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Medical Terminology > Chapter 5+6: Need to Know > Flashcards

Chapter 5+6: Need to Know Flashcards

1
Q

four function of body

A

ingestion, digestion, absorption, elimination

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2
Q

bilirubin

A

pigment in bile

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3
Q

common bile duct

A

carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the duodenum to the choledochus

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4
Q

gallbladder

A

small sac under the liver; stores bile

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5
Q

ileum

A

third part of the small intestine

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6
Q

mastication

A

chewing

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7
Q

lower esophageal sphincter (LES)

A

ring of muscles between the esophagus and stomach. also called cardiac sphincter

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8
Q

peristalsis

A

rhythmic contractions of the tubular organs

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9
Q

pharynx

A

throat, common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose

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10
Q

bucc/o

A

cheek

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11
Q

cec/o

A

cecum

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12
Q

celi/o

A

belly, abdomen

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13
Q

cheil/o

A

lip

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14
Q

labi/o

A

lip

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15
Q

choledoch/o

A

common bile duct

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16
Q

dent/i

A

tooth

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17
Q

TPN

A

total parenteral nutrition

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18
Q

anorexia

A

lack of appetite

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19
Q

ascites

A

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen

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20
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent passage of loose, watery stools

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21
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty in swallowing

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22
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of fresh, bright red blood from the rectum

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23
Q

jaundice

A

yellow-orange colouration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood

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24
Q

steatorrhea

A

fat in the feces; foul-smelling fecal matter

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25
Q

achalasia

A

failure of the lower esophagus sphincter (LES) muscle to relax

26
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease (heartburn)

GERD

A

solids and fluids return to the mouth from the stomach

27
Q

hernia

A

protrusion of an organ or part through the tissues and muscles normally containing it

28
Q

Crohn disease (“Crohn’s”)

A

chronic inflammation of the intestinal tract

29
Q

diverticulosis

A

abnormal outpouchings in the intestinal wall of the colon

30
Q

dysentery

A

painful, inflamed intestines commonly caused by bacterial infection

31
Q

hemorrhoids

A

swollen, twisted, varicose veins in the rectal region

32
Q

intussusception

A

telescoping of the intestines

33
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the intestine on itself

34
Q

IBS

A

irritable bowel syndrome

35
Q

cholelithiasis

A

gallstones in the gallbladder

36
Q

cirrhosis

A

chronic degenerative disease of the liver

37
Q

-emesis

38
Q

-pepsia

39
Q

-phagia

A

eating, swallowing

40
Q

-ptysis

41
Q

celi/o

A

belly, abdomen

42
Q

proct/o

A

anus and rectum

43
Q

liver function tests (LFTs)

A

Tests for the presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood

44
Q

lower gastrointestinal series

A

x-ray images of the colon and rectum obtained after injection of barium into the rectum

45
Q

upper gastrointestinal series

A

x-ray images of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestines obtained after adminstering barium my mouth

46
Q

laparoscopy

A

visual (endoscopic) examination of the abdomen with a laparoscope inserted through small incisions in the abdomen

47
Q 
nasogastric intubation
(NG tube)
A

insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach

48
Q

paracentesis (abdominocentesis)

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid from the abdomen

49
Q

BE

A

barium enema

50
Q

BM

A

bowel movement

51
Q

EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

52
Q

ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopacreatography

53
Q

G tube

A

gastrostomy tube; also called stomach tube and PEG tube–used to introduce nutrients into the stomach after insertion through the abdominal wall with laparoscopic instruments

54
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

55
Q

GI

A

gastrointestinal

56
Q

IBD

A

inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis)

57
Q

LFTs

A

Liver Function tests–alk phos, bilirubin, AST, ALT

58
Q

NG tube

A

nasogastric tube

59
Q

NPO

A

nothing by mouth (Latin nil per os)

60
Q

PUD

A

peptic ulcer disease

61
Q

TPN

A

total parenteral nutrition

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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