Chapter 16: Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

crust

A

collection of dried serum and cellular debris

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2
Q

cyst

A

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material

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3
Q

erosion

A

wearing away or loss of epidermis

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4
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore

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5
Q

macule

A

flat lesion measuring less than 1cm in diameter

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6
Q

nodule

A

solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1cm or more in diameter

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7
Q

papule

A

small (less than 1cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin

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8
Q

polyp

A

growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane

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9
Q

pustule

A

papule containing pus

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10
Q

ulcer

A

open sore on the skin or mucous membrane (deeper than an erosion)

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11
Q

vesicle

A

small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum); blister

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12
Q

wheal

A

smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin

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13
Q

alopecia

A

absence of hair from areas where it normally grows

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14
Q

ecchymosis, ecchymoses

A

bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin

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15
Q

petechia, petechiae

A

small, pinpoint hemorrhage

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16
Q

pruritus

A

itching

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17
Q

acne

A

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum

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18
Q

burns

A

injury to tissues caused by heat contact

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19
Q

cellulitis

A

diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

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20
Q

eczema (atopic dermatitis)

A

inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular, or papalosqamous lesions

21
Q

exanthematous viral diseases

A

rash (exanthem) of the skin due to a viral infection

22
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

23
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions

24
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaqes covered by silvery gray scales

25
scabies
contagious, parasite
26
scleroderma
chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organ with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue
27
sytemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs
28
tinea
infection of the skin caused by fungus
29
urticaria (hives)
acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin
30
vitiligo
loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of the skin (milk-white patches)
31
callus
increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by presure or friction
32
keloid
excess hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical insicion
33
keratosis
thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis; associated with aging or skin damage
34
leukoplakia
white, thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek (evolves to squamous cell carcinoma)
35
nevus, nevi
pigmented lesion or the skin
36
verruca, verrucae
epidermal growth (wart) caused by virus
37
basal cell carcinoma
malignant tumour of the basal cell layer of the epidermis
38
squamous cell carcinoma
malignant tumour of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis
39
malignant melanoma
cancerous growth composed of melanocytes
40
kaposi sarcoma
malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules
41
bacterial analyses
samples of skin are examined for presence of microorganisms
42
fungal tests
scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic examination
43
cryosurgery
use of subfreezing temperature achieved with liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue
44
curettage
use of a sharp dermal curette to scrape away a skin lesion
45
electrodesiccation
tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark
46
Mohs surgery
thin layers of malignant tissue are removed, and each slice is examined under a microscope to check for adequate extent of the resection
47
skin biopsy
suspected malignant skin lesions are removed and examined microscopically by a pathologist
48
skin test
substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin and results are observed