Lab Practical 3 Flashcards
ID nasal cavity on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the nasal cavity?
Inside the head, deep, the cavity that the nose leads to
ID the hard palate on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the hard palate?
Top of the mouth, closer to the front and bony/cartilaginous looking
ID the nares/naris on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the nares/naris?
The nostril holes
ID the pharynx on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the pharynx?
The first of the tubes. Near the back of the mouth, between nose and mouth essentially
ID the larynx on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the larynx?
In the neck essentially, the tube in front
ID the trachea on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the trachea?
The bony ringed tube that eventually leads into the lungs (but becomes bronchi first)
ID the right lung on model/diagram of resp system
Done
ID the left lung on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the left and right lungs?
Left - the person’s left, looking at their face it’s right. Vice versa
ID the soft palate on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the soft palate?
Behind the hard palate, on the roof of the mouth, posterior
ID the epiglottis on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the epiglottis?
The little flap above the larynx and below the pharynx
ID the esophagus on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the esophagus?
Long tube in the back of the throat
ID the primary bronchi on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the primary bronchi?
The first segment of the branch
ID the lobar bronchi on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the lobar bronchi?
The second, middle segment of bronchi, where first branches occur
ID segmental bronchi on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the segmental bronchi?
Third segment of the bronchi, with the smallest branches
ID the diaphragm on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the diaphragm?
The muscular dome below the lungs
ID the nasopharynx on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the nasopharynx?
The top section of the pharynx, closest to nasal cavity
ID the oropharynx on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Order of pharynx segments?
Naso, oro, laryngo. NOL
Where is the oropharynx?
Middle section of pharynx, closest to mouth
ID laryngopharynx on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the laryngopharynx?
Inferior section or pharynx, leading down into larynx
Tissue of mucosal layer of nasopharynx?
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Tissue of mucosal layer of oropharynx?
Stratified squamous epithelium
Tissue of mucosal layer of laryngopharynx?
Stratified squamous epithelium
ID conchae (superior, middle, and inferior) on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the conchae?
The raised, fat folds in the nasal cavity
ID the vestibular fold on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the vestibular folds?
There’s a small “slit” in the larynx, the vestibular folds sit above it
ID the vocal cord on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the vocal cord?
There’s a small “slit” in the larynx, this is it
ID the meatuses on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the meatuses?
The deep grooves in the nasal cavity
ID the pharyngeal tonsils on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the pharyngeal tonsils?
Right near the nasal cavity, at the top of the pharynx, the little bubbly red part
ID the auditory tube on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the auditory tube?
In the pharynx, there’s like a teardrop-shaped depression, this is it
ID the uvula on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where is the uvula?
The low part of the soft palate that goes down
ID the palatine tonsils on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the palatine tonsils?
Below the uvula, which is below the soft palate
ID the lingual tonsils on model/diagram of resp system
Done
Where are the lingual tonsils?
In the back of the tongue, bubbly
ID the epiglottis on model/diagram of larynx
Done
Where is the epiglottis on model/diagram of larynx?
On a median view, it’s the muscly thing that’s shaped like a cupped hand
ID the hyoid bone on model/diagram of larynx
Done
Where is the hyoid bone?
The bone at the top of the larynx that’s U-shaped
ID the thyroid cartilage on model/diagram of larynx
Done
Where is the thyroid cartilage?
The big cartilage on the larynx, toward the top
ID the cricoid cartilage on model/diagram of larynx
Done
Where is the cricoid cartilage?
The smaller cartilage on the larynx under the Adam’s apple
ID the tracheal C-rings on model/diagram of larynx
Done
ID apex on model/diagram of lungs
Done
Where is the apex of the lungs?
At the top
ID the base on model/diagram of lungs
Done
Where is the base of the lungs?
At the bottom
ID the superior, middle, and inferior lobes on the right lung model/diagram
Done
ID the superior and inferior lobes on the left lung model/diagram
Done
What lung has more lobes?
Right lobe has 3, left has 2
ID the cardiac notch on model/diagram of lungs
Done
Where is the cardiac notch?
On the left lung, the little indent where the heart sits
ID the hilum on model/diagram of lungs
Done
Where is the hilum on the lungs?
