History β³ | Germany Depth: Rise of the Nazis π· | 6.2a Flashcards
What was the nazi party (NSDAP) originally called?
The DAP
German workerβs party
Who founded the DAP?
Anton Drexler, railroad worker in Munich
How did the DAP turn into the Nazi party?
Adolf Hitler joined the party, and was put in charge of propaganda & political ideas of the party.
When did Hitler join the DAP?
1919
When was the DAP renamed to the NSDAP?
1920
When was the 25-point program issued?
1920
What was the 25 point program?
Points drawn up by Hitler as a vision of a βperfect Germanyβ. It was based on nationalism, and full of anti-Semitism. It was the basis of the NSDAPβs beliefs
What did the NSDAPβs 25 points say about religion?
βWe demand freedom of religion for all religious denominations within the state so long as they do not endanger its existence or oppose the moral senses of the Germanic raceβ
Basically, freedom of religion unless we dont like u
What did the NSDAPβs 25 points say about territory and land?
βWe demand land and teritory to feed our people and settle our surplus populationβ
Basically, the idea of Lebensraum
What did the NSDAPβs 25 points say about self-determination?
βWe demand the union of all Germans in a greater Germany on the basis of the right of self-determinationβ
Basically, the justification for Anschluss
What did the NSDAPβs 25 points say about citizenship?
βOnly members of the nation may be citizens of the state. Only those of German blood, whatever their creed, may be members of the nation. Accordingly, no Jew may be a member of the nationβ
Basically, their kind way of saying βJews go shooβ
What did the NSDAPβs 25 points say about private businesses?
βWe demand the nationalisation of all businesses that have been formed into corporationβ
Basically, socialism (kinda)
What quality of Hitler created a lot of support for the Nazis?
Hitler was an inspirational speaker, with a lot of charisma
How did Hitler stir up audiences using his charisma?
- He gave Germans scapegoats for their problems and reason for German superiority
- Hitler moved the blame off of the Germans, by talking about how the Jews and the November criminals were to blame for their problems and the economic crisises within Germany.
- He elevated his listeners to a superior, Aryan race
When did Hitler take leadership of the Nazis?
July 29 1921
When was the SA introduced?
1921
When Hitler took control of the Nazi party, what actions did he take?
- Setting up the SA
- Introducing the Swastika
- Buying the Munich newspaper Volkischer Beobachter
- Introducing the Heil Hitler salute
What does the SA stand for?
Sturm Abteilung
What was the purpose of the SA in early years?
(1921 ish)
- Dealing with violence that appeared at Nazi meetings when opposition parties stormed in
- Protecting leading Nazis
- Uh, distrupting political opponents in their meetings
Who did the SA originally consist of?
Ex-soldiers and the unemployed, often untrained
Who was Franz Von Saloman?
The leader of the SA from 1925
What does the SS stand for?
Schutzstaffel
spelling is important.
When was the SS introduced?
1925
What was the purpose of the SS?
- Being Hitlerβs personal bodyguards
- Being better (better trained and more experienced) than the SA
Originally, the SS was just a ___ of the SA
Originally, the SS was just a small subdivision of the SA
Who took over and expanded the SS?
Himmler
When did Himmler take over the SS?
1929
What qualities were SS members selected upon?
Racial purity and blind obedience
How many SS members were there by 1933?
35,000
The Munich Putsch is also known as the ___
Beer Hall Putsh
When was the Beer Hall Putsch?
Nov 8 - Nov 9 1923
What was the goal of the Munich Putsch?
To seize power in Bavaria with the Nazis
Who was the popular figurehead Hitler planned to use in the Munich Putsch?
Erich Ludendorff
How many Nazi members were there in 1923?
20,000
Who was Ludendorff?
A popular right-wing WW1 general
Who did Hitler need the support of in order for the Munich Putsch to be successful?
The Bavarian State Government:
- Gustav Von Kahr
- General Otto Von Lossow
Who was General Otto von Lossow?
The Bavarian army commander
Who was Gustav von Kahr?
An extreme conservative Bavarian who was appointed due to a state of emergency
Why was a state of emergency declared in Bavaria?
(1923)
After the Ruhr passive resistance ended, there were cries of betrayal
How did Hitler start the Munich Putsch?
Von Kahr was giving a speech in a beer hall. Hitler entered and declared a βnational revolutionβ
Did Kahr and Lossow support Hitler?
- Hitler approached them but they backed away from the plan
- They were temporarily βconvincedβ to support Hitler, publically announcing the fact
- Later however, they riled up the army
What did Ludendorff do during the Munich Putsch?
He was able to convince von Kahr and Lossow to publically announce support for Hitler
How did Hitler use force in the Beer hall Putsch?
Men from the SA surrounded the building
What mistakes were made in the Munich Putsch that led to its failure?
- Hitler left the Beer hall in order to oversee clashes between the SA and the German army elsewhere in Munich, but he was maintaining order
- Ludendorff allowed the politicians to leave the Beer Hall, but they immediately renounced their support when they realised what was happening.
