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TOPNOTCHER > Biology (Day 7) > Flashcards

Biology (Day 7) Flashcards

1
Q

autotrophic they can produce their own food), multicellular, cell wal is made up of cellulose, has green pigment for photosynthesis

A

plant

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2
Q

the most abundant organic compound

A

cellulose

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3
Q

study of plants

A

botany

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4
Q

kingdom of plant

A

metaphyta/plantea

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5
Q

all flowering plants and fruit bearing plants

A

angiosperms

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6
Q

male parts
anther
filament
pollen grain

A

stamen

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7
Q

female parts
stigma
ovary
style
ovula

A

pastil/carpel

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8
Q

all flower parts

A

complete flower
gumamela

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9
Q

embryos

monocot

A

one cotyledon

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10
Q

leaf variation

monocot

A

parallel

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11
Q

stems

monocot

A

vascular bundles usually complexly arranged

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12
Q

roots

monocot

A

fibrous

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13
Q

flowers

monocot

A

multiple of three

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14
Q

embryos

dicot

A

two

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15
Q

leaf variation

dicot

A

netlike

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16
Q

stems

dicot

A

arranged in ring

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17
Q

roots

dicot

A

taproot

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18
Q

flower

dicot

A

multiple of four or five

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19
Q

photosynthesis, storage, metabolism, alive after mutation

A

parenchyma

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20
Q

thickening, and flexible support, give support, aive after mutation

A

collenchyma

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21
Q

thickening, protection, dead at maturity

A

sclerenchyma

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22
Q

coverage of the plant, covered with cuticle in the shoot of the plants

A

epidermis

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23
Q

paired sausage creating a stoma (transpiration- evaporation of water from the leaves

A

guard cells

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24
Q

hair on the root for absorption of water and minerals

A

root hair

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25
Q

water absorption and anchorage

A

roots

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26
Q

support shoots and transport

A

stems

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27
Q

phtotosynthesis, transpiration, exchange of gases

A

leaves

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28
Q

broad and flat part of a leaf

A

leaf blade

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29
Q

line

A

leaf veins

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30
Q

stalk of a leaf

A

petiole

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31
Q

butterfly like appendages

A

stipules

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32
Q

plant growth and development

A

auxin

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33
Q

gaseous plant hormone, fruit ripening

A

ethylene

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34
Q

class of plant hormone that regualtes cell division, cell differentiation, and cell growth

A

cytokinin

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35
Q

seed germination, flowering and fruit development

A

gibberellin

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36
Q

dormancy in response to environmental stress

A

abscisic acid

37
Q

study of animals

A

zoology

38
Q

simplest animal, lack true tissues and organs, they are filter feeders. have a porous body structure

A

porifera

39
Q

sponges

A

porifera

40
Q

characterized by the prsensce of cnidoyctes which contain stinging structure called nematocysts

A

cnidaria

41
Q

jellyfish, corals, sea anemones and hydras

A

cnidaria

42
Q

unsegmented, cylindrical

A

nematoda/roundworms

43
Q

ascaris, pinworms

A

nematoda/roundworm

44
Q

known as flatworm, are soft bodied invertebrates that have flattened body shape

A

platyhelminthes

45
Q

planarians, tapeworms, flukes

A

Platyhelminthes

46
Q

segmented worm, each segment has a repeating nephridia (kidney-like organ), have a hydrostatic skeleton and a closed circulatory system

A

annelida

47
Q

largest phylum, have jointed appendages, and exoskeleton made of chitin, and a segmented body

A

anthropoda

48
Q

insects __
arachnids__
crustaceans __
myriapods__

A

anthropoda
6
8
10
8

49
Q

have a soft body often protected by a hard shell, they have a muscular foot for locomotion, a visceral mass containing organs, and a mantle that may secrete the shell

A

mollusca

50
Q

snails, clams, squids, octopus

A

mollusca

51
Q

spiny or bumpy skin and a unique water vascular system that aids in locomotion, feeding, and respiration, exhibit radial symmetry as adults

