100 - Acute Myeloid Lymphoma Flashcards
AML (____) is a neoplastic disease characterized by an _____ of the blood, BM and other tissues by ___, ___, ___ cells from the hematopoietic system
Acute myeloid leukemia Infiltration Proliferative Clonal Unsorted
AML is the most common leukemia in ___ with median age at diagnosis of ___ survival of __ years in 27%
Adults
67
5
Most cases of AML are ___. Myeloid leukemia with genetic predisposition are linked to several syndromes of BM failure such as: ____,____. and biological disorders such as dyskeratosis congenital
Idiopathic
Fanconi anemia
Schwachman diamond
AML is also found in higher rates in patient with ___
Trisomy 21
In order to diagnose AML there need to be > ___ blasts in the BM/blood, unless there following genetic alteration exist: (3)
20% t(15:17) t(8:21) inv(16) t:(16:16)
The mutation ____ is linked with very good prognosis with ___ cure rate
t(15:17)
85%
The mutations ____ and ____are linked with good prognosis with ___ cure rate
t(8:21)
inv(16)
55%
In AML without cytogenic abnormalities there is an ___ with ___ cure rate
Intermediate outcome risk
40%
The worse prognosis is for ___ and ___ genetic changes.
t(6:9)
inv(3)
Old age is a ___ prognosis in AML, and predicts a more ___ disease and difficulty to withstand therapy
Bad
Resistant
There is a lower response criteria when symptoms such as ___, ___, ___ are present ___ months before the diagnosis
Anemia
Leukopenia
Thrombocytopenia
3
Complete remission after blood and BM examination is achieved according to the following: (5)
Neutrophils >=1000 Platelets>=100,000 without blasts in circulation BM blasts <5% No auer rods No extramedullary leukemia
The common clinical symptoms in AML include: (5)
- Fatigue
- Lethargy
- Anorexia and weight loss
- Fever
- Abnormal hemostasis
Less common clinical symptoms in AML include: (5)
Bone pain Lymphadenopathy Non specific cough Headache Sweating
What is myeloid sarcoma (rare)?
A tumor mass consisting of myeloid blasts occuring at anatomic sites other than bone marrow (skin, LN, GI, sot tissue, testis)
Most AML patients will present with non severe ___. usually normocytic normochromic with a decrease in ___.
Anemia
Reticulocytes
It is recommended to treat most AML patients with anemia and thrombocytopenia with ____ even