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Medical Terminology > Chapter 12: Need to Know > Flashcards

Chapter 12: Need to Know Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

apex of the lung

A

tip or uppermost portion of the lung

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2
Q

cilia

A

thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract

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3
Q

hilum of the lung

A

midline region where the bronchi, blood vessel, and nerves enter and exit the lungs

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4
Q

mediastinum

A

region between the lungs in the chest cavity. contains trachea, heart, lymph nodes, aorta, esophagus, bronchial tubes

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5
Q

nares

A

openings through the nose carrying air into the nasal cavities

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6
Q

orthopnea

A

abnormal condition where breathing is easier in the upright position

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7
Q

capn/o

A

carbon dioxide

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8
Q

coni/o

A

dust

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9
Q

phon/o

A

voice

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10
Q

phren/o

A

diaphragm

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11
Q

spir/o

A

breathing

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12
Q

tel/o

A

complete

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13
Q

-osmia

A

smell

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14
Q

-sphyxia

A

pulse

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15
Q

-thorax

A

pleural cavity, chest

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16
Q

-ectasis

A

dilation, widening

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17
Q

auscultation

A

listening to sounds within the body

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18
Q

percussion

A

tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure

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19
Q

pleural rub

A

scratchy sound produced by pleural surfaces rubbing against each other

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20
Q

rales ( crackles)

A

fine crackling sounds head on auscultation (during inhalation) when there is fluid in the alveoli

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21
Q

rhonchi

singular: rhonchus

A

loud rumbling sounds heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum

22
Q

sputum

A

material expelled from the bronchi, lungs or upper respiratory tract by spitting

23
Q

wheezes

A

continuous high-pitched whistling sounds produced during breathing

24
Q

epistaxis

A

nosebleed

25
Q

asthma

A

chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production

26
Q

atelectasis

A

collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

27
Q

emphysema

A

hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

28
Q

pneumonia

A

acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction

29
Q

pulmonary edema

A

fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

30
Q

pneumothorax

A

collection of air in the pleural space

31
Q

bronchoscopy

A

fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes

32
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx and trachea to establish airway

33
Q

pulmonary function tests

A

tests that measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs: airway function, lung volume, and the capacity of the lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide efficiently

34
Q

thoracentesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space

35
Q

tuberculin test

A

determines past or present tuberculous infection based on a positive skin reaction

36
Q

pulmonary embolism (PE)

A

clot or other material lodges in vessels of the lung

37
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative

38
Q

ABGs

A

arterial blood gases

39
Q

AFB

A

acid-fast bacilus

40
Q

COPD

A

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

41
Q

C&S

A

culture and sensitivity

42
Q

CTA

A

clear to auscultation

43
Q

ICU

A

intensive care unit

44
Q

LLL

A

left lower lobe

45
Q

LUL

A

left upper lobe

46
Q

PE

A

pulmonary embolism

47
Q

PFTs

A

pulmonary function tests

48
Q

PND

A

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

49
Q

PPD

A

purified protein derivative

50
Q

RLL

A

right lower lobe

51
Q

TB

A

tuberculosis

52
Q

RUL

A

right upper lobe

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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