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Medical Terminology > Chapter 18: Need to Know > Flashcards

Chapter 18: Need to Know Flashcards

1
Q

goiter

A

enlargement of the thyroid gland, due to lack of iodine

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2
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

overactivity of the thyroid gland; thyrotoxicosis

example: Graves disease

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3
Q

hypothyroidism

A

underactivity of the thyroid gland

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4
Q

myxedema

A

advanced hypothyroidism in adulthood

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5
Q

cretinism

A

extreme hypotbyroidism during infancy and childhood

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6
Q

hypoparathyroidism

A

deficient production of parathyroid hormone

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7
Q

hyperparathyroidism

A

excessive production of parathormone

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8
Q

tetany

A

constant muscle contraction

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9
Q

hirsutism

A

excessive hair on the face or body

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10
Q

Addison disease

A

hypofuctioning of the adrenal cortex

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11
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

lack of insulin secretion or resistance of insulin in promoting sugar, starch, and fat metabolism in cells

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12
Q

ketoacidosis

A

fats are improperly burned, leading to an accumulation of ketones and acids in the body

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13
Q

acromegaly

A

hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary after puberty, leading to enlargement of extremities

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14
Q

gigantism

A

hypersecretion of growth hormone from the anterior pituitary before puberty, leading to abnormal overgrowth of body tissues

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15
Q

dwarfism

A

congenital hyposecretion of growth hormone; hypopituitary dwarfism

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16
Q

panhypopituitarism

A

deficiency of all pituitary hormones

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17
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

insufficient secretion of antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin)

18
Q

exophthalmometry

A

measurement of eyeball protrusion with an exophthalmometer

19
Q

thyroid scan

A

scanner detects radioactivity and visualizes the thyroid gland

20
Q

thyroid function tests

A

measurement of T3, T4, and TSH in the bloodstream

21
Q

ACTH

A

adrenocorticotropin hormone

22
Q

ADH

A

antidiuretic hormone–vasopressin

23
Q

DI

A

diabetes insipidus

24
Q

DM

A

diabetes mellitus

25
Q

FBG

A

fasting blood glucose

26
Q

FBS

A

fasting blood sugar

27
Q

FSH

A

follicle-stimulating hormone

28
Q

GH

A

growth hormone

29
Q

GTT

A

glucose tolerance test–measures ability to respond to a glucose load; a test for diabetes

30
Q

HbA1C

or HBA1C

A

test for the presence of glucose attached to hemoglobin (glycosylated hemoglobin test); a high level indicates poor glucose control in diabetic patients

31
Q

hCG or HCG

A

human chorionic gonadotropin

32
Q

IDDM

A

insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

33
Q

LH

A

luteinizing hormone

34
Q

NIDDM

A

non-insulin diabetes mellitus

35
Q

OT

OXT

36
Q

PRL

37
Q

PTH

A

parathyroid hormone (parathormone)

38
Q

T3

A

triiodothyronine

39
Q

T4

A

thyroxine–tetraiodothyronine

40
Q

TSH

A

thyroid-stimulating hormone–secreted by the anterior pituitary gland

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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