83 Flashcards
1
Q
Cultural appropriation
A
Cultural appropriation is the adoption of an element or elements of one culture or identity by members of another culture or identity in a manner perceived as inappropriate or unacknowledged
2
Q
Shoulder to cry on
A
someone who is willing to listen to your problems and give you sympathy, emotional support, and encouragement:
I wish you’d been here when my mother died and I needed a shoulder to cry on.
3
Q
You can catch more flies with honey than vinegar
A
“you can catch more flies with honey than with vinegar” means it’s easier to persuade or influence someone by being kind and gentle rather than being aggressive or demanding
4
Q
how could I ever say no
A
how could I ever say no” typically expresses a feeling of being unable to decline a request or offer, often due to a desire to please others or a fear of causing offense.
5
Q
Sweatshop
A
a factory or workshop, especially in the clothing industry, where manual workers are employed at very low wages for long hours and under poor conditions.
6
Q
Pull yourself together
A
recover control of one’s emotions.
“you’ve got to pull yourself together and find a job
7
Q
Work ass off
A
Work your ass off” is a common, somewhat vulgar idiom meaning to work very hard or excessively
8
Q
orienteering
A
an activity in which you have to find your way to somewhere on foot as quickly as possible by using a map and a compass
9
Q
indispensable
A
absolutely necessary.
“he made himself indispensable to the parish priest”
10
Q
Dispensable
A
able to be replaced or done without; superfluous.
“tiny battlefield robots will be cheap and dispensable”
11
Q
Dispense
A
distribute or provide (a service or information) to a number of people.
12
Q
Pose
A
to cause something, especially a problem or difficulty:
Nuclear weapons pose a threat to everyone.
13
Q
on the heels of
A
following closely after.
“the lawsuit comes on the heels of a police investigation in Massachusetts”
14
Q
He who pays the piper call the tune
A
費用[責任]を負担する. He who pays the piper calls the tune. 《諺》 費用[責任]を受け持つ者に決定権がある 《★【由来】 「笛吹きに金を出す者が曲を注文す
15
Q
Reign myself in
A
Reign myself in” means to control or restrain oneself, typically one’s impulses, emotions, or actions. It’s a figurative expression, similar to “rein in
16
Q
Throw in (information)
A
Throw in” means to include something extra, often as a bonus, without increasing the price, or to add something to a discussion or plan
17
Q
Cut down
A
to do or use less of something:
cut down on I’m trying to cut down on caffeine.
18
Q
Super stoked
A
Super stoked” means extremely excited, thrilled, or pleased about something. It’s a slang term used to express a high level of enthusiasm.
19
Q
Offset
A
balance the effects of something, with the result that there is no advantage or disadvantage
20
Q
Appoligetically
A
in a way that shows you feel sorry for having caused problems or unhappiness:
She smiled apologetically.
The waiter apologetically asked if we could move to a different table. 申し訳なさそうに
21
Q
Lay
A
1.
the general appearance of an area, including the direction of streams, hills, and similar features.
“the lay of the surrounding countryside
22
Q
Sentinel (stem)
A
a person employed to guard something:
A policeman stood sentinel at the entrance.
23
Q
Pickle
A
difficult situation:
I hope that you can help, because this is quite a pickle.
24
Q
Welt
A
みみず腫れ
a raised, red area of skin caused by being hit or by cuts healing
25
abrasion injury
abrasion, also known as a scrape or graze, is a superficial skin injury caused by friction or rubbing against a rough surface, typically limited to the epidermis
26
Lopper
a cutting tool, especially for pruning trees.
"a good pair of loppers"
27
Baked colour
焼き色
28
Discing
Discing" in the context of agriculture refers to a method of soil preparation using a disc harrow to cultivate and loosen the soil, often after plowing, to break up clods, incorporate crop residue, and create a better seedbed.
ディスキング
29
Harrow
to use a large piece of equipment that is pulled behind a tractor (= a farm vehicle) to break the earth into small pieces ready for planting:
roughly ploughed and harrowed land
30
asymptomatic
(of a condition or person) producing or showing no symptoms.
"infection is usually asymptomatic"
31
asexual
アセクシャル（またはエイセクシャル・エイセクシュアル・無性愛・Aセクシャル）とは、他者に対して性的欲求を抱くことが少ない、またはまったく抱くことがないセクシャリティだ。 恋愛感情（好きという感情）を抱くことはあっても、その相手に性的な感情を持つことはないことが特徴である。
32
Asexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction in which a new offspring is produced by a single parent.
33
Hangnail
small piece of torn skin at the edge of a fingernail:
I had a hangnail that was really hurting me. 逆剥け
34
Legal morass
A "legal morass" refers to a complicated and unpleasant situation within the legal system, characterized by difficulty in resolving or escaping, often due to excessive bureaucracy or confusion
35
Slather
spread or smear (a substance) thickly or liberally.