On the mediastinal surface, where the bronchi attaches
ID the normal lung tissue slide
Done
Locate bronchiole on lung tissue slide
Done
Locate alveolus on lung tissue slide
Done
Where are bronchioles on the lung tissue slide?
The bigger empty spots
Where are the alveoli on the lung tissue slide?
The smaller empty spots
Cell types of alveoli and functions?
Type 1 (gas exchange) and type 2 (surfactant)
What are the 3 layers of the respiratory membrane?
Squamous alveolar cells, squamous endothelial cells, and shared basement membrane
How does normal lung tissue differ from emphysema lung tissue?
Emphysema lung tissue has fewer, larger alveoli
How do smokers’ lungs look
Like lava
How do you calculate respiratory minute volume?
Rate (breaths/minute) x tidal volume (mL)
How do you calculate vital capacity?
Inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory reserve volume + tidal volume
ID adrenal gland on urinary system model/diagram
Done
Where are the adrenal glands?
Fat caps on top of the kidneys
ID renal artery on urinary system model/diagram
Done
Where are the renal arteries?
Big artery leading into kidneys. Red
ID renal veins on urinary system model/diagram
Done
Where are renal veins?
Big veins leading into kidneys. Blue
ID kidney on urinary system model/diagram
Done
Where are the kidneys?
Dark, bean-shaped organs halfway enclosed by ribs
ID the ureters on urinary system model/diagram
Done
Where are the ureters?
Thin little tubes leading from bladder to kidneys
ID urinary bladder on urinary system model/diagram
Done
Where is the urinary bladder?
Around the genitalia, the balloon looking thingy
ID the urethra on urinary system model/diagram
Done
Where is the urethra?
The little tube leading out of the bladder to the external environment
ID fibrous capsule on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the fibrous capsule?
The absolute outermost layer on the kidneys
ID renal cortex on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the renal cortex?
The outer portion of the kidney
ID renal medulla on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the renal medulla?
The inner portion of the kidney
ID the renal papilla on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the renal papilla?
The little hole on the pointy tip of the triangle
ID the renal sinus on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the renal sinus?
The empty thing in the very middle
ID the renal pelvis on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the renal pelvis?
The blocky part of the ureter
ID major calyx on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the major calyx?
Bigger trunk leading to renal pelvis
ID minor calyx on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the minor calyx?
Little white thing branching off of pyramids
ID renal column on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the renal column?
Between the renal pyramids
ID renal pyramid on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the renal pyramid?
The triangles in the kidneys
ID the ureter on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the ureter?
Tube leading out of kidneys
ID hilum on kidney model/diagram
Done
Where is the hilum on the kidney?
All the tubes leading out of the kidneys
Pathway of blood through nephrons?
Afferent arteriole -> glomerulus -> efferent arteriole -> peritubular capillaries -> vasa recta
In nephrons, what % of nephrons are cortical and juxtaglomerular
85% cortical and 15% juxtaglomerular
Pathway of blood through nephron tubules?
Renal corpuscle -> PCT -> loop of Henle -> DCT -> collecting duct
ID afferent arteriole on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the afferent arteriole?
Thicker one leading to glomerulus
ID glomerulus on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the glomerulus?
Network of capillaries that makes like a circle in a nephron
ID the efferent arteriole on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the efferent arteriole?
Thinner arteriole leading out of glomerulus
ID peritubular capillaries on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where are the peritubular capillaries?
Around the glomerulus
ID the vasa recta on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the vasa recta?
Around the loop of Henle
ID the renal corpuscle on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the renal corpuscle?
Contains glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule, the big circle in a nephron
ID the PCT on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the PCT?
Closest to glomerulus
ID the loop of Henle on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the loop of Henle?
Loop
ID the descending limb on nephron model/diagram
Done
ID the ascending limb on nephron model/diagram
Done
ID the DCT on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the DCT?
Closer to the collecting duct
ID the collecting duct on nephron model/diagram
Done
Where is the collecting duct?
The tube that collects stuff from the nephron
ID a kidney slide
Done
Draw lung tissue slide
Done
Draw kidney slide
Done
ID the cortex on the kidney slide
Done
ID the medulla on the kidney slide
Done
ID the glomeruli on the kidney slide
Done
ID the nephron loop or collecting duct on the kidney slide
Done
Cell type of the glomerulus?
