Chapter 6: Lab Test, Clinical Procedure, Abbreviations

Question 1

amylase and lipase tests

Answer 1

tests for the levels of amylase and lipase enzymes in the blood

Question 2

liver function tests (LFTs)

Answer 2

Tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood

Question 3

stool culture

Answer 3

test for microorganisms present in feces

Question 4

stool guaiac test or hemoccult test

Answer 4

test to detect occult (hidden) blood in feces

Question 5

lower gastrointestinal series

Answer 5

x-ray images of the colon and rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum

Question 6

upper gastrointestinal series

Answer 6

x-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestines obtained after adminstering barium my mouth

Question 7

cholangiography

Answer 7

x-ray examination of the biliary system performed after injection of contrast into the bile ducts

Question 8

computer tomography (CT)

Answer 8

A series of x-ray images are taken in multiple views (especially cross section)

Question 9

abdominal ultrasonography

Answer 9

sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera

Question 10

endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)

Answer 10

use of an endoscope combined with ultrasound to examine the organs of the gastrointestinal tract

Question 11

magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 11

magnetic waves produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body

Question 12

HIDA scan

Answer 12

radioactive imaging procedure that tracts the production and flow of bile from the liver and gallbladder to the intestine

Question 13

gastric bypass of bariatric surgery

Answer 13

reducing the size of the stomach and diverting food to the jejunum (gastrojejunostomy)

Question 14

gastrointestinal endoscopy

Answer 14

visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract using an endoscope

Question 15

laparoscopy

Answer 15

visual (endoscopic) examination of the abdomen with a laparoscope inserted through small incisions in the abdomen

Question 16

liver biopsy

Answer 16

removal of liver tissue for microscopic examination

Question 17

nasogastric intubation

Answer 17

insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach

Question 18

paracentesis (abdominocentesis)

Answer 18

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen

Question 19

alk phos

Answer 19

alkaline phosphate

Question 20

ALT, AST

Answer 20

alkanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase–enzymes measured to evaluate liver function

Question 21

BE

Answer 21

barium enema

Question 22

BM

Answer 22

bowel movement

Question 23

BRBPR

Answer 23

bright red blood per rectum–hematochezia (Latin per means through)

Question 24

CD

Answer 24

celiac disease

Question 25

CT

Answer 25

computed tomography

Question 26

EGD

Answer 26

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

Question 27

ERCP

Answer 27

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopacreatography

Question 28

EUS

Answer 28

endoscopic ultrasonography

Question 29

FOBT

Answer 29

fecal occult blood test

Question 30

G tube

Answer 30

gastrostomy tube; also called stomach tube and PEG tube–used to introduce nutrients into the stomach after insertion through the abdominal wall with laparoscopic instruments

Question 31

GB

Answer 31

gallbladder

Question 32

GERD

Answer 32

gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 33

GI

Answer 33

gastrointestinal

Question 34

HBV

Answer 34

hepatitis B virus

Question 35

IBD

Answer 35

inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis)

Question 36

LAC

Answer 36

laparoscopic-assisted colectomy

Question 37

LFTs

Answer 37

Liver Function tests–alk phos, bilirubin, AST, ALT

Question 38

MRI

Answer 38

magnetic resonance imaging

Question 39

NG tube

Answer 39

nasogastric tube

Question 40

NPO

Answer 40

nothing by mouth (Latin nil per os)

Question 41

PEG tube

Answer 41

percutaneous endoscope gastrostomy tube–feeding tube

Question 42

PEJ tube

Answer 42

percutaneous endoscope jejunostomy tube–feeding tube

Question 43

PTHC

Answer 43

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

Question 44

PUD

Answer 44

peptic ulcer disease

Question 45

TPN

Answer 45

total parenteral nutrition

Question 46

T Tube

Answer 46

tube placed in the bile duct for drainage into a small pouch on the outside of the body