163 - Cholera and Other Vibrioses Flashcards
Cholera is a __ disease which can cause __ and __ within hours.
diarrhea
dehydration
death
Which serotypes of V. cholera cause the disease?
O1
O139
Cholera transmission is via contaminated __/__.
water
food
The following people will be more susceptible to cholera infections: 3
hypochlorhydria
using gastric anti acid
O blood type (AB are the most protected)
Symptoms __ or __ appear.
may
may not
Symptomatic patients will start showing symptoms after - h post inoculation.
24-48
Diarrhea will be __, un-__, and can progress to __.
watery
painful
vomiting
Water loss can get up to __ ml/kg in the first 24 hours
250
Death can occur if __ and __ are not provided.
water
electrolytes
__ is not usually present, but __ is more likely.
fever
muscle cramping
What are the ‘rice water like’ cholera typical diarrhea characteristics? 4
nonbilious
grey
cloudy with mucus
fish like smell
Dehydration symptoms are present, can can lead to __
kidney parenchyma necrosis
What are the typical lab results of symptomatic people suffering from cholera? 5
elevated hematocrit (but not anemic) neutropenia elevated urea and Cr reduced HCO3 and high anion gap normal Na/K/Cl
Treatment will be based on rehydration (use __), eating __. If medium-severe add Abx (__).
ORS
rice
macrolides
V. vulnificus is another vibrio pathologic strain. Transmission is through __/__. The disease involves the __/__ .
sea water
clams
GI
soft tissue
V. parahaemolyticus is the leading strain causing sea food __.
enteritis
V. parahaemolyticus symptoms include: __, __, __, and __
watery diarrhea nausea abdominal pain vomiting fever
V. parahaemolyticus incubation lasts between -, and symptoms last for __ days
4 hours- 4 days
3
Non O1/0139 V. cholerae strains will not cause cholera. Symptoms are not __ restricted and may require Abx treatment- __/ __/ __
GI
tetracyclines
ciprofloxacin
3rd gen cephalosporins
V. vulnificus is rare, seen mostly in __ > __ from __ areas. It can cause __,and __ in patients without comorbidity.
men 40 beachy sepsis wounds infections
Other V. vulnificus in risk patients for V. vulnificus are: 4
hemochromatosis
hematopoietic
CKD
liver cirrhosis
V. vulnificus incubation is _ hours, and symptoms include:
16 fever+ chills fatigue hypotension limb cutaneous signs
What is the treatment for V. vulnificus?
empiric Abx- tetracyclines/fluoroquinolones/ cephalosporines
