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Medical Terminology > Chapter 16: Pathology > Flashcards

Chapter 16: Pathology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

crust

A

collection of dried serum and cellular debris

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2
Q

cyst

A

thick-walled, closed sac or pouch containing fluid or semisolid material

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3
Q

erosion

A

wearing away or loss of epidermis

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4
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore

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5
Q

macule

A

flat lesion measuring less than 1cm in diameter

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6
Q

nodule

A

solid, round or oval elevated lesion 1cm or more in diameter

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7
Q

papule

A

small (less than 1cm in diameter), solid elevation of the skin

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8
Q

polyp

A

growth extending from the surface of mucous membrane

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9
Q

pustule

A

papule containing pus

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10
Q

ulcer

A

open sore on the skin or mucous membrane (deeper than an erosion)

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11
Q

vesicle

A

small collection (papule) of clear fluid (serum); blister

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12
Q

wheal

A

smooth, edematous (swollen) papule or plaque that is redder or paler than the surrounding skin

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13
Q

alopecia

A

absence of hair from areas where it normally grows

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14
Q

ecchymosis, ecchymoses

A

bluish-purplish mark (bruise) on the skin

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15
Q

petechia, petechiae

A

small, pinpoint hemorrhage

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16
Q

pruritus

A

itching

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17
Q

acne

A

chronic papular and pustular eruption of the skin with increased production of sebum

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18
Q

burns

A

injury to tissues caused by heat contact

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19
Q

cellulitis

A

diffuse, acute infection of the skin marked by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling

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20
Q

eczema (atopic dermatitis)

A

inflammatory skin disease with erythematous, papulovesicular, or papalosqamous lesions

21
Q

exanthematous viral diseases

A

rash (exanthem) of the skin due to a viral infection

22
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue associated with loss of blood supply

23
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial inflammatory skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions

24
Q

psoriasis

A

chronic, recurrent dermatosis marked by itchy, scaly, red plaqes covered by silvery gray scales

25
Q

scabies

A

contagious, parasite

26
Q

scleroderma

A

chronic progressive disease of the skin and internal organ with hardening and shrinking of connective tissue

27
Q

sytemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

A

chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs

28
Q

tinea

A

infection of the skin caused by fungus

29
Q

urticaria (hives)

A

acute allergic reaction in which red, round wheals develop on the skin

30
Q

vitiligo

A

loss of pigment (depigmentation) in areas of the skin (milk-white patches)

31
Q

callus

A

increased growth of cells in the keratin layer of the epidermis caused by presure or friction

32
Q

keloid

A

excess hypertrophied, thickened scar developing after trauma or surgical insicion

33
Q

keratosis

A

thickened and rough lesion of the epidermis; associated with aging or skin damage

34
Q

leukoplakia

A

white, thickened patches on mucous membrane tissue of the tongue or cheek (evolves to squamous cell carcinoma)

35
Q

nevus, nevi

A

pigmented lesion or the skin

36
Q

verruca, verrucae

A

epidermal growth (wart) caused by virus

37
Q

basal cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumour of the basal cell layer of the epidermis

38
Q

squamous cell carcinoma

A

malignant tumour of the squamous epithelial cells in the epidermis

39
Q

malignant melanoma

A

cancerous growth composed of melanocytes

40
Q

kaposi sarcoma

A

malignant, vascular, neoplastic growth characterized by cutaneous nodules

41
Q

bacterial analyses

A

samples of skin are examined for presence of microorganisms

42
Q

fungal tests

A

scrapings from skin lesions, hair specimens, or nail clippings are sent to a laboratory for culture and microscopic examination

43
Q

cryosurgery

A

use of subfreezing temperature achieved with liquid nitrogen application to destroy tissue

44
Q

curettage

A

use of a sharp dermal curette to scrape away a skin lesion

45
Q

electrodesiccation

A

tissue is destroyed by burning with an electric spark

46
Q

Mohs surgery

A

thin layers of malignant tissue are removed, and each slice is examined under a microscope to check for adequate extent of the resection

47
Q

skin biopsy

A

suspected malignant skin lesions are removed and examined microscopically by a pathologist

48
Q

skin test

A

substances are injected intradermally or applied to the skin and results are observed

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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