Chapter 4 Flashcards
The lethal dose required to kill 50% of the population in 30 days is the definition of
LD 50/30
what are the types of acute radiation syndromes?
- Bone marrow syndrome
- Gastrointestinal (GI) tract syndrome
- Central Nervous System (CNS) syndrome
define hemopoietic
- development of blood cells
For the acute radiation syndrome, in the 100-1,000 R range, death is mostly the result of damage to the _____ system.
hemopoietic
what are the stages of acute radiation?
- Prodromal
- Latent
- Manifest
- Death or recovery
define the prodromal stage
- the person experiences nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. (NVD syndrome)
define the latent stage
- the person appears to be symptom-free.
define the manifest stage
the person becomes noticeably ill and shows signs and symptoms of the specific syndrome reflecting the organ system which is damaged
define chromatid aberrations
- During the S-phase, a chromosome duplicates itself, creating sister chromatids
- Occurs after DNA synthesis
define chromosomal aberrations
- Occurs before DNA synthesis
- Both daughter cells inherit a damaged chromatid
what are 2 types of chromosomal aberrations
- single break damage
- double break damage
define single break damage
- chromosomal aberration
- Chromosome arm is broken off
- Deletion - arm does not reattach itself
- Inversion - inverts and reattaches itself
- Duplication - attaches itself to a different chromosome
define double break damage
- chromosomal aberrations
- Two portions of a chromosome are broken off
- interstitial deletion - both broken pieces do not reattach
- Inversion - if both pieces reattach themselves
- Duplication - if one or both arms attach to a different chromosome
- Translocation - two chromosomes exchange pieces
define Radiation cataractogenesis
formation of cataracts formed by radiation
define alopecia
hair loss
define Erythema
redness of the skin
define Desquamation
peeling of the skin
define Inflammation
swelling and reddening of the skin
define Atrophy
shrinking of the tissue or organ
