LRA-213 Week 2 Chapter 10 Flashcards
what is the main function of the bony thorax?
serves as an expandable, bellows-like chamber, wherein the interior capacity expands during inspiration and contracts during expiration
what structures are part of the bony thorax?
- sternum
- thoracic vertebrae
- 12 pairs of ribs
what is another function of the bony thorax?
protect important organs of the respiratory system and vital structures within the mediastinum, such as the heart and great vessels
what type of bone is the sternum?
flat bone
what are the different structures in the sternum?
- manubrium
- body
- xiphoid process
what is the length of an adult sternum?
7 inches (18 cm)
what is the sternum composed of?
highly vascular cancellous tissue covered by a thin layer of compact bone.
what bone is a common site for marrow biopsy?
sternum
what is the upper portion of the sternum called?
manubrium
what is the middle/long portion of the sternum called?
body
what is the lower/smaller portion of the sternum?
xiphoid process
At birth, the body of the sternum is separated in -
four separate segments
when is the union of the four segments of the sternum completed?
25 years old
how many ribs are there?
12 pairs
what are true ribs?
ribs that connect directly to the sternum by costocartilage
which ribs are true ribs?
1-7
what are false ribs?
- ribs that indirectly connect to the sternum
- all false ribs connect to the sternum through the costocartilage that’s attached to rib 7
which ribs are false ribs?
8,9,10
what are floating ribs?
ribs that do not connect to the sternum nor costocartilage
which ribs are floating ribs?
11 and 12
what are the structures if a rib?
- vertebral end
- sternal end
- shaft
- head
- neck
- tubercle
- angle
- facets
how many ends does a rib have?
2
what are the 2 ends of a rib?
- vertebral/posterior end
- sternal/anterior end
the vertebral/posterior end articulates with the-
thoracic vertebrae
the sternal/anterior end articulates with the-
costocartilage
the head of the rib articulates with -
one or two thoracic vertebral bodies
the tubercle of the rib articulates with the-
transverse process
the posterior/vertebra end of the rib is ______ higher than the anterior/sternal end of the rib
3-5 inches (8-13 cm)
inside margin, which contains the blood vessels and nerves, is termed the -
costal groove
the costal groove of each rib protects an-
artery, vein and nerve
which portion of the ribs are short, broad and are the most vertical?
the first ribs
as the ribs go lower the structure of the ribs get -
longer until the 7th rib
after the 7th rib, the size of the ribs get -
shorter and shorter
___ ribs are most sharply curved
first
The bony thorax is typically widest at the lateral margins of the-
8th or 9th ribs
The uppermost border of the manubrium has a slightly notched area between the two clavicles, and is easy to visualize and palpate. this term is called-
jugular notch
what are other names for jugular notch?
- suprasternal notch
- manubrial notch
the jugular notch is located at -
the level of T2-T3
The lower end of the manubrium joins the body of the sternum to form a palpable prominence, the sternal angle. The joint is called-
manubriosternal joint
the sternal angle is at the level of-
T4-T5
the xiphoid process is at the level of-
T9-T10
Each clavicle articulates medially with the manubrium of the sternum at the clavicular notch called the-
sternoclavicular joint (SC joint)
costotransverse joints are found in all of the ribs except for ribs-
11 and 12
