Lab Practical 1 Flashcards
Review the pituitary gland slide
Done
Review the thyroid gland slide
Done
Review the parathyroid gland slide
Done
Review the pancreas slide
Done
Review the testis slide
Done
Review the ovary slide
Done
Review the tongue slide
Done
Review the retina slide
Done. ALSO SCP, PBG, V
Review the cochlea slide
Done
Notable features of the pituitary gland slide?
The noticeable dark and light regions separated by a gap
Notable features of the thyroid gland slide?
It has a lot of squiggly shaped light holes with dots surrounding
Notable features of the parathyroid gland slide?
It’s really just a bunch of dots everywhere. With some empty lines. Kind of roundish
Notable features of the pancreas slide?
It’s also a lot of tiny dots but it gives a more squarish appearance somehow? it looks like an overhead of a city. The gaps are still kind of dark too. BUT. on a closer look, its like leopard print!!!!!!!
Notable features of the testis slide?
It’s ovals with lines along the inner edges
Notable features of the ovary slide?
It looks shiny and light, it’s a lot of circles with pretty shading
Notable features of the tongue slide?
It has the nipple shapes
What is the layout of the flat board?
Top: pituitary, thyroid, kidney + adrenals, testes
Bottom: pancreas, parathyroid, ovaries
Notable features of the retina slide?
It’s a bunch of straight layers
Order of retina layers, from back to front?
Sclera, choroid, pigment layer, rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, vitreous body
Notable features of the cochlea slide?
It’s a lot of holes. Like 3 next to each other too
What is the papilla on the tongue slide?
The protrusion
What is the taste pore on the tongue slide?
The round part on the edge
What is the taste bud on the slide?
The part inside the round part
Where are taste buds located?
On the tongue, soft palate, epiglottis, pharynx, and inner cheeks
5 primary tastes?
Sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami
Receptors for taste and smell?
Chemoreceptors
3 nerves responsible for taste?
Glossopharyngeal, vagus, and facial
Identify structures of tongue slide - papillae, taste pore, taste bud
Done
Where is the olfactory tract?
The part leading to the bulb
Where is the olfactory bulb?
The enlarged part at the end of the olfactory tract
Where is the olfactory mucosa?
The flap of skin or whatever under the bone that’s near the olfactory bulb
Where are the eyebrows?
Duh
Where are the eyelashes?
Duh
Where is the pupil?
The black part of the eye
What is the iris?
The colored part of the eye
What are the palpebrae?
The upper and lower eyelids
Where is the lacrimal caruncle?
The pink part at the inner corner
Where is the medial commissure?
The inner corner, skin part
Where is the lateral commissure?
The outer corner, skin part
Where is the lacrimal gland?
About in the eyebrow’s arch
Where are the puncta?
Those tiny little dots on the inner corner of the eye
Where is the lacrimal canaliculi?
The hoops? Attaching from inner corner to the line
Where is the lacrimal sac?
The line going down the side of the nose
Where is the nasolacrimal duct?
The lower part of the lacrimal sac, near the nostrils
Where is the sclera?
The white outer layer
Go label the eye model
Done
Where is the choroid?
The red layer below the sclera
Where is the retina?
The yellowish layer below the red and white layers
Where is the macula lutea?
The tiny little depression at the back of the eyeball
Where is the optic disc?
The spot where the nerve joins the eyeball
Where is the optic nerve?
Duh
Where is the central vein and artery of the eye?
Enclosed in the optic nerve
Where is the ciliary body?
The muscle circle in front of the lens
Where is the cornea?
The protruding part of the eyeball
Where is the lens?
The circle clearish part BEHIND the iris
Where is the anterior cavity and what is it filled with?
Aqueous humor, and it’s the front half
Where are the suspensory ligaments?
Holding the lens in place
Where is the posterior cavity and what is it filled with?
Vitreous humor, and it’s the back half
Identify the structures on the retina slide
Done
What are the structures on the cow eyeball?
Cornea, sclera, optic nerve, extrinsic eye muscle, lens, ciliary body, retina, tapetum lucidum, vitreous humor, optic disc, choroid
What is the near point?
The closest point in which an object can sit and still be perceived clearly by the eye
What is accommodation?
When the lens changes shape to accommodate closer or farther vision
What is visual acuity?
A measure of the eye’s ability to see at different distances?
What is 20/20 vision?
you can see at 20ft what the average person also sees from 20ft away
What is 20/15 vision
you can see something at 20ft away that most people only see 15ft away, so you have better vision
What is 20/100 vision?
What is 20/100 vision? – you can see something at 20ft that most can see at 100ft, so you have poor vision because you have to be much closer to see something
What is astigmatism?
Unequal or imperfect curvature of the eye’s cornea or lens
What is the consensual reflex?
Shining light into your eyes causes the pupil to constrict
What is the most common cause of colorblindness?
being male, as the trait for colorblindness is carried on the X chromosome so if it is present, the male is more likely to exhibit colorblindness than a female with a colorblind X chromosome since she has a second chance with her second X chromosome
What is the blind spot?
The spot where the optic nerve connects with the eye, there are no photoreceptors here so you can’t see
Label the ear model
Done
What is the inner ear responsible for?
Hearing and balance
Identify the organ of Corti, basilar membrane, and stereocilia on the cochlea slide
Done
What is the receptor for hearing?
Mechanoreceptors
What region of the ear contains the cochlea?
Inner ear
What is the vestibule?
Utricle and saccule
What does the vestibule do?
Static equilibrium and linear acceleration and deceleration
What do the semicircular canals do?
Dynamic equilibrium, angular or rotational equilibrium
What does the cochlea do?
