Chapter 14: Terms & Abbreviations Flashcards
immun/o
protections
lymph/o
lymph
lymphaden/o
lymph node (gland)
splen/o
spleen
thym/o
thymus gland
tox/o
poison
ana-
again, new
inter-
between
AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
CD4+ cell
helper T cell
CD8+ cell
cytotoxic T cell
CMV
cytomegalovirus–causes opportunistic AIDS-related infection
crypto
cryptococcus–causes opportunistic AIDS-related infection
ELISA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay–test to detect anti-HIV anitbodies
G-CSF
granulocyte colony-stimulating factor–cytokine that promotes neutrophil production
GM-CSF
granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor–cytokine growth of myeloid progenitor cells and their differentiation to granulocytes
HAART
highly active antiretroviral therapy–use of combinations of drugs that are effective against AIDS
HD
Hodgkin disease
Histo
histoplasmosis–fungal infection seen in AIDS patients
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus–causes AIDS
HSV
herpes simplex virus
IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM
immunoglobins
IL1 to IL15
interleukins
KS
Kaposi sarcoma
MAI
mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
MoAB
monoclonal antibody
NHL
non-Hodgkin lymphoma
PCP
Pneumocystis pneumonia–opportunistic AIDS-related infection
PI
protease inhibitor
RTI
reverse trascriptase inhibitor
example: zidocudine (Retrovir) or lamivudine (Epivir)
SCID
severe combined immunodeficiency disease
Treg
regulatory T cell (suppressor T cell)
Toxo
tocoplasmosis–parasitic infection associated with AIDS
allergen
substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body
anaphylaxis
exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance
atopy
hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition
CD4+ cells
Helper T cells that carry the CD4 protein antigen on their surface. HIV binds to CD4 and infects and kills T cells bearing this protein. AIDS patients have an inadequate number of CD4+ cells
Hodgkin disease
malignant tumour of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph nodes; Reed-Sternberg cell often is found on microscopic analysis
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS
Kaposi sarcoma
malignant lesion associated with AIDS; arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as red, purple, brown or black skin nodules
non-Hodgkin lymphomas
group of malignant tumours involving lymphoid tissue
example: follicular lymphoma and large cell lymphoma
opportunistic infections
infectious diseases associated with AIDS; they occur because HIV infection lower the body’s resistance and allows infection by bacteria and parasites that normally are easily contained
protease inhibitor
drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV
reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI)
drugs that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV
wasting syndrome
weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite, and mental activity; associated with AIDS