Chapter 11: Need to Know Terms Flashcards by Ting C.

aorta

largest artery in the body

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arteriole

small artery

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artery

largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body

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coronary arteries

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

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deoxygenated blood

blood that is oxygen-poor

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diastole

relaxation phase of the heartbeat (Greek diastole, dilation)

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electrocardiogram

record of the electricity flowing through the heart. electricity is represented by waves or deflections called P, QRS, or T

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endocardium

inner lining of the heart

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endothelium

innermost lining of blood vessels

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mitral valve

value between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

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murmur

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves

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myocardium

muscular, middle layer of the heart

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septum

septa

four chambers of the heart separated by partitions

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sphygmomanometer

instrument to measure blood pressure

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systole

contraction phase of the heartbeat. (Greek systole, contraction)

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tricuspid valve

located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three leaflets, or cusps

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valve

structure in veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction

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vein

thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart. veins contain valves to prevent backflow of blood

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ventricle

one of two lower chambers of the heart

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venule

small vein

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auscultation

listening to the internal sounds of the body

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arrhythmias

abnormal heart rhythms

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flutter

rapid but regular contractions, usually of the atria

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fibrillation

very rapid, random, inefficient and irregular contractions of the heart (350 or more beats per minute)

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atrial fibrillation (AF)

most common type of cardiac arrhythmia

palpitations

uncomfortable sensations in the chest from missed heartbeats

ventricular fibrillation (VF)

electrical impulses move randomly throughout the ventricles

implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)

small electrical device that is implanted inside the chest to sense arrhythmias and terminate them with an electric shock

congestive heart failure (CHF)

heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

congenital heart disease

abnormalities in the heart at birth

CABG

coronary artery bypass grafting

PCI

percutaneous coronary intervention

endocarditis

inflammation of the inner lining of the heart

MVP

mitral valve prolapse

bruit

abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard during auscultation of an artery or organ

thrill

vibration felt over an area of turmoil in blood flow

aneurysm

local widening (dilation) of an arterial wall

AAA

abdominal aortic aneurysm

DVT

deep vein thrombosis

PAD

peripheral arterial disease

angina

chest pain resulting from myocardial ischemia

cardiac arrest

sudden, unexpected stoppage of heart action, often leading to sudden cardiac death

embolus | emboli

clot or other substance that travels to a distant location and suddenly blocks a blood vessel

infarction

area of dead tissue

occlusion

closure of a blood vessel due to blockage

pericardial friction rub

scraping or grating noise heard on auscultation of the heart

vegetations

clumps of platelets, clotting proteins, microorganisms, and red blood cells on diseased heart valves

BNP Test

measurement of BNP ( brain natriuretic peptide) in blood

lipid tests (lipid profile)

measurement of cholesterol and triglycerides (fats) in a blood sample

lioprotein electrophoresis

lipoproteins (combinations of fat and protein) are physically separated and measured in a blood sample

angiography

x-ray imaging of blood vessels after injection of contrast material

cardiac catheterization

thin, flexible tube is guided into the heart via a vein or an artery

electrocardiography (ECG)

recording of electricity flowing though the heart

(ECG)

electrocardiography

Holter monitering

an ECG device is worn during a 24-hour period to detect cardiac arrhythmias

endarterectomy

surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery

PCI

percutaneous coronary intervention

AF, a-fib

atrial fibrillation

blood pressure

CABG

coronary artery bypass grafting

CAD

coronary artery disease

CCU

coronary care unit

CHF

congestive heart failure

CPR

cardiopulmonary resuscitation

DVT

deep vein thrombosis

ECG or EKG

electrocardiography

ECHO

echocardiography

ETT

exercise tolerance test

myocardial infarction

MVP

mitral valve prolapse

SOB

shortness of breath

SVT

supraventricular tachycardia; rapid heartbeats arising from the atria and causing palpitations, SOB, and dizziness

Chapter 11: Need to Know Terms Flashcards

(72 cards)