"slather on some tanning lotion"
塗りたくる
36
Draining battery
Draining battery means a battery is losing its charge faster than it's being replenished, potentially due to excessive power consumption or a problem with the battery itself or the charging system
37
Begone
go away (as an expression of annoyance).
"begone from my sight!"
38
Recourse
a source of help in a difficult situation.
"surgery may be the only recourse"
39
Down the drain
be totally wasted.
"the government must stop public money from going down the drain"
40
Gain tractiin
To "gain traction" means for an idea, product, or movement to become increasingly popular, successful, or widely accepted. It's like a car gaining grip on a road, starting to move forward with greater ease
41
Big swing
"Big swing" can refer to a large, high-arc swing set, a significant change or fluctuation (like in the stock market), or a bold, risky attempt
42
Waiting game
a tactic in which one refrains from action for a time in order to act more effectively at a later date or stage.
"policemen were playing a waiting game outside a country cottage"
43
ill-suited
unsuitable or inappropriate.
"the soil is ill-suited to wheat farming"
44
Wimpy
weak and cowardly or feeble.
"I'm too wimpy to express my own opinions"
45
Wary
feeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems.
"dogs that have been mistreated often remain very wary of strangers"
46
Cognizant
having knowledge or being aware of.
"statesmen must be cognizant of the political boundaries within which they work"
47
Petiole
葉柄
the stalk that joins a leaf to a stem; leafstalk.
ZOOLOGY
a slender stalk between two structures, especially that between the abdomen and thorax of a wasp or ant.
48
Dip down
to sink or drop down:
The sun dipped below the horizon. to incline or slope downward: At that point the road dips into a valley.
49
Predatory insect
A predatory insect is an insect that hunts, captures, and eats other animals, primarily other insects, for food
50
vineyard scouting
vineyard scouting, also known as field scouting, viticulturists travel through the vineyard to observe and assess the health of the vines, identify potential problems like pests or diseases, and monitor crop development, ultimately enabling informed decisions for pest and disease control and vineyard management
51
Keep at bay
prevent (someone or something) from approaching or having an effect.
"drugs were keeping severe pain at bay"
52
Tending
to be likely to behave in a particular way or have a particular characteristic:
[ + to infinitive ] We tend to get cold winters and warm, dry summers in this part of the country.
同じ行動する
53
Standing water
Standing water" refers to any body of water that is not moving or flowing, such as puddles, ponds, lakes, or even marshes. It's essentially water that accumulates in depressions on the ground and doesn't drain away properly.
54
Old standby
Old standby" means a favorite or reliable choice or resource that is well-tested and frequently used, often something you can always depend on
Go-to
55
Go overboard
to do something too much, or to be too excited or eager about something:
I don't think there'll be more than six people eating, so I wouldn't go overboard with the food.
56
Come forward
to offer to give help or information:
No witnesses to the accident have come forward yet, despite the police appeal.
57
Geotextile
A geotextile is defined as any permeable textile material that is used with foundation, soil, rock, earth, etc. to increase stability and decrease wind and water erosion. A geotextile may be made of synthetic or natural fibres
58
exhaustive list
exhaustive list" means a list that includes every item or possibility within a given category, leaving nothing out. It's a complete and thorough representation of all relevant elements.
59
Grazing
land where farm animals can feed on grass:
The land between wind turbines can be used in many ways, including for agriculture and grazing.
The fire damaged large areas of their grazing land.
60
In tune with
having a good understanding of someone or something:
He is more in tune with his players today, because he has asked them for their opinions.
61
Vector
1.
BIOLOGY
transmit (a pathogen, disease, or parasite) from one organism to another.
"the disease is mainly vectored by mosquitoes"
2.
AERONAUTICS
direct (an aircraft in flight) to a desired point.
"two Hurricanes were vectored towards the Stukas
62
Part of the history
Part of history" refers to an event, development, or aspect that is considered a significant or noteworthy component of the past, whether it's a specific time period
63
Kick yourself in the butt
"Kick yourself in the butt" means to regret a mistake or failure and criticize oneself harshly for it. It's a way of saying someone is being overly critical of their own actions
64
Paradigm shift
a fundamental change in approach or underlying assumptions.
"geophysical evidence supporting Wegener's theory led to a rapid paradigm shift in the earth sciences"
65
Apprehend
1.
arrest (someone) for a crime.
"a warrant was issued but he has not been apprehended"
2.
understand or perceive.
"great art invites us to apprehend beauty"
66
Apprehensive
anxious or fearful that something bad or unpleasant will happen.
"he felt apprehensive about going home"
67
Latch onto
take up an idea or trend enthusiastically.
"the newspapers latched onto the idea of healthy eating"
68
Sticky fingers
to be likely to steal:
The last person we hired as a cashier turned out to have sticky fingers.
69
Transient
lasting for only a short time; temporary:
A glass of whisky has only a transient warming effect.
