Child and Adolescent (Day 38) Flashcards by wella marish paragoso

Q

Cognitive development by

A

Jean Piaget

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Basic cognitive concepts by Jean Piaget;

The cognitive structure by which individuals intellectually adapt to organize their environment

A

Schema

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Basic cognitive concepts by Jean Piaget;

the process of fitting new experience into an existing created schema, adding new information to the schema

A

Assimilation

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Basic cognitive concepts by Jean Piaget;

the process of creating new schema

A

Accommodation

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Basic cognitive concepts by Jean Piaget;

achieving proper balance between assimilation and accomodations

A

Equilibrium

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Stages of cognitive development;
SPCF

A

sensorimotor
preoperational stage
concrete operational stage
formal operational stage

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Stages of cognitive development;
SPCF

birth to 2 years (infancy)

A

Sensorimotor

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Stages of cognitive development;
SPCF

reflexive in grasping, sucking, reaching. Focuses on the prominence of the senses and muscle movement

A

sensorimotor

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Stages of cognitive development;
SPCF

senses and muscle mpovement

A

sensorimotor

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Stages of cognitive development;
SPCF

aim to provide a rich and stimulating environment with appropriate objects to play with

A

sensormoto

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

ability to attend in this stage where he knows that an object still exists even when out of sight

A

object prominence

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Stages of cognitive development;
SPCF

2 to 7 years old

A

pre-operational stage

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Stages of cognitive development;
SPCF

pre-school

A

pre-operational stage

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

A

Symbolic function
egocentrism
centration
lack of conservation
irreversibility
animism
realism
artificialism
transductive reasoning

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

the ability to represent objects and events

A

symbolic functions

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

tendency of a child to only see his point of view and assume that everyone else also has his same point of view

A

egocentrism

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

tendency of a child to only focus on one thing or event and exclude other aspects

A

centration

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

remain unchanged despite looking different

A

lack of conservation

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

inability to reverse their thinking

A

irreversibility

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

attribute human like traits to inanimate objects

A

animism

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

believing that psychological events such as dreams, are real

A

realism

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

belief that natural events are man-made

A

artificialism

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Pre-operational stage;
SECLIARAT

errors in cause-effect relationship

A

transductive reasoning

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Q

Stages of cognitive development;
SPCF

7 to 11 years old

A

concrete operational stage

How well did you know this?

1

Not at all

2

3

4

5

Perfectly

Stages of cognitive development; SPCF elementary years

concrete operational stage

Stages of cognitive development; SPCF this stage is characterized by the ability of the child to think logically but only in terms of concrete objects/real objects

concrete operational stage

Concrete operational stage; DRCSCI

1. decentering 2. reversibility 3. conservation 4. seriation 5. classification 6. inductive reasoning

Concrete operational stage; DRCSCI perceive the different features of object and situations

decentering

Concrete operational stage; DRCSCI certain operations can be done in reverse

reversibility

Concrete operational stage; DRCSCI certain properties of objects like number, mass, volume, or area do not change even if there is a change in appearance

conservation

Concrete operational stage; DRCSCI ability to arrange things in a series based on one dimension such as weight, volume, size

seriation

Concrete operational stage; DRCSCI classify things according to one dimension/aspect

classification

Concrete operational stage; DRCSCI from specific to general

inductive reasoning

Stages of cognitive development; SPCF 11 years old and above

formal operational stage

Stages of cognitive development; SPCF adolescence & above

formal operational stage

Stages of cognitive development; SPCF thinking becomes more logical. They can now solve abstract problems and can hypothesize

formal operational stage

formal operational stage; HAD

1. hypothetical reasoning 2. analogical reasoning 3. deductive reasoning

formal operational stage; HAD come up with different hypothesis about a problem and weigh data to make judgement

hypothetical reasoning

formal operational stage; HAD ability to receive the relationship in one instance and use that relationship to narrow down possible answers in similar options

analogical reasoning

formal operational stage; HAD ability to think logically by applying a general rue to to a particular

deductive reasoning

Socio-cultural theory by

Lev Vygotsky

theory is that social interaction plays a very important role in cognitive development

socio-cultural theory

two central factors in cognitive development by lev vygotsky

social interaction culture

is also another factor in the cognitive development

language

a form of self-talk that guides the child's thinking and action

Private speech

is the difference between what a child can accomplish alone and what she can accomplish with the guidance of another

Zone proximal development

the zone represents ______ where a knowledgeable adults such as teacher or parent or more advanced peer can assist the child's development

learning opportunity

competent adult or more advance peer

more knowledgeable other

the support or assistance that lets the child accomplish a task he cannot accomplish independently

Scaffolding

Scaffoldings should involves ________assistance given by the adult or peer so that the child can move form the zone of actual development to the proximal development

Judicious

Piaget vs Vygotsky more individual in focus

Piaget

Piaget vs Vygotsky believed that there are universal stages of cognitive development

Piaget

Piaget vs Vygotsky did not give much emphasis on language

Piaget

Piaget vs Vygotsky more social in focus`

Vygotsky

Piaget vs Vygotsky did not propose stages but emphasized on cultural factors in cognitive development

Vygotsky

Piaget vs Vygotsky stressed the role of language in cognitive development

Vygotsky

Moral development theory by

Lawrence Kohlberg

Kohlberg's stages of moral development; PCP

level 1 pre-conventional level 2 conventional level 3 post-conventional

Kohlberg's stages of moral development; PCP Do not really understand the conventions/rules of society

level 1 pre-conventional

Kohlberg's stages of moral development; PCP they know what is right or wrong but don't understand

level 1 pre-conventional

level 1 pre-conventional; PI

stage 1. punishment-obedience orientation stage 2. instrumental relativist orientation

level 1 pre-conventional; PI consequences of acts determine whether they're good or bad/ based the morality on punishment

stage 1 punishment-obedience orientation

level 1 pre-conventional; PI the ethics of "what's in for me?" obeying rules and exchanging favors are judged in terms of the benefit to the individual, mutual benefits

stage 2 instrumental relativist orientation

Kohlberg's stages of moral development; PCP children knew right & wrong and understand it, people at this stage conform to the conventions/rules of society

conventional

conventional; GL

1. good boy- nice girl orientation 2. law and order orientation

conventional; GL ethical decision are based on concern for or the opinions of others/ social approval

stage 3 good boy-nice girl orientation

conventional; GL right behavior consist in doing one's duty, showing respect for authority, and maintaining the given social order for its own sake

stage 4 law and order orientation

Kohlberg's stages of moral development; PCP the moral principles that underline the conventions of a society are understood

post-conventional

post-conventional; SU

1. social contract orientationpost-conventional; SU 2. universal ethical principle orientation

post-conventional; SU rules and laws represent agreements among people about behavior that benefits society.

stage 5 Social contract orientation

post-conventional; SU right is defined by the decision of conscience in accord with self-chosen ethical principles, we make our personal moral code

stage 6 universal ethical principle orientation

metacognition by

John Flavell

thinking about thinking learning how to learn

metacognition

3 categories of metacognition; PTS

1. person variable 2. task variable 3. strategy variable

3 categories of metacognition; PTS how human beings learn and process information, know how you learn, multiple intelligences

person variable

3 categories of metacognition; PTS knowledge about the nature of the tasks, demands

task variable

3 categories of metacognition; PTS involve awareness of the strategy, evaluating whether the strategy is effcetive

task variable

Strategy variables; AM

1. meta-attention 2. meta-memory

Strategy variables; AM specific strategies

meta-attention

Strategy variables; AM memory strategies

meta-memory