LRA-224 review

Question 1

what type of curvature is the lumbar spine?

Answer 1

lordotic

Question 2

what type of curvature is the sacral?

Answer 2

kyphotic

Question 3

what type of curvature is the coccyx?

Answer 3

lordotic

Question 4

what angle do you need to view the upper portion of the lumbar spine?

Answer 4

50 degrees

Question 5

what angle do you need to view the lower portion of the lumbar spine?

Answer 5

30 degrees

Question 6

what angle do we use to see the overall zygapophyseal joints in the lumbar spine?

Answer 6

45 degree

Question 7

what angle do we use to view the zygapophyseal joints of the thoracic spine?

Answer 7

70-75 degree

Question 8

what angle do we use the to view the zygapophyseal joints of the cervical spine?

Answer 8

90 degree

Question 9

what angle do we use to view the zygapophyseal joints of the sacroiliac joints?

Answer 9

30 degree

Question 9

what lumbar joint do you view with an RPO?

Answer 9

right joints

Question 10

what lumbar joint do you view with an LPO?

Answer 10

left joints

Question 11

what lumbar joint do you view with an RAO?

Answer 11

left joints

Question 12

what lumbar joint do you view with an LAO?

Answer 12

right joints

Question 13

what is the classification of the zygapophyseal joints?

Answer 13

synovial

Question 14

what mobility type is the zygapophyseal joint?

Answer 14

diarthrodial

Question 15

what is the movement type of the zygapophyseal joint?

Answer 15

plane/gliding

Question 16

what is the classification of the intervertebral joints?

Answer 16

cartilaginous/symphysis

Question 17

what is the mobility type of the intervertebral joints?

Answer 17

amphiarthrodial (sightly movable)

Question 18

what is the movement type of the intervertebral joints?

Answer 18

none

Question 19

what is the landmark of the xiphoid tip?

Answer 19

T9-10

Question 20

what is the landmark of the lower costal margin?

Answer 20

L2-3

Question 21

what is the landmark of the iliac crest?

Answer 21

L4-5

Question 22

what is the landmark of the ASIS?

Answer 22

S1-2

Question 23

what is the landmark of the symphysis pubis?

Answer 23

greater trochanter of the femur

Question 24

what joints are viewed in the lumbar spine when positioning for a lateral lumbar spine?

Answer 24

intervertebral foramen

Question 25

what is the CR for an AP lumbar spine?

Answer 25

• L3
• 1.5 inch above the iliac crest

Question 26

what anatomy must be demonstrated in an AP lumbar spine?

Answer 26

• T12 to S1 must be included
• no rotation
• vertebral bodies
• intervertebral disk joints
• spinous/transverse process
• Sacroiliac joints
• sacrum

Question 27

what is the CR for an oblique lumbar spine?

Answer 27

• L3
• 1-2 inches above the iliac crest
• 2 inches medial to upside ASIS

Question 28

what anatomy must be demonstrated in an olblique lumbar spine?

Answer 28

• LPO/RPO = L1-4 downside z-joints. Scottie dog visible
• LAO/RAO = L1-4 upside z-joints. Scottie dog visible

Question 29

what is the CR for a lateral lumbar spine?

Answer 29

• L3
• 1.5 inches above iliac crest

Question 30

what anatomy must be demonstrated in a lateral lumbar spine?

Answer 30

• L1-4 vertebral bodies
• intervertebral joints
• intervertebral foramina
• spinous process

Question 31

what is the CR for a spot lateral lumbar spine?

Answer 31

• 1.5 inches inferior to iliac crest
• 2 inches posterior to ASIS

Question 32

what anatomy is demonstrated in a lateral lumbar spine?

Answer 32

• open L5-S1 vertebral bodies
• intervertebral joint spaces
• intervertebral foramina

Question 33

why is it important to flex the knees in an AP lumbar spine?

Answer 33

to get rid of the curvature of the lumbar spine from the IR