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:] > LRA-219 Week 3 Extra > Flashcards

LRA-219 Week 3 Extra Flashcards

1
Q

What type of CR angle must be used for an AP axial (Taylor method) “outlet” projection for a male patient?
a. 20 to 35 degrees caudad
b. 15 to 20 degrees cephalad
c. 20 to 35 degrees cephalad
d. 0 degrees (CR perpendicular to the image receptor)

A

c. 20 to 35 degrees cephalad

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2
Q

How much rotation of the body is required for posterior axial oblique projection (Teufel method)?
a. 45 degrees
b. 35 to 40 degrees
c. 60 to 70 degrees
d. 25 to 30 degrees

A

b. 35 to 40 degrees

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3
Q

What type of CR angle is required for the posterior axial oblique projection (Teufel method)?
a. 12 degrees cephalad
b. 10 degrees cephalad
c. 20 to 25 degrees caudad
d. 15 degrees cephalad

A

a. 12 degrees cephalad

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4
Q

T/F: The posterior oblique (Judet method) for the acetabulum requires a 10 to 15 degree rotation of the body.

A

False

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5
Q

T/F: Only a small part of the lesser trochanter, if any, will be visible on a well-positioned axiolateral (inferosuperior) lateral hip.

A

True

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6
Q

T/F: The image receptor must be placed parallel to the femoral neck for the axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection of the hip.

A

True

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7
Q

Which of the following projections would be best for a patient with limited movement of both lower limbs (in addition to the AP pelvis)?
a. Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama method)
b. Axiolateral (inferosuperior)
c. Anterior oblique (Teufel method)
d. AP axial (Taylor method)

A

a. Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama method)

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8
Q

The proper name of the method used for the unilateral frog-leg projection is the _____ method.
a. Danelius-Miller
b. Modified Cleaves
c. Teufel
d. Taylor

A

b. Modified Cleaves

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9
Q

What CR angle is required for the AP axial, inlet projection?
a. 30 degrees cephalad
b. 10 to 15 degrees cephalad
c. 20 to 30 degrees caudad
d. 40 degrees caudad

A

d. 40 degrees caudad

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10
Q

Which of the following structures is not an aspect of the proximal femur?
a. Intertrochanteric crest
b. Fovea capitis
c. Obturator foramen
d. Lesser trochanter

A

c. Obturator foramen

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11
Q

Which of the following structures is considered to be most inferior or distal?
a. Fovea capitis
b. Lesser trochanter
c. Neck
d. Greater trochanter

A

b. Lesser trochanter

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12
Q

Why must the lower limb be rotated 15 to 20 degrees internally for AP hip projections?
a. To separate the greater trochanter from the lesser trochanter
b. To place the fovea capitis into a profiled position
c. To open up the femoroacetabular joint
d. To place the femoral neck parallel to the image receptor

A

d. To place the femoral neck parallel to the image receptor

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13
Q

T/F: The term pelvic girdle refers to the total pelvis including the sacrum and coccyx.

A

False

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14
Q

Which bones fuse to form the acetabulum?
a. Ischium and pubis
b. Ilium and ischium
c. Pubis, ilium, and sacrum
d. Ischium, pubis, and ilium

A

d. Ischium, pubis, and ilium

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15
Q

Which of the following bony structures cannot be palpated?
a. Ischial spine
b. ASIS
c. Ischial tuberosity
d. Symphysis pubis

A

a. Ischial spine

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16
Q

Which bone of the pelvic girdle forms the anterior inferior aspect?
a. Ilium
b. Ischium
c. Pubis
d. Sacrum

A

c. Pubis

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17
Q

The lesser sciatic notch is an aspect of the:
a. ilium
b. ischium
c. sacrum
d. pubis

A

b. ischium

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18
Q

The sacroiliac joints are classified as ____ joints with ____ mobility.
a. cartilaginous; amphiarthrodial
b. synovial; amphiarthrodial
c. cartilaginous; synarthrodial
d. fibrous; amphiarthrodial

A

b. synovial; amphiarthrodial

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19
Q

The symphysis pubis provides limited movement during pelvic trauma and during:
a. walking and running
b. flexing and extending
c. labor and delivery
d. voiding

A

c. labor and delivery

20
Q

The two bony landmarks that are palpated using the hip localization method are the:
a. Ischial spine and the symphysis pubis.
b. Symphysis pubis and the greater trochanter.
c. ASIS and the crest of ilium.
d. ASIS and the symphysis pubis.

A

d. ASIS and the symphysis pubis.

21
Q

Using the hip localization method, the femoral head can be located:
a. 1 inch (2.5 cm) below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony landmarks
b. 1 1/2 inches (4 cm) below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony landmarks
c. 2 1/2 inches (6 to 7 cm) below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony landmarks
d. at the level of the symphysis pubis.

