Lab Practical 1 Flashcards
What is the function of the integumentary system?
Protection, water retention, heat regulation, vitamin D synthesis
What are the organs of the integumentary system?
Skin, hair, nails, and cutaneous glands
What is the function of the skeletal system?
Support, movement, blood formation, mineral storage
What are the organs of the skeletal system?
Bones, cartilage, and ligaments
What is the function of the muscular system?
Movement, stability, communication, heat generation, controls body openings
What are the organs of the muscular system?
Skeletal muscle
What is the function of the lymphatic system?
Recover excess tissue fluid, detect pathogens, produce immune cells, fight against disease
What are the organs of the lymphatic system?
Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils
What is the function of the respiratory system?
Absorb oxygen, discharge carbon dioxide, acid-base balance, speech
What are the organs of the respiratory system?
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
What is the function of the urinary system?
Eliminate wastes, regulate blood volume and pressure, detoxify blood, control fluids, stimulate RBC formation
What are the organs of the urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
What is the function of the nervous system?
Internal communication, coordination, motor control, and sensation
What are the organs of the nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia
What is the function of the endocrine system?
Hormone production, internal chemical coordination and communication
What are the organs of the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, thymus, adrenal glands, pancreas, testes, ovaries
What is the function of the circulatory/pulmonary system?
Distribute nutrients, oxygen, hormones, electrolytes, heat, immune cells, and antibodies
What are the organs of the circulatory/pulmonary system?
Heart, blood vessels
What is the function of the digestive system?
Nutrient breakdown and absorption, metabolize carbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals
What are the organs of the digestive system?
Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
What are the organs of the female reproductive system?
Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands
What is the function of the female reproductive system?
Produce eggs, fertilize and develop fetuses, nourish fetus, birth, lactate, secrete sex hormones
What are the organs of the male reproductive system?
Testes, epididymides, spermatic ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands, and penis
What are the functions of the male reproductive system?
Produce and deliver sperm, secrete sex hormones
What is anatomical position?
Standing upright with the feet flat on the floor, arms at the sides, and the palms and face directed forward.
What does ventral/anterior mean?
Towards the front
What does dorsal/posterior mean?
Towards the back
What does cephalic mean?
Towards the head/superior end
What does rostral mean?
Towards the forehead or nose
What does caudal mean?
Towards the tail or caudal end
What does superior mean?
Above
What does inferior mean?
Below
What does medial mean?
Towards the median plane
What does lateral mean?
Away from the median plane
What does proximal mean?
Closer to the point of attachment/origin
What does distal mean?
Farther from the point of attachment/origin
What does ipsilateral mean?
On the same side of the body (left or right)
What does contralateral mean?
On opposite sides of the body (left or right)
What does superficial mean?
Closer to the body surface
What does deep mean?
Farther from the body surface
What is a coronal/frontal plane?
Front and back
What is a transverse plane?
Top and bottom
What is a sagittal plane?
Left and right
What are the 4 main body cavities?
Cranial, vertebral, thoracic, and abdominopelvic
What are the divisions of the thoracic cavity?
Pleural cavities (2) and pericardial
What are the divisions of the abdominopelvic cavity?
Abdominal and pelvic
Viscera of the cranial cavity?
Brain
Viscera of the vertebral cavity?
Spinal cord
Viscera of the pleural cavities?
Lungs
Viscera of the pericardial cavity?
Heart
Viscera of the abdominal cavity?
Digestive organs, spleen, kidneys
Viscera of the pelvic cavity?
Bladder, rectum, reproductive organs
Membranous lining of the cranial cavity?
Meninges
Membranous lining of the vertebral cavity?
Meninges
Membranous lining of the pleural cavities?
Pleurae
Membranous lining of the pericardial cavity?
Pericardium
Membranous lining of the abdominal cavity?
Peritoneum
Membranous lining of the pelvic cavity?
Peritoneum
Scientific name for the head region?
Cephalic
Scientific name for the face region?
Facial
Scientific name for the neck region?
Cervical
Scientific name for the chest region?
Thoracic
Scientific name for the middle of chest region?
Sternal
Scientific name for the pectoral region?
Pectoral
Scientific name for the bellybutton region?
Umbilical
Scientific name for the stomach region?
Abdominal
Scientific name for the groin region?
Inguinal
Scientific name for the pubic region?
Mons pubis