Endothelial cells
Function of glomerulus?
Filter blood
Tubule cell type?
Intercalated cells
Tubular function?
Returns needed substances to blood and removes wastes
ID ureter on bladder model
Done
What does the ureter look like on bladder model?
Little tubes leading into bladder
ID detrusor muscle on bladder model
Done
How does the detrusor muscle look?
The muscle making up the bladder
ID the trigone on bladder model
Done
How does the trigone look?
Triangle at the bottom of the bladder leading into urethra
ID rugae on bladder model
Done
How do the rugae look?
Like folds inside the bladder
ID internal urethral sphincter on bladder model
Done
How does the internal urethral sphincter look?
First ring right near bladder
ID external urethral sphincter on bladder model
Done
What does the external urethral sphincter look like?
Ring closer to the outside of the urethra
ID prostatic urethra on male bladder model
Done
What does the prostatic urethra look like?
Little tube in the prostate bulb
ID membranous urethra on male bladder model
Done
What does the membranous urethra look like?
Tiny urethra between prostate and penis
ID spongy urethra on male bladder model
Done
What does the spongy urethra look like?
Inner part of penis, all dotted
ID oral cavity on digestive system model
Done
Where is the oral cavity?
Small little cavity above tongue
ID tongue on digestive system model
Done
Where is the tongue?
Kinda fat/thick muscly thing in mouth
ID teeth on digestive system model
Done
Where are the teeth?
Little white bony stuff in front
ID sublingual gland on digestive system model
Done
Where is the sublingual gland?
At the bottom of the mouth, there’s 2 ugly looking glands, this is the HIGHER one
ID submandibular gland on digestive system model
Done
Where is the submandibular gland?
The lowermost ugly gland in the mouth
ID the liver on digestive system model
Done
What does the liver look like?
The really ugly smooth dark big thing on the right side of the stomach
ID the gallbladder on digestive system model
Done
What does the gallbladder look like?
Tiny tiny little dot thingy under the liver
ID ascending colon on digestive system model
Done
What does the ascending colon look like?
On the right side of the body, not attached to the rectum
ID the duodenum
Done
What does the duodenum look like?
Superior portion of small intestine
ID the jejunum on digestive system model
Done
What does the jejunum look like?
Middle portion of small intestine
ID ileum on digestive system model
Done
What does the ileum look like?
Inferior portion of small intestine
ID cecum on digestive system model
Done
Where is the cecum?
The absolute bottom and starting portion of the large intestine, specifically the ascending colon
ID appendix on digestive system model
Done
Where is the appendix?
The little hanging down thing near the ascending colon and rectum on the right
ID the parotid gland on digestive system model
Done
Where is the parotid gland?
In the back of the nasal cavity, near the ear
ID the stomach on digestive system model
Done
What does the stomach look like?
The light colored pouch looking thing on the left side of the body
ID the pancreas on digestive system model
Done
What does the pancreas look like?
Its super ugly, yellow, bubbly, and fatty, near the stomach
ID the transverse colon on digestive system model
Done
Where is the transverse colon?
The horizontal portion of the large intestine
ID the descending colon on digestive system model
Done
What does the descending colon look like?
The portion of the large intestine attaching to the rectum
ID the sigmoid colon on digestive system model
Done
What does the sigmoid colon look like?
The lower portion of the descending colon (near the rectum) at the very bottom
ID the rectum on digestive system model
Done
What does the rectum look like?
The wrinkly ugly thing above the anus
ID the anal canal on digestive system model
Done
What does the anal canal look like?
Bottom of rectum near anus
ID the anus on digestive system model
Done
Where is the anus?
The ring at the bottom of the digestive system
What tissue are sphincters made up of?
Internal are smooth, external are skeletal muscle
What are the sphincters?
Upper esophageal sphincter, lower esophageal sphincter, pyloric sphincter, ileocecal junction, internal anal sphincter, and external anal sphincter
Where is the upper esophageal sphincter?
take a guess
Where is the lower esophageal sphincter?
bruh
Where is the pyloric sphincter?