A

echinodermata

52
Q

sea stars, sea urchins, sea cucumber

A

echinodermata

53
Q

with a notochord (backbone), a hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits or pouches, and a post anal tai

A

chordata

54
Q

diverse range of organism from fish and birds to reptile, mammals, and humans

A

chordata

55
Q

study of heredity and variation

A

genetics

56
Q

genetic is coined by

A

william bateson or imre festetics

57
Q

units or factors of heredity, and coined by

A

genes
wilhelm johanssen or walter sutton

58
Q

discrete variation or alternative form of genes

A

alleles

59
Q

father of genetics, spent 12 years of studying, botanist

A

gregor johann mendel

60
Q

two contrasting expression of traits, fast rate, sizeable data, hardy plants, not needing much care, self an cross pollination

A

pisum sativum

61
Q

3 more possible alleles, the ABO blood group, determined by multiple alleles

A

multiple alleles

62
Q

intermediate phenotype of the two parental varieties

ex. four o’clock flower, snap dragon

A

incomplete dominance

63
Q

two dominant alleles affect the phenotype in separata
Ex. speckled feather of chicken

A

codominance

64
Q

traits are expresses
exclusively in one sex or species
Ex. lactation in cattle is expressed in females

A

sex-limited traits

65
Q

expressed in both sexes but more frequent in one that the other sex
Ex. Baldness in humans common in males

A

sex-influenced trait

66
Q

found in the sex chromosome, occurs mostly in males
Ex. males are colorblind that females because ,males only have one X chromosome

A

sex-linked traits ( x-inheritance)

67
Q

DNA molecule makes an identical copy of itself

A

DNA replication

68
Q

the amount of purines (Adenine and Guanine) equals the amount of pyrimidines ( Thymine and cytosine )

A

base pairing rule by chargaff’s rule

69
Q

adenine always pair with thymine and guanine always pair with cytosine in the DNA double helix

A

rule of complementary base by chargaff’s rule

70
Q

information encoded in a DNA sequence is copied into a complementary RNA molecule

A

transcription

71
Q

the mRNA carries the genetics instructions from the DNA in the cell nucleus to the ribosome in the cytoplasm

A

transcription

72
Q

in transcription thymine is replaced by

A

uracil

73
Q

information in mRNA is used to synthesize a specific protein this occurs in ____ where transfer tRNA molecules bring the appropriate amino acids tot he ribosome based on the ___

A

ribosome
codons

74
Q

three letter sequence in mRNA, sets of three nucleotides (base triplets)

A

codons

75
Q

there are __ possible codons but only ___ of them code for amino acids

A

64
61

76
Q

stop codons, signal the end of protein synthesis and do not code for any amino acids

A

UUU, UAG, UGA

77
Q

start codon, initiating the translation process

A

AUG

78
Q

frequently used in proteins

A

UUU(phenylalanine)
UUC ( phenylalanine )
AAA ( lysine)
UGG (trytophan)

79
Q

involved in growth, repair, and maintenance of somatic (body) cells

A

mitosis

80
Q

essential for sexual reproduction, production of sex cell or gametes

A

meiosis

81
Q

produce genetically identical daughter cells since there is no exchange of genetic material between chromosomes

A

mitosis

82
Q

generates genetic diversity in offspring through process like crossing over (exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes)

A

meiosis

83
Q

occurs in somatic (body) cells to replace damage or worn out cells and promote growth

A

mitosis

84
Q

occurs in specialized cells (germ cells)

A

meiosis

85
Q

the resulting cells are haploid and genetically distinct from each other due to genetic recombination

A

meiosis

86
Q

consist of one division includes stages like PMAT

A

mitosis

87
Q

the resulting cells are diploid and genetically identical to the parent cell

A

mitosis

88
Q

consist of two division

A

meiosis

89
Q
A

TOPNOTCHER (50 decks)

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