LRA-213 Week 2 Chapter 10

Question 1

what is the main function of the bony thorax?

Answer 1

serves as an expandable, bellows-like chamber, wherein the interior capacity expands during inspiration and contracts during expiration

Question 2

what structures are part of the bony thorax?

Answer 2

• sternum
• thoracic vertebrae
• 12 pairs of ribs

Question 3

what is another function of the bony thorax?

Answer 3

protect important organs of the respiratory system and vital structures within the mediastinum, such as the heart and great vessels

Question 4

what type of bone is the sternum?

Answer 4

flat bone

Question 5

what are the different structures in the sternum?

Answer 5

• manubrium
• body
• xiphoid process

Question 6

what is the length of an adult sternum?

Answer 6

7 inches (18 cm)

Question 7

what is the sternum composed of?

Answer 7

highly vascular cancellous tissue covered by a thin layer of compact bone.

Question 8

what bone is a common site for marrow biopsy?

Answer 8

sternum

Question 9

what is the upper portion of the sternum called?

Answer 9

manubrium

Question 10

what is the middle/long portion of the sternum called?

Answer 10

body

Question 11

what is the lower/smaller portion of the sternum?

Answer 11

xiphoid process

Question 12

At birth, the body of the sternum is separated in -

Answer 12

four separate segments

Question 13

when is the union of the four segments of the sternum completed?

Answer 13

25 years old

Question 14

how many ribs are there?

Answer 14

12 pairs

Question 15

what are true ribs?

Answer 15

ribs that connect directly to the sternum by costocartilage

Question 16

which ribs are true ribs?

Answer 16

1-7

Question 17

what are false ribs?

Answer 17

• ribs that indirectly connect to the sternum
• all false ribs connect to the sternum through the costocartilage that’s attached to rib 7

Question 18

which ribs are false ribs?

Answer 18

8,9,10

Question 19

what are floating ribs?

Answer 19

ribs that do not connect to the sternum nor costocartilage

Question 20

which ribs are floating ribs?

Answer 20

11 and 12

Question 21

what are the structures if a rib?

Answer 21

• vertebral end
• sternal end
• shaft
• head
• neck
• tubercle
• angle
• facets

Question 22

how many ends does a rib have?

Answer 22

2

Question 23

what are the 2 ends of a rib?

Answer 23

• vertebral/posterior end
• sternal/anterior end

Question 24

the vertebral/posterior end articulates with the-

Answer 24

thoracic vertebrae

Question 25

the sternal/anterior end articulates with the-

Answer 25

costocartilage

Question 26

the head of the rib articulates with -

Answer 26

one or two thoracic vertebral bodies

Question 27

the tubercle of the rib articulates with the-

Answer 27

transverse process

Question 28

the posterior/vertebra end of the rib is ______ higher than the anterior/sternal end of the rib

Answer 28

3-5 inches (8-13 cm)

Question 29

inside margin, which contains the blood vessels and nerves, is termed the -

Answer 29

costal groove

Question 30

the costal groove of each rib protects an-

Answer 30

artery, vein and nerve

Question 31

which portion of the ribs are short, broad and are the most vertical?

Answer 31

the first ribs

Question 32

as the ribs go lower the structure of the ribs get -

Answer 32

longer until the 7th rib

Question 33

after the 7th rib, the size of the ribs get -

Answer 33

shorter and shorter

Question 34

___ ribs are most sharply curved

Answer 34

first

Question 35

The bony thorax is typically widest at the lateral margins of the-

Answer 35

8th or 9th ribs

Question 36

The uppermost border of the manubrium has a slightly notched area between the two clavicles, and is easy to visualize and palpate. this term is called-

Answer 36

jugular notch

Question 37

what are other names for jugular notch?

Answer 37

• suprasternal notch
• manubrial notch

Question 38

the jugular notch is located at -

Answer 38

the level of T2-T3

Question 39

The lower end of the manubrium joins the body of the sternum to form a palpable prominence, the sternal angle. The joint is called-

Answer 39

manubriosternal joint

Question 40

the sternal angle is at the level of-

Answer 40

T4-T5

Question 41

the xiphoid process is at the level of-

Answer 41

T9-T10

Question 42

Each clavicle articulates medially with the manubrium of the sternum at the clavicular notch called the-

Answer 42

sternoclavicular joint (SC joint)

Question 43

costotransverse joints are found in all of the ribs except for ribs-

Answer 43

11 and 12