28

tympanic membrane

Question 29

what is the collective term for the small bones of the middle ear?

Answer 29

auditory ossicles

Question 30

which structure allows for communication between the nasopharynx and the middle ear?

Answer 30

eustachian tube/auditory tube

Question 31

what is the major function of the eustachian tube/auditory tube

Answer 31

equalize atmospheric pressure within the middle ear

Question 32

which structures serves as an opening between the mastoid portion of the temporal bone and the middle ear?

Answer 32

aditus

Question 33

what is the name of the thin plate of the bone that separates the mastoid air cells from the brain?

Answer 33

tegmen tympani

Question 34

which of the auditory ossicle picks up sound vibrations from the tympanic membrane?

Answer 34

malleus

Question 35

which of the auditory ossicles is considered the smallest?

Answer 35

stapes

Question 36

which of the auditory ossicles resembles a premolar tooth?

Answer 36

incus

Question 37

what is the name of the small membrane that connects the middle ear to the inner ear?

Answer 37

oval/vestibular window

Question 38

which 2 sensory functions occur within the inner ear?

Answer 38

• hearing
• equilibrium

Question 39

what is the name of the small membrane found at the base of the of the cochlea?

Answer 39

round/cochlear window

Question 40

true or false: the semicircular canals include a closed system specific to the sense of hearing

Answer 40

false

Question 41

define neoplasia

Answer 41

new and abnormal growth

Question 42

define otosclerosis

Answer 42

hereditary disease involving excessive bone formation of the middle ear

Question 43

define mastoiditis

Answer 43

bacterial infection of the mastoid process

Question 44

define acoustic neuroma

Answer 44

benign tumor of the auditory nerve sheath

Question 45

define polyp

Answer 45

growth arising from a mucous membrane

Question 46

define cholesteatoma

Answer 46

benign, cystic mass or tumor of the middle ear

Question 47

which of the following radiographic appearances pertains to an acoustic neuroma?
a. expansion of the internal acoustic canal
b. bone destruction within the middle ear
c. increased density int he sinus
d. sinus mucosal thickening

Answer 47

a. expansion of the internal acoustic canal

Question 48

which of the following imaging modalities best demonstrates otosclerosis?
a. nuclear medicine
b. computed tomography (CT)
c. conventional radiography
d. sonography

Answer 48

b. computed tomography (CT)