LRA-220 Week 1 Extra Flashcards
how many phalanges are in the foot?
14 phalanges
how many phalanx does the Hallux (Big Toe) have?
2 phalanges (Distal and Proximal)
How many tarsals are in the foot?
7 tarsals
Name all 7 tarsals in the foot-
- Talus
- Calcaneus
- Cuboid
- Medial / 1st cuneiform
- Intermediate / 2nd cuneiform
- Lateral / 3rd cuneiform
- Navicular
How many sesamoid bones does the foot have?
2
where are the 2 sesamoid bones located?
- both located below dthe hallux
- one is medial, the other is lateral to the Hallux
Define Mortise
- a socket formed by the tibia and fibula
- the socket holds the talus bone, creating the ankle joint
which part of the tarsal is common for injuries
- tuberosity of the calcaneus
true or false: all articulating surfaces articulate with a tarsal bone
- true
what does MTP stand for?
metatarsophalangeal
what does TMT stand for?
tarsometatarsal
how many metatarsals are in the foot?
5
how many bones overall are in the foot?
26
what are the three parts of a metatarsal bone?
distal - head
middle - body / shaft
proximal - base
What does the 5th metatarsal have on its lateral side that creates that bump?
- tuberosity
what part of the metatarsal is a common site for injuries?
- tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal
how many phalanges does digits 2-5 have?
- 3 phalanges each
- distal, middle, proximal
true or false: sesamoid bone fractures are common and can e very painful and cause discomfort
true
define calcaneus
- heel bone
- largest tarsal bone
- lateral side
- contains process (medial and lateral process)
what’s the purpose for the medial and lateral processes on the calcaneus?
- area where tendons attach to
define Talus
- 2nd largest tarsal bone
- body weight is transmitted to this bone
- medial side
define Navicular
- located between talus and the 3 cuneiforms
define cuboid
- located on the lateral aspect of the foot
- “cubed” shaped
define longitudinal arch
- the arch seen on the foot when we are erected
- arch going from front to back / vice versa
define transverse arch
- the arch that goes across our foot from left to right / vice versa
what’s the purpose of arches?
they provide strong / shock absorbing support for the weight of the body
define tibial plafond (ceiling) / tibial epiphyseal plate
- distal tibial joint surface that forms the roof of the ankle
- common fractures in children and youth
define the axial view of the Ankle joint
- view is seen from bottom to top
- demonstrates the concave inferior surface of the tibia (tibial plafond)
- lateral and medial malleoli are also shown
What type of joint is the ankle?
- Synovial joint -> Sellar Type
define sprained ankle
- lateral stress
- stretched / torn ligaments
- increases parts of the mortise joint space