Bottom of stomach
Where is the ileocecal sphincter?
Bottom/side of ascending colon
Where is the internal anal sphincter?
near anal canal
Where is the external anal sphincter?
Bottom of anus
ID esophagus slide
Done
Draw an esophagus slide
Done
Cell type of esophagus?
Squamous cells
Identify mucosa, submucosa, and muscularis on esophagus slide
Done
ID crown of tooth
Done
What does the crown look like?
The part of the tooth that sticks out
ID neck of tooth
Done
What does the neck of the tooth look like?
Like right where it touches the gums!
ID root of tooth
Done
What does the root of the tooth look like?
The part below the gums
ID enamel of tooth
Done
What does the enamel look like?
The white, hard, outer layer of the tooth
ID dentin of tooth
Done
What does the dentin look like?
Yellow middle layer
ID pulp cavity of tooth
Done
What does the pulp cavity look like?
The red inner layer
ID root canal of tooth
Done
What does the root canal look like?
The little tubes kind of leading down the tooth
ID gingiva of tooth
Done
What does the gingiva look like?
The gums
Where are the incisors?
Middle 4 teeth
Where are the canines?
The 5th teeth from the center
Where are the molars?
The back 4-6 teeth (the last 2 are the wisdom teeth)
ID the small intestine slide
Done
Draw a small intestine slide
Done
ID the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis, and serosa on the small intestine
Done
Small intestine mucosa tissue type?
Stratified squamous epithelium
Small intestine submucosa tissue type?
Connective tissue
Small intestine muscularis tissue type?
Smooth muscle
Small intestine serosa tissue type?
Mesothelium and epithelium
ID cardiac region on stomach model
Done
What does the cardiac region of the stomach look like?
Closest to the tube at the top of the stomach
ID fundic region on stomach model
Done
Where is the fundic region of the stomach?
The top of the stomach
ID the body on stomach model
Done
Where is the body region of the stomach?
The main part
ID the pyloric region on stomach model
Done
Where is the pyloric region of the stomach?
The bottom
ID the lesser curvature on stomach model
Done
Where is the lesser curvature?
Inner, smaller curve of stomach
ID greater curvature on stomach model
Done
Where is the greater curvature?
Outer, bigger curve of stomach
ID greater omentum on stomach model
Done
Where is the greater omentum?
Fatty tissue with blood vessels attached to greater curvature
ID the gastric rugae on stomach model
Done
Where are the gastric rugae?
Wrinkles inside stomach
ID pyloric sphincter
Done
Layers of stomach muscularis from outermost to innermost?
Longitudinal, circular, and oblique
ID stomach slide
Done
Draw a stomach slide
Done
Stomach mucosa tissue type?
Simple columnar epithelium
ID mucosa and gastric pit on stomach slide
Done
3 secretions produced by stomach mucosa layer?
Gastric juice, intrinsic factor, pepsinogen
ID ileocecal valve on intestine model
Done
ID small intestine slide
Done
Draw small intestine slide
Done
ID mucosa, lumen, and villus on small intestine slide
Done
Small intestine mucosa cell types?
Simple columnar epithelium and goblet cells
What lymph structure is found within a villus in the stomach?
Lacteals
ID right colic flexure on large intestine model
Done
Where is the right colic flexure?
On the right (anatomical position) side, at the top of the large intestine
ID the haustrum on large intestine model
Done
Where are the haustrum?
Each bulb of the large intestine
ID the left colic fixture on large intestine model
Done
Where is the left colic flexure?
On the left side of the body (anatomical) at the top of the transverse colon
ID the taenia coli on large intestine model
Done
Where is the taenia coli?
The muscle bands on the surface of the colon, in the middle of the large intestine
ID a large intestine slide
Done
Draw a large intestine slide
Done
Cell types of the large intestine?
Simple columnar epithelium and goblet cells
ID tail of pancreas
Done
Where is the tail of the pancreas?
Closer to the body, which is thicker
ID the body of the pancreas
Done
Where is the body of the pancreas?
The bulbous part
ID the head of the pancreas
Done
Where is the head of the pancreas?
Away from the body of the pancreas
ID the bladder on the side view and posterior view of the urinary system
Done
ID the pubic symphysis on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the pubic symphysis?