Hearing
What is the Weber test?
A test for conductive and sensorineural deafness. Tuning fork is placed in the middle of the forehead and the patient is asked to report which ear hears the sound louder. If defective ear is louder, conductive. If defective ear is quieter, sensorineural
Identify the glands in the brain
Done
Identify the glands in the larynx
Done
Identify the glands in the torso
Done
What glands are in the brain?
Pituitary (front), pineal (back), and hypothalamus (middle)
What glands are on the larynx?
Thyroid, and then the parathyroid are the 4 little ones on the thyroid
What glands are in the torso?
Pancreas / adrenals
Where is the hypothalamus?
Right above the pituitary gland
Where is the pituitary gland?
The little ballsack in the brain
Where is the pineal gland?
The little one under the corpus callosum and toward the back
Where is the thyroid gland?
In the throat near the upper half
Where are the parathyroid glands?
4 little dots on the back of the thyroid gland
Where is the thymus?
Between the lungs at the top basically
Where are the adrenal glands?
On top of the kidneys in the torso. Cortex is outer medulla is inner
Where is the pancreas?
Really ugly thing near the stomach
Where is the testis?
Ball
Where are the ovaries?
The bulbs
Where are the kidneys?
Beans in the upper torso
Hypothalamus hormones?
Growth hormone-releasing hormone, somatostatin
Anterior pituitary hormones?
Luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, growth hormone, thyroid-stimulating hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin
Posterior pituitary hormones?
Oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone
Pineal gland hormone?
Melatonin
Thyroid hormones?
T3 and T4, calcitonin
Parathyroid hormones?
Parathyroid hormone lol
Thymus hormones?
Thymopoietin, thymosin, thymulin
Adrenal cortex hormones?
Cortisol, androgens, aldosterone
Adrenal medulla hormones?
Epinephrine and norepinephrine
Pancreas hormones?
Insulin and glucagon
Testicle hormones?
Testosterone
Ovary hormones?
Estrogen and progesterone
Kidney hormones?
Erythropoietin and vitamin D. And the adrenals sitting on top are NE, E, cortisol, androgens, and aldosterone
Heart hormones?
Atrial natriuretic peptide / ANP
Label the brain endocrine organs
Done
What pituitary is dark?
Anterior
What pituitary is light?
Posterior
Locate the infundibulum, hypophyseal portal system, and hypothalamohypophyseal tract?
Done
What do the follicular cells make?
T3 and T4
What do the parafollicular cells make?
Calcitonin
Function of PTH?
Raise blood calcium
Antagonistic hormone of PTH?
Calcitonin
What do the pancreatic alpha cells make?
Glucagon
What do the pancreatic beta cells make?
Insulin
What are the exocrine pancreas secretions?
Digestive enzymes
Identify the seminiferous tubules on the testis slide
Done
Identify the interstitial cells on the testis slide
Done
What do interstitial cells do?
Make testosterone
Functions of testosterone?
Regulate libido, male reproductive development, and production of sperm
Identify the mature follicle on the ovary slide
Done
Identify the oocyte on the ovary slide
Done
Function of estrogen?
Regulate growth and development of reproductive system
Function of progesterone?
Regulate menstruation
What are the oculars of a microscope?
Where you put your eyes
Where is the revolving nosepiece of the microscope?
The rotatey part
What is the scanning objective lens?
4x
What is the low power objective lens?
10x
What is the high power objective lens?
40x
What is the oil objective lens?
100x
What is the stage of the microscope?
U know the platform
What is the stage clip of the microscope?
The silver thing that holds the slide
What is the arm of the microscope?
The thing
What is the base of the microscope
The bottom
What is the condenser lens of the microscope?
The part above the diaphragm that opens and closes
What is the iris diaphragm of the microscope?
The part near the base that opens and closes
Where is the occipital lobe?
Back of brain
Where is the parietal lobe?
The 2 top-side ones
Where is the frontal lobe?
Front
Where are the temporal lobes?
Over temporal bones, sides of brain
Where is the optic chiasm?
The airpod shaped thing toward the front or the x
Where is the optic nerve?
Attaching to the eyes
Where is the olfactory bulb?
The little bulb towards the real front of the brain
What is the corpus callosum?
The gray arch in the middle of the brain
What is the cerebrum?
Main brain mass
Where is the thalamus?
The swirly part in the middle
Where is the hypothalamus?
Surrounding the thalamus and near the pituitary gland
Where is the midbrain?
Highest part of the brainstem
Where is the pons?
Roundest and middle part of the brainstem
Where is the medulla oblongata?
Lowest part of the brainstem
Where is the cerebellum?
Wrinkly part of the brain
Where is the tongue?
Erm everyone knows where the tongue is
Where is the trachea?
The bony light looking Y-shaped tube connecting to the lungs
Where is the esophagus?
the thin tube behind the trachea leading to the stomach
Where is the stomach?
The light travel pillow shaped thing between the liver and intestines
Where is the large intestine?
The one bordering the small intestine
Where is the small intestine?
The one that’s all crumpled up
Where is the liver?
The really dark organ at the top, more mass on the left side
Where is the pancreas?
The ugly tongue-shaped light bubbly organ
Where is the spleen?
The dark red organ attaching to the pancreas at the top right
Where are the kidneys?
the bean shaped organs on the deep view
Where is the gallbladder?
The teeny gray thing under the liver
Where are the ovaries?
The white bulbs at the top of the reprod system
Where is the uterus?
Right above the vagina, the part with a cavity
Where is the bladder?
The little bulb at the bottom middle of the deep view, with the 2 white things leading up
