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Medical Terminology > Chapter 14: Terms & Abbreviations > Flashcards

Chapter 14: Terms & Abbreviations Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

immun/o

A

protections

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2
Q

lymph/o

A

lymph

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3
Q

lymphaden/o

A

lymph node (gland)

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4
Q

splen/o

A

spleen

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5
Q

thym/o

A

thymus gland

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6
Q

tox/o

A

poison

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7
Q

ana-

A

again, new

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8
Q

inter-

A

between

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9
Q

AIDS

A

acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

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10
Q

CD4+ cell

A

helper T cell

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11
Q

CD8+ cell

A

cytotoxic T cell

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12
Q

CMV

A

cytomegalovirus–causes opportunistic AIDS-related infection

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13
Q

crypto

A

cryptococcus–causes opportunistic AIDS-related infection

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14
Q

ELISA

A

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay–test to detect anti-HIV anitbodies

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15
Q

G-CSF

A

granulocyte colony-stimulating factor–cytokine that promotes neutrophil production

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16
Q

GM-CSF

A

granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor–cytokine growth of myeloid progenitor cells and their differentiation to granulocytes

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17
Q

HAART

A

highly active antiretroviral therapy–use of combinations of drugs that are effective against AIDS

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18
Q

HD

A

Hodgkin disease

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19
Q

Histo

A

histoplasmosis–fungal infection seen in AIDS patients

20
Q

HIV

A

human immunodeficiency virus–causes AIDS

21
Q

HSV

A

herpes simplex virus

22
Q

IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG, IgM

A

immunoglobins

23
Q

IL1 to IL15

A

interleukins

24
Q

KS

A

Kaposi sarcoma

25
Q

MAI

A

mycobacterium avium-intracellulare

26
Q

MoAB

A

monoclonal antibody

27
Q

NHL

A

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

28
Q

PCP

A

Pneumocystis pneumonia–opportunistic AIDS-related infection

29
Q

PI

A

protease inhibitor

30
Q

RTI

A

reverse trascriptase inhibitor

example: zidocudine (Retrovir) or lamivudine (Epivir)

31
Q

SCID

A

severe combined immunodeficiency disease

32
Q

Treg

A

regulatory T cell (suppressor T cell)

33
Q

Toxo

A

tocoplasmosis–parasitic infection associated with AIDS

34
Q

allergen

A

substance capable of causing a specific hypersensitivity reaction in the body

35
Q

anaphylaxis

A

exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance

36
Q

atopy

A

hypersensitive or allergic state involving an inherited predisposition

37
Q

CD4+ cells

A

Helper T cells that carry the CD4 protein antigen on their surface. HIV binds to CD4 and infects and kills T cells bearing this protein. AIDS patients have an inadequate number of CD4+ cells

38
Q

Hodgkin disease

A

malignant tumour of lymphoid tissue in spleen and lymph nodes; Reed-Sternberg cell often is found on microscopic analysis

39
Q

human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

A

virus (retrovirus) that causes AIDS

40
Q

Kaposi sarcoma

A

malignant lesion associated with AIDS; arises from the lining of capillaries and appears as red, purple, brown or black skin nodules

41
Q

non-Hodgkin lymphomas

A

group of malignant tumours involving lymphoid tissue

example: follicular lymphoma and large cell lymphoma

42
Q

opportunistic infections

A

infectious diseases associated with AIDS; they occur because HIV infection lower the body’s resistance and allows infection by bacteria and parasites that normally are easily contained

43
Q

protease inhibitor

A

drug that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV

44
Q

reverse transcriptase inhibitor (RTI)

A

drugs that treats AIDS by blocking the production of protease, a proteolytic enzyme that helps create new viral pieces for HIV

45
Q

wasting syndrome

A

weight loss, decrease in muscular strength, appetite, and mental activity; associated with AIDS

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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