70
Tune out
to ignore someone or not give your attention to something or to what is happening around you:
Most of what he says is such garbage that I just tune him out.
NOT “TURN OUT”
71
Martyr
someone who tries to get sympathy from others when he or she has a problem or too much work, usually when that person caused the problem or chose to do the work himself or herself:
She offers to do extra work, then plays the martyr! マーター 大義｛たいぎ｝のための〕殉死者｛じゅんし しゃ
72
Rant
speak or shout at length in a wild, impassioned way.
"she was still ranting on about the unfairness of it all"
73
morel mushroom
Morel mushrooms, also known as sponge mushrooms, are a highly sought-after edible fungi with a distinctive honeycomb-like appearance アミガサタケ
74
Thunderclap
a crash of thunder.
"the door opened like a thunderclap"
75
Prophetic
accurately describing or predicting what will happen in the future.
"his warnings proved prophetic"
76
Run out of steam
Run out of steam" means to lose the energy, enthusiasm, or motivation to continue doing something, often because you are tired. It implies a decline in momentum or drive, as if something is slowing down or stopping due to a lack of power or energy
77
sympathetic nerve
sympathetic nerve" refers to a portion of the autonomic nervous system, specifically the sympathetic nervous system (SNS). This system is responsible for the body's "fight-or-flight" response, preparing it for action in stressful or dangerous situations. The SNS activates processes like increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing rate, while also slowing down digestion.
78
Parasympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) is a key part of the autonomic nervous system, responsible for promoting relaxation and conserving energy. It's often referred to as the "rest and digest" system, as it helps with bodily functions like digestion, urination, and defecation, and it also slows down heart rate and breathing
79
Tiresome
causing one to feel bored or annoyed.
"weeding is a tiresome but essential job"
80
Smoking gun
information that proves who committed a crime:
The tape recordings provided prosecutors with the smoking gun they needed to prove he'd been involved in the conspiracy.
81
C-suite
C-suite refers to a company's top-level executives, typically those with titles starting with the letter "C" like CEO, CFO, COO, and CIO
82
Dirty laundry
personal or private affairs that one does not want to be made public.
"I had always been private and not one to air my dirty laundry"
83
Gobble it up
Gobble it up" means to consume something quickly and eagerly, often implying eating food, but it can also refer to other actions like buying or using up resources. The phrase suggests a hurried, almost greedy consumption
84
Scandal
an action or event regarded as morally or legally wrong and causing general public outrage.
"a bribery scandal involving one of his key supporters"
85
Keep one grounded
Keeping someone grounded" means helping them remain humble, realistic, and focused on what's important, preventing them from being carried away by success, fame, or their own ego
興奮から〜を落ち着かせる
86
Rule the roost
be in complete control.
"in this particular society men rule the roost and women have a low status and few rights"
87
Distress
feeling of extreme worry, sadness, or pain:
emotional distress She claimed that the way she had been treated at work had caused her extreme emotional and psychological distress.
88
Sink your teeth
Sink your teeth into" means to become fully engaged or involved in something with great enthusiasm and energy. It's a metaphor that suggests a deep level of commitment and interest in a task or activity, similar to an animal vigorously biting into its prey.
「sink your teeth into ～」は、「～に熱心に取り組む」「～に夢中になる」「～に没頭する」といった意味の慣用表現です。直訳すると「歯を沈めて」ですが、実際の意味は「真剣に、熱心に、夢中で何かをする
It was a story you could really sink your teeth into.
89
Conflate
combine (two or more texts, ideas, etc.) into one.
"the urban crisis conflates a number of different economic and social issues"
90
No fluff No filler
"No fluff, no filler" means avoiding unnecessary, irrelevant, or distracting information in writing or communication. It emphasizes clarity, conciseness, and focusing on the core message. This approach helps readers understand and act on the information efficiently, without being bogged down by unnecessary details
91
Go on record
Go on record" means to publicly state something, often a position or opinion, and have it documented or made known to the public.
92
For once
For once is used to emphasize that something happens on this particular occasion, especially if it has never happened before, and may never happen again
93
Bring the money in the table
Prepare some money
94
Higher echelon
Higher echelon" refers to the top or superior levels within an organization, profession, or social hierarchy.
95
Come into play
cause (something) to begin operating or to have an effect; activate.
"he cannot afford to bring into play the kind of leadership veto that operated all those years ago
96
prison guard
jail guard" is a law enforcement officer responsible for the custody, supervision, and security of inmates within a correctional facility, also known as a prison or jail.
97
Make me sweat
Make me sweat" can have two main meanings: to make someone feel anxious or nervous about something, or to cause someone to work hard physically
98
Pull out
to stop being involved in an activity:
Lack of funding leaves us with no choice but to pull out.
pull out of sth As part of the restructuring plan we will be pulling out of all operations in mainland Europe.