A

b. 1 1/2 inches (4 cm) below the midpoint of the imaginary line between the two bony landmarks

22
Q

Select the correct gender to correspond with the following pelvic characteristics. More oval or heart-shaped pelvic inlet:
a. Male
b. Female

A

a. Male

23
Q

Select the correct gender to correspond with the following pelvic characteristics. Wider and shallow general shape of pelvis:
a. Male
b. Female

A

b. Female

23
Q

Select the correct gender to correspond with the following pelvic characteristics. Obtuse angle of pubic arch:
a. Male
b. Female

A

b. Female

23
Q

Select the correct gender to correspond with the following pelvic characteristics. Narrower, deeper general shape of pelvis:
a. Male
b. Female

A

a. Male

23
Q

Select the correct gender to correspond with the following pelvic characteristics. Round and large pelvic inlet:
a. Male
b. Female

A

b. Female

24
Q

Select the correct gender to correspond with the following pelvic characteristics. Acute angle of pubic arch:
a. Male
b. Female

A

a. Male

25
Q

Gonadal shielding of the male patient for the AP pelvis projection requires that the top of the shield is not extend above the level of the:
a. ASIS
b. ischial spine
c. inferior margin of the symphysis pubis
d. none of the above; gonadal shielding cannot be used due to possible covering of pertinent anatomy

A

c. inferior margin of the symphysis pubis

26
Q

A common condition of the femur that develops in elderly patients, leading to frequent fractures of the hip (proximal femur):
a. Congenital hip dysplasia.
b. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
c. Avascular necrosis
d. Developmental dysplasia of the hip

A

c. Avascular necrosis

27
Q

Which of the following conditions will produce the radiographic sign referred to as “bamboo spine”?
a. Osteoarthritis
b. Chondrosarcoma
c. Metastatic carcinoma
d. Ankylosing spondylitis

A

d. Ankylosing spondylitis

28
Q

Which of the following pathologic conditions often occurs in males older than the age of 45 years?
a. Developmental dysplasia of the hip
b. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
c. Chondrosarcoma
d. Osteoporosis

A

c. Chondrosarcoma

29
Q

Which of the following pathologic conditions is a common type of aseptic or ischemic necrosis?
a. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
b. Ankylosing spondylitis
c. Metastatic carcinoma
d. Osteoarthritis

A

a. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease

30
Q

Which of the following conditions will produce shortening of the epiphyses but widening of the epiphyseal plate?
a. Osteoarthritis
b. Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
c. Slipped capital femur
d. Chondrosarcoma

A

c. Slipped capital femur

31
Q

T/F: Gonadal shielding should be used on both males and females of childbearing age for AP hip projections, if correctly placed.

A

True

32
Q

Where is the CR placed for an AP projection of the pelvis?
a. 1 inch (2.5 cm) above the symphysis pubis
b. At the level of the ASIS
c. At the level of the iliac crest
d. Midway between the ASIS and the symphysis pubis

A

d. Midway between the ASIS and the symphysis pubis

33
Q

What is the amount of abduction of the femurs recommended for an AP bilateral frog-leg projection?
a. 10 to 15 degrees
b. 50 to 60 degrees
c. 40 to 45 degrees
d. 90 degrees

A

c. 40 to 45 degrees

34
Q

Which of the following positions will best demonstrate signs of developmental dysplasia of the hip?
a. Posterior oblique (Judet method)
b. Axiolateral, inferosuperior (Danelius-Miller method)
c. Taylor method
d. Bilateral frog-leg method

A

d. Bilateral frog-leg method

35
Q

Which of the following positions will best demonstrate the posterior (ilioischial) column and anterior (iliopubic) column of the pelvis?
a. Posterior oblique (Judet method)
b. AP axial (Taylor method)
c. RPO and LPO projections
d. Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama method)

A

a. Posterior oblique (Judet method)

36
Q

Which one of the following projections will best demonstrate a lateral oblique view of the femoral head and neck for the patient with limited movement in both lower limbs?
a. Teufel
b. Axiolateral (inferosuperior) projection
c. AP axial (Taylor)
d. Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama)

A

d. Modified axiolateral (Clements-Nakayama)

37
Q

A radiograph of an AP pelvis reveals that the left obturator foramen is more open or elongated as compared with the right. What is the specific positioning error present on this radiograph?
a. Left rotation
b. Right rotation
c. Left tilt
d. Incorrect CR centering or angulation

A

b. Right rotation

38
Q

T/F: Generally, gonadal shielding for females cannot be used for an initial AP pelvis for pelvic trauma due to the possibility of covering pertinent anatomy.

A

True

39
Q

T/F: Less abduction of femora of only 20 to 30 degrees from vertical provides for the least foreshortening of femoral necks when performing the AP bilateral “frog-leg” projection.

A

True

40
Q

T/F: If a patient has excessive external rotation of one foot, a fractured hip may be indicated.

A

True

41
Q

Which of the following imaging modalities will best detect early signs of bone infection of the pelvis?
a. Radiography
b. CT
c. Nuclear medicine
d. MRI

A

c. Nuclear medicine

42
Q

Which of the following projections requires that the IR be tilted 15 degrees from the vertical plane?
a. AP axial inlet projection
b. Axiolateral inferosuperior projection (Danelius-Miller method)
c. Modified axiolateral projection (Clements-Nakayama method)
d. Posterior axial oblique projection (Teufel method)

A

c. Modified axiolateral projection (Clements-Nakayama method)

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