It’s the bony part behind where your pubes are
ID the vas deferens on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the vas deferens?
Thin tube leading from testis to seminal vesicle
ID the penis on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the penis?
penith
ID the epididymis on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the epididymis?
On the posterior surface of the testis
ID the glans of the penis on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the glans of the penis?
The thick part on the head
ID the prepuce on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the prepuce on a male?
The thin part on the front of the head of the penis. Foreskin!
ID the testis on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the testis?
The bulb in the ballsack
ID the scrotum on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the scrotum?
The skin at the bottom of the ballsack
ID the rectum on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the rectum on a side view?
The cavity in the butt
ID the seminal vesicle on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the seminal vesicle?
The fatty looking gland thing attaching to the vas deferens
ID the ejaculatory duct on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the ejaculatory duct?
The really thin muscular tube in the middle of the prostate
Label the torso model
Done
Label the stomach model
Done
Label the liver model
Done
Label the intestines model
Done
Label the torso model with some stuff taken out
Done
Label the digestive system board
Done
Label the half head model
Done
Label the digestive system model stand
Done
Label the tooth model
Done
Label the teeth model
Done
ID the prostate gland on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the prostate gland?
The yellow beigey thing between the penis and rectum
ID the bulbourethral gland on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the bulbourethral gland?
The tiny little one below the prostate
ID the corpus spongiosum on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the corpus spongiosum?
The redder, inner muscly part of the penis
ID the corpus cavernosum on the side view of the urinary system
Done
Where is the corpus cavernosum?
The muscly part on the penis with all the partitions on front
ID the spermatic cord on scrotum model/diagram
Done
Where is the spermatic cord?
Muscly part leading to testes
ID the cremaster muscle on scrotum model/diagram
Done
Where is the cremaster muscle?
Muscle part on spermatic cord
What structures make up the spermatic cord?
Vas deferens, cremaster muscle, testicular artery, pampiniform plexus
Muscles of spermatic cord?
Cremaster muscle and pampiniform plexus
Function of cremaster?
Contracts and draws testes closer to body for warmth
Function of dartos muscle?
Contracts when cold and scrotum becomes taut to reduce heat loss
ID testes slide
Done
Draw testes slide
Done
ID seminiferous tubule, interstitial cells, Sertoli cells, and spermatids on testes slide
Done
What hormone is made by the testes?
Testosterone
What cell secretes the hormone produced by the testes?
Leydig cells
ID uterus on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the uterus?
The big muscly thing above the bladder
ID urinary bladder on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the urinary bladder on a female?
Wrinkly-lined thing with the hole leading out of the body
ID mons pubis on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the mons pubis?
Where pubes grow from
ID clitoris on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the clitoris?
Little L-shaped thing below the pubic symphysis
ID prepuce on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the prepuce on a female?
Little tiny thing hanging down in front of clitoris and labia
ID labia minora and majora on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where are the labia minora and majora?
Fatty wetty things at the bottom of the vagina
ID fallopian tube on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the fallopian tube?
Red muscly tube attaching to ovary
ID fimbriae on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the fimbriae?
Fingerlike things touching ovary
ID ovary on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where are the ovaries?
Egg-looking thing above uterus
ID cervix of uterus on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the cervix?
The hollow part in the middle of the uterus
ID rectum on female reproductive system side view model
Done
ID vaginal rugae on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where are the vaginal rugae?
Ridges inside vagina, between gladder and rectum
ID vagina on female reproductive system side view model
Done
Where is the vagina?
Back of the labia
ID ovary slide
Done
Draw an ovary slide
Done
ID mature follicle and oocyte on ovary slide
Done
ID oocyte, cumulus mass, and corona radiate on Graffian follicle poster
Done
What hormones are secreted by the ovary?
Estrogen and progesterone
What structure secretes estrogen and progesterone?
Corpus luteum
What are the layers of the uterus from outermost to innermost?
Perimetrium -> myometrium -> endometrium
Myometrium tissue type?
Smooth muscle
Perimetrium tissue type?
Serous tissue
Endometrium tissue type?
Simple columnar epithelium
Label the alveolus model
Done
What surrounds the glomerulus?
The bowman’s capsule
