Atlas Flashcards
What is a frontal/coronal section?
Front and back
What is a sagittal section?
Left and right
What is a transverse section?
Top and bottom
What is a transverse section?
Top and bottom
Ventral/anterior
Toward the front
Dorsal/posterior
Toward the back
Cephalic
Toward the head
Rostral
Toward the forehead or nose
Caudal
Toward the tail or inferior end
Superior
Above
Inferior
Below
Medial
Toward median plane
Lateral
Away from median plane
Proximal
Toward point of attachment
Distal
Farther from point of attachment
Ipsilateral
On same side of body (right/left)
Contralateral
On opposite sides of body (right/left)
Superficial
Closer to body surface
Deep
Farther from body surface
Shoulder
Acromial
Armpit
Axillary
Upper arm
Brachial
Elbow
Cubital
Forearm
Antebrachial
Wrist
Carpal
Palm
Palmar
Hip
Coxal
Knee
Patellar
Head
Cephalic
Face
Facial
Neck
Cervical
Chest
Thoracic
Sternal
Sternal
Pectoral
Pectoral
Bellybutton
Umbilical
Groin
Inguinal
Pubic
Mons pubis
External genitalia (M)
Penis, scrotum, testes
Thigh
Femoral
Leg
Crural
Foot
Pedal/dorsum
Ankle
Tarsal
Sole
Plantar surface
Back of head
Cranial
Back of neck
Nuchal
Top upper back
Interscapular
Back shoulders
Scapular
Vertebral
Vertebral
Lower back
Lumbar
Small of back
Sacral
Butt
Gluteal
Back of hand
Dorsum of hand
Anus area
Perineal
Back of knee
Popliteal
Heel
Calcaneal
4 quadrants
Right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left lower quadrant
Top abdominal regions
R/L hypochondriac and epigastric
Middle abdominal regions
R/L lumbar and umbilical
Bottom abdominal regions
L/R iliac and hypogastric
Body cavities?
Cranial, vertebral, thoracic, abdominopelvic
Divisions of thoracic cavity?
Pleural and pericardial
Divisions of abdominopelvic cavity?
Abdominal and pelvic
Viscera of cranial cavity?
Brain
Lining of cranial cavity?
Meninges
Viscera of vertebral cavity?
Spinal cord
Viscera of vertebral cavity?
Spinal cord
Lining of vertebral cavity?
Meninges
Viscera of pleural cavities?
Lungs
Lining of pleural cavities?
Pleurae
Viscera of pericardial cavity?
Heart
Lining of pericardial cavity?
Pericardium
Viscera of abdominal cavity?
Digestive organs, spleen, kidneys
Lining of abdominal cavity?
Peritoneum
Viscera of pelvic cavity?
Bladder, rectum, reproductive organs
Lining of pelvic cavity?
Peritoneum
Organs of integumentary system?
Skin, hair, nails, cutaneous glands
Functions of integumentary system?
Protection, thermoregulation, water retention, vitamin D synthesis, detection of stimuli
Organs of skeletal system?
Bones, cartilages, ligaments
Functions of skeletal system?
Support, movement, protect viscera, blood formation, mineral storage
Viscera of muscular system?
Skeletal muscles
Functions of muscular system?
Movement, stability, communication, control of body openings, heat production
Viscera of lymphatic system?
Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, thymus, spleen, tonsils
Functions of lymphatic system?
Recover excess tissue fluid, detect pathogens, produce immune cells, fight against disease
Viscera of respiratory system?
Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
Functions of respiratory system?
Absorb oxygen, discharge carbon dioxide, acid-base balance, speech
Viscera of urinary system?
Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
Functions of urinary system?
Eliminate wastes, regulate blood volume and pressure, stimulate RBC formation, control fluids and electrolytes, detoxify, acid-base balance
Viscera of nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, ganglia
Functions of nervous system?
Rapid internal communication, coordination, motor control, and sensation
Viscera of endocrine system?
Pituitary gland, pineal gland, parathyroid glands, thyroid gland, thymus, testes, pancreas, ovaries
Functions of endocrine system?
Hormone production, internal chemical communication and coordination
Viscera of circulatory system?
Heart and blood vessels
Functions of circulatory system?
Distribute nutrients, oxygen, wastes, hormones, electrolytes, heat, immune cells, and antibodies
Viscera of digestive system?
Teeth, tongue, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
Functions of digestive system?
Nutrient breakdown and absorption, metabolize carbs, lipids, proteins, vitamins, and minerals, cleanse blood
Viscera of M reproductive system?
Testes, epididymides, spermatic ducts, seminal vesicles, prostate, bulbourethral glands, penis
Functions of M reproductive system?
Produce and deliver sperm, secrete sex hormones
Viscera of F reproductive system?
Ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, mammary glands
Functions of F reproductive system?
Produce eggs, fertilize and develop fetus, nourish fetus, birth, lactate, secrete sex hormones
