LRA-220 Week 3 Review

Question 1

A study of a prosthetic hip demonstrates that the end of the prosthesis is cut off on the AP projection, but the entire device is demonstrated on the lateral projection. What should the technologist do next?

Answer 1

Repeat the AP only

Question 2

A radiograph of an AP pelvis demonstrates that the right obturator foramen is foreshortened but the left foramen is open. Which one of the following positioning errors is present on this radiograph?

Answer 2

Rotation to the right

Question 3

Which of the following conditions will produce shortening of the epiphyses but widening of the epiphyseal plate?

Answer 3

Slipped capital femur

Question 4

A nontrauma patient comes to radiology with a history of chronic pain of the right hip. The patient is ambulatory (walking around) but has not had previous radiographs taken of that hip. Which of the following routines would be best suited for this patient?

Answer 4

AP and frog leg

Question 5

Where is the CR centered for an AP pelvis projection?

Answer 5

Between ASIS and the symphysis pubis

Question 6

To minimize distortion of the femoral neck for an AP bilateral frog-leg projection, the lower limbs should be abducted:

Answer 6

20-30 degrees from vertical

Question 7

What type of CR angle is required for the AP axial “outlet” projection for a male patient?

Answer 7

20-35 degrees cephalad

Question 8

Should you shield during pelvis? (Textbook)

Answer 8

Yes

Question 9

Define Metastatic carcinoma

Answer 9

• malignancy spreads to the bone via the circulatory system or lymphatic system, or by direct invasion.
• more common than primary malignancies
• Bones that contain red bone marrow are the more common metastatic sites (spine, skull, ribs, pelvis, and femora).

Question 10

define Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 10

• first effect demonstrated is fusion of the sacroiliac joints.
• The disease causes extensive calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the spinal column.
• progressive, working up the vertebral column and creating a radiographic characteristic known as bamboo spine
• Males are most often affected

Question 11

define Osteoarthritis

Answer 11

• degenerative joint disease (DJD)
• degeneration of joint cartilage and adjacent bone causing pain and stiffness
• most common type of arthritis
• It is common in weight-bearing joints such as the hips
• As the condition worsens, joints become less mobile, and new growths of cartilage and bone are seen as osteophytes (bony outgrowths).

Question 12

define Chondrosarcoma

Answer 12

• malignant tumor of the cartilage
• usually occurs in the pelvis and long bones of men older than 45 years.

Question 13

define Congenital dislocation of hip

Answer 13

• Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)
• hip dislocations are caused by conditions present at birth and may require frequent hip radiographs

Question 14

define Pelvic ring fracture

Answer 14

• a severe blow or trauma to one side of the pelvis may result in a fracture opposite from the site of primary trauma
• contrecoup injury.

Question 15

define Avulsion fracture

Answer 15

• These fractures cause extreme pain and are difficult to diagnose if not imaged properly.
• Fractures occur in adolescent athletes who experience sudden, forceful, or unbalanced contraction of the tendinous and muscular attachments
• Ex.) running hurdles
• The force of the tendons and muscles sliding over the tuberosities, ASIS, anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS), superior corner of the symphysis pubis, and iliac crest may cause avulsion fractures.