Child and Adolescents (Day 36) Flashcards
1
Q
Growth or development;
quantitative
A
Growth
2
Q
Growth or development;
takes place in particular aspect
A
Growth
3
Q
Growth or development;
physical aspect
A
Growth
4
Q
Growth or development;
continues throughout life but stops with the attainment of maturity
A
Growth
5
Q
Growth or development;
qualitative
A
Development
6
Q
Growth or development;
cannot be measured
A
Development
7
Q
Growth or development;
broader in aspect
A
Development
8
Q
Growth or development;
describes the changes in the organism as whole
A
Development
9
Q
Growth or development;
continuous process from womb to tomb
A
Development
10
Q
Factors influencing growth and development;
ME
A
- maturation/nature
- environmental influences/nurture
11
Q
Factors influencing growth and development;
ME
the natural growth resulting from heridity
A
maturation/nurture
12
Q
Factors influencing growth and development;
ME
in and through which the growing take place
A
environmental influences/nurture
13
Q
Factors influencing growth and development;
ME
internal factors
A
maturation/nurture
14
Q
Factors influencing growth and development;
ME
external factors
A
environmental influences/nurture
15
Q
7 Principles of development
A
- development follows an orderly sequence which is predictable
- the rate of development is unique in each individual
- development involves change
- early development is more critical than later development
- development is the product of maturation and learning
- principle of inter-related development (social, mental, emotional)
- there are social expectations for every developmental period, developmental task
16
Q
development follows an orderly sequence which is predictable
CP
A
- cephalocaudal pattern
- proximodistal pattern
17
Q
development follows an orderly sequence which is predictable
CP
during infancy, the greatest growth always occur at the top
A
cephalocaudal pattern
18
Q
development follows an orderly sequence which is predictable
CP
muscular control of the trunk and arms comes earlier compared to the hand and fingers
A
proximodistal pattern
19
Q
development follows an orderly sequence which is predictable
CP
observable from 5 months when heads grows more than the body
A
cephalocaudal pattern
20
Q
development follows an orderly sequence which is predictable
CP
center to extremities, center to outward, 5 months to birth
A
proximodistal pattern
21
Q
Domains of development;
PSLC
A
- physical development
- social/emotional development
- language development
- cognitive development
22
Q
Domains of development;
PSLC
development of self-concept and self-esteem, ability to express feelings and form relationship, emotions and personality with other people
A
social/emotional development
23
Q
Domains of development;
PSLC
understanding or comprehending
A
language development
receptive language
24
Q
Domains of development;
PSLC
being able to communicate using language
A
language development
expressive language
25
Domains of development;
PSLC
listening and reading
language development
26
Domains of development;
PSLC
thinking process
cognitive (intellectual) development
27
Domains of development;
Physical development
GF
1. gross motor development
2. fine motor development
28
Domains of development;
Physical development
GF
the large muscles in the body such as legs, arms, and the chest
gross motor development
29
Domains of development;
Physical development
GF
small muscles such as hand, fingers, lips, and tongue
fine motor development
30
developmental task by
Robert Havighurst
31
arises in a certain period in our life, the successful achievement of which leads to happiness and success with later task
Developmental task
32
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
1. Pre-natal stage (conception to birth)
2.Infancy (birth to 2 weeks)
3. babyhood stage ( 2 weeks to 2 years)
4. early childhood ( 3 to 5 years)
5. middle and late childhood ( 6-12 years)
6. adolescence ( 13-28 years)
7. early adulthood (19-29 years)
8. middle adulthood ( 30-60 years)
9. late adulthood (61 years and above)
33
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
involves tremendous growth from a single cell to an organism complete with brain
Pre-natal stage (conception to birth)
34
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
relating to pregnant woman and her unborn baby, before birth
Pre-natal stage (conception to birth)
35
3 periods of pre-natal stage
GEF
1. germinal period
2. embryonic period
3. fetal period
36
3 periods of pre-natal stage
GEF
first two week after conception, it includes the creation of zygote
germinal period
37
Germinal period
inner and outer layer of the organism;
BT
1. blastocyst
2. trophoblast
38
Germinal period
inner and outer layer of the organism;
BT
inner layer of the cell
blastocyst
39
Germinal period
inner and outer layer of the organism;
BT
develops later into embryo
blastocyst
40
Germinal period
inner and outer layer of the organism;
BT
outer layer of the cells
trophoblast
41
Germinal period
inner and outer layer of the organism;
BT
provides nutrition and support for the embryo
trophoblast
42
3 periods of pre-natal stage
GEF
prenatal development occurs 2 to 8 weeks after conception
embryonic period
43
3 periods of pre-natal stage
GEF
the zygote will become embryonic
embryonic period
44
Embryonic period
cell differentiation intensifies, three layers of cells
EEM
1. endoderm
2. ectoderm
3. mesoderm
45
Embryonic period
cell differentiation intensifies, three layers of cells
EEM
inner layer of the cell
endoderm
46
Embryonic period
cell differentiation intensifies, three layers of cells
EEM
becomes the digestive and respiratory system
endoderm
47
Embryonic period
cell differentiation intensifies, three layers of cells
EEM
outermost layer of the cell
ectoderm
48
Embryonic period
cell differentiation intensifies, three layers of cells
EEM
becomes the nervous, sensory receptors, skin parts
ectoderm
49
Embryonic period
cell differentiation intensifies, three layers of cells
EEM
middle layer
mesoderm
50
Embryonic period
cell differentiation intensifies, three layers of cells
EEM
develops into circulatory, skeletal, muscular, excretory, reproductive system
mesoderm
51
Embryonic period
life-support for the embryo develop, three life support systems;
PUA
1. placenta
2. umbilical cord
3.amnion
52
Embryonic period
life-support for the embryo develop, three life support systems;
PUA
a life support system, connects the baby to the mother
placenta
53
Embryonic period
life-support for the embryo develop, three life support systems;
PUA
connects the baby to the placenta
umbilical cord
54
Embryonic period
life-support for the embryo develop, three life support systems;
PUA
is a bag or an envelope that contains a clear fluid in which the developing embryo floats
amnion
55
Is the process of organ formation
organogenesis
56
3 periods of pre-natal stage
GEF
2 months after conception until 9 months (fetus) organ system mature
fetal period
57
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
shortest of all development, extreme helplessness
infancy
58
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
birth to 2 weeks
infancy
59
Infancy
subdivision of infancy;
PN
1. period of partunate
2. period of neonate
60
Infancy
subdivision of infancy;
PN
fetal body has emerged from the mother's body until the umbilical cord has been cut and tied
period partunate
61
Infancy
subdivision of infancy;
PN
cutting and tying of the umbilical cord to the end of second weeks of the postnatal life
period of neonate
62
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
fastest physical growth
infancy
63
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
2 weeks to 2 years
babyhood stage
64
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
decreasing dependency
babyhood stage
65
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
pre-speech is a form of communication such as crying, cooing, babbling, gesturing, and emotional expression
babyhood stage
66
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
empathy will be develop
babyhood stage
67
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
3 to 5 years old
early childhood
68
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
pre-school years
early childhood
69
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
pre-gang, exploratory and questioning age
early childhood
70
Developmental task for infancy & Early childhood
1. walk
2. crawl
3. take solid food
4. talk
5. elimination of body waste
6. sex differences and sexual modesty
7. ready to read
8. forming concepts and learning language
71
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
gang and creativity age, self-help skills
Middle and late adulthood
72
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
6 to 12 years old
middle and late adulthood
73
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
the fundamental skills, the 3Rs
Middle and late adulthood
74
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
achievement becomes a more central theme
middle and late adulthood
75
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
elementary school years they are also called grade schoolers
middle and late adulthood
76
Developmental task for Middle and late adulthood
1. physical skills necessary for ordinary games
2. get along with age mates
3. building wholesome attitude
4. learning an appropriate masculine or feminine social role
5. developing concepts necessary for everyday living
6. developing conscience, morality and scale of values
7. achieving personal independence
8. developing attitudes toward social groups and institutions
77
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
23 to 28 years old
adolescence
78
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
transition age from childhood to adulthood
adolescence
79
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
pursuit of independency and identity are prominent
adolescence
80
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
thought is more logical, abstract, idealistic, more time spent outside of the family
adolescence
81
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
preparing for an economic career
adolescence
82
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
preparing for marriage and family life
adolescence
83
Developmental task for adolescence stage
1.achieving new and mature relations wit age mates
2. achieving masculine or feminine social role
3. accepting one's physique and using of body effectively
4. achieving emotional independence
5. preparing for marriage and family life
6. acquiring set of values and ethical system as a guide
7. desiring and achieving socially responsible behavior
84
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
achieving emotional independence
adolescence
85
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
ag of adjustment
early adulthood
86
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
19- 29 years old
early adulthood
87
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
establishing personal and economic independence, career development, selecting a mate
early adulthood
88
Developmental task of early childhood
1. selecting a mate
2. learning to live with partner
3. starting family
4. rearing children
5. managing home
6. getting started in occupation
7. taking on civic responsibility
8. finding a congenial social group
89
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
time for work and a time for love
early adulthood
90
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
transition age when adjustment to initial physical and mental decline are experienced
Middle adulthood
91
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
30 -60 years old
Middle adulthood
92
Developmental task of Middle adulthood
1. assisting teenage children
2. developing adult leisure
3. adjusting to aging parents
93
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
adjustment to decreasing strength and health
Late adulthood
94
Stages of human development;
PIBEMAEML
retirement age when increasingly rapid physical and mental are experienced
Late adulthood
95
Developmental task of later maturity of age/ late adulthood
1. adjusting to decreasing physical strength and health
2. adjusting to retirement and reduced income
3. adjusting to death of spouse
4. establishing an explicit affiliation with one's age group
5. adjusting to death of spouse
6. adopting and adapting social roles in flexible way
7. establishing satisfactory physical living arrangements
