Biology (Day 7) Flashcards
1
Q
autotrophic they can produce their own food), multicellular, cell wal is made up of cellulose, has green pigment for photosynthesis
A
plant
2
Q
the most abundant organic compound
A
cellulose
3
Q
study of plants
A
botany
4
Q
kingdom of plant
A
metaphyta/plantea
5
Q
all flowering plants and fruit bearing plants
A
angiosperms
6
Q
male parts
anther
filament
pollen grain
A
stamen
7
Q
female parts
stigma
ovary
style
ovula
A
pastil/carpel
8
Q
all flower parts
A
complete flower
gumamela
9
Q
embryos
monocot
A
one cotyledon
10
Q
leaf variation
monocot
A
parallel
11
Q
stems
monocot
A
vascular bundles usually complexly arranged
12
Q
roots
monocot
A
fibrous
13
Q
flowers
monocot
A
multiple of three
14
Q
embryos
dicot
A
two
15
Q
leaf variation
dicot
A
netlike
16
Q
stems
dicot
A
arranged in ring
17
Q
roots
dicot
A
taproot
18
Q
flower
dicot
A
multiple of four or five
19
Q
photosynthesis, storage, metabolism, alive after mutation
A
parenchyma
20
Q
thickening, and flexible support, give support, aive after mutation
A
collenchyma
21
Q
thickening, protection, dead at maturity
A
sclerenchyma
22
Q
coverage of the plant, covered with cuticle in the shoot of the plants
A
epidermis
23
Q
paired sausage creating a stoma (transpiration- evaporation of water from the leaves
A
guard cells
24
Q
hair on the root for absorption of water and minerals
A
root hair
25
water absorption and anchorage
roots
26
support shoots and transport
stems
27
phtotosynthesis, transpiration, exchange of gases
leaves
28
broad and flat part of a leaf
leaf blade
29
line
leaf veins
30
stalk of a leaf
petiole
31
butterfly like appendages
stipules
32
plant growth and development
auxin
33
gaseous plant hormone, fruit ripening
ethylene
34
class of plant hormone that regualtes cell division, cell differentiation, and cell growth
cytokinin
35
seed germination, flowering and fruit development
gibberellin
36
dormancy in response to environmental stress
abscisic acid
37
study of animals
zoology
38
simplest animal, lack true tissues and organs, they are filter feeders. have a porous body structure
porifera
39
sponges
porifera
40
characterized by the prsensce of cnidoyctes which contain stinging structure called nematocysts
cnidaria
41
jellyfish, corals, sea anemones and hydras
cnidaria
42
unsegmented, cylindrical
nematoda/roundworms
43
ascaris, pinworms
nematoda/roundworm
44
known as flatworm, are soft bodied invertebrates that have flattened body shape
platyhelminthes
45
planarians, tapeworms, flukes
Platyhelminthes
46
segmented worm, each segment has a repeating nephridia (kidney-like organ), have a hydrostatic skeleton and a closed circulatory system
annelida
47
largest phylum, have jointed appendages, and exoskeleton made of chitin, and a segmented body
anthropoda
48
insects __
arachnids__
crustaceans __
myriapods__
anthropoda
6
8
10
8
49
have a soft body often protected by a hard shell, they have a muscular foot for locomotion, a visceral mass containing organs, and a mantle that may secrete the shell
mollusca
50
snails, clams, squids, octopus
mollusca
51
spiny or bumpy skin and a unique water vascular system that aids in locomotion, feeding, and respiration, exhibit radial symmetry as adults
echinodermata
52
sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumber
echinodermata
53
with a notochord (backbone), a hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits or pouches, and a post anal tai
chordata
54
diverse range of organism from fish and birds to reptile, mammals, and humans
chordata
55
study of heredity and variation
genetics
56
genetic is coined by
william bateson or imre festetics
57
units or factors of heredity, and coined by
genes
wilhelm johanssen or walter sutton
58
discrete variation or alternative form of genes
alleles
59
father of genetics, spent 12 years of studying, botanist
gregor johann mendel
60
two contrasting expression of traits, fast rate, sizeable data, hardy plants, not needing much care, self an cross pollination
pisum sativum
61
3 more possible alleles, the ABO blood group, determined by multiple alleles
multiple alleles
62
intermediate phenotype of the two parental varieties
ex. four o'clock flower, snap dragon
incomplete dominance
63
two dominant alleles affect the phenotype in separata
Ex. speckled feather of chicken
codominance
64
traits are expresses
exclusively in one sex or species
Ex. lactation in cattle is expressed in females
sex-limited traits
65
expressed in both sexes but more frequent in one that the other sex
Ex. Baldness in humans common in males
sex-influenced trait
66
found in the sex chromosome, occurs mostly in males
Ex. males are colorblind that females because ,males only have one X chromosome
sex-linked traits ( x-inheritance)
67
DNA molecule makes an identical copy of itself
DNA replication
68
the amount of purines (Adenine and Guanine) equals the amount of pyrimidines ( Thymine and cytosine )
base pairing rule by chargaff's rule
69
adenine always pair with thymine and guanine always pair with cytosine in the DNA double helix
rule of complementary base by chargaff's rule
70
information encoded in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA molecule
transcription
71
the mRNA carries the genetics instructions from the DNA in the cell nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm
transcription
72
in transcription thymine is replaced by
uracil
73
information in mRNA is used to synthesize a specific protein this occurs in ____ where transfer tRNA molecules bring the appropriate amino acids tot he ribosome based on the ___
ribosome
codons
74
three letter sequence in mRNA, sets of three nucleotides (base triplets)
codons
75
there are __ possible codons but only ___ of them code for amino acids
64
61
76
stop codons, signal the end of protein synthesis and do not code for any amino acids
UUU, UAG, UGA
77
start codon, initiating the translation process
AUG
78
frequently used in proteins
UUU(phenylalanine)
UUC ( phenylalanine )
AAA ( lysine)
UGG (trytophan)
79
involved in growth, repair, and maintenance of somatic (body) cells
mitosis
80
essential for sexual reproduction, production of sex cell or gametes
meiosis
81
produce genetically identical daughter cells since there is no exchange of genetic material between chromosomes
mitosis
82
generates genetic diversity in offspring through process like crossing over (exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes)
meiosis
83
occurs in somatic (body) cells to replace damage or worn out cells and promote growth
mitosis
84
occurs in specialized cells (germ cells)
meiosis
85
the resulting cells are haploid and genetically distinct from each other due to genetic recombination
meiosis
86
consist of one division includes stages like PMAT
mitosis
87
the resulting cells are diploid and genetically identical to the parent cell
mitosis
88
consist of two division
meiosis
89
