Chapter 14: Terms & Abbreviations

Question 1

immun/o

Answer 1

protections

Question 2

lymph/o

Answer 2

lymph

Question 3

lymphaden/o

Answer 3

lymph node (gland)

Question 4

splen/o

Answer 4

spleen

Question 5

thym/o

Answer 5

thymus gland

Question 6

tox/o

Answer 6

poison

Question 7

ana-

Answer 7

again, new

Question 8

inter-

Answer 8

between

Question 9

AIDS

Answer 9

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Question 10

CD4+ cell

Answer 10

helper T cell

Question 11

CD8+ cell

Answer 11

cytotoxic T cell

Question 12

CMV

Answer 12

cytomegalovirus–causes opportunistic AIDS-related infection

Question 13

crypto

Answer 13

cryptococcus–causes opportunistic AIDS-related infection

Question 14

ELISA

Answer 14

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay–test to detect anti-HIV anitbodies

Question 15

G-CSF

Answer 15

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor–cytokine that promotes neutrophil production

Question 16

GM-CSF

Answer 16

granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor–cytokine growth of myeloid progenitor cells and their differentiation to granulocytes

Question 17

HAART

Answer 17

highly active antiretroviral therapy–use of combinations of drugs that are effective against AIDS

Question 18

HD

Answer 18

Hodgkin disease

Question 19

Histo

Answer 19

histoplasmosis–fungal infection seen in AIDS patients

Question 20

HIV

Answer 20

human immunodeficiency virus–causes AIDS

Question 21

HSV

Answer 21

herpes simplex virus

Question 22

IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

Answer 22

immunoglobins

Question 23

IL1 to IL15

Answer 23

interleukins

Question 24

KS

Answer 24

Kaposi sarcoma

Question 25

MAI

Answer 25

mycobacterium avium-intracellulare

Question 26

MoAB

Answer 26

monoclonal antibody

Question 27

NHL

Answer 27

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 28

PCP

Answer 28

Pneumocystis pneumonia–opportunistic AIDS-related infection

Question 29

PI

Answer 29

protease inhibitor

Question 30

RTI

Answer 30

reverse trascriptase inhibitor

example: zidocudine (Retrovir) or lamivudine (Epivir)

Question 31

SCID

Answer 31

severe combined immunodeficiency disease

Question 32

Treg

Answer 32

regulatory T cell (suppressor T cell)

Question 33

Toxo

Answer 33

tocoplasmosis–parasitic infection associated with AIDS

Question 34

allergen

Answer 34

substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body

Question 35

anaphylaxis

Answer 35

exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance

Question 36

atopy

Answer 36

hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition

Question 37

CD4+ cells

Answer 37

Helper T cells that carry the CD4 protein antigen on their surface. HIV binds to CD4 and infects and kills T cells bearing this protein. AIDS patients have an inadequate number of CD4+ cells

Question 38

Hodgkin disease

Answer 38

malignant tumour of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph nodes; Reed-Sternberg cell often is found on microscopic analysis

Question 39

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Answer 39

virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS

Question 40

Kaposi sarcoma

Answer 40

malignant lesion associated with AIDS; arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as red, purple, brown or black skin nodules

Question 41

non-Hodgkin lymphomas

Answer 41

group of malignant tumours involving lymphoid tissue

example: follicular lymphoma and large cell lymphoma

Question 42

opportunistic infections

Answer 42

infectious diseases associated with AIDS; they occur because HIV infection lower the body’s resistance and allows infection by bacteria and parasites that normally are easily contained

Question 43

protease inhibitor

Answer 43

drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV

Question 44

reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI)

Answer 44

drugs that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV

Question 45

wasting syndrome

Answer 45

weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite, and mental activity; associated with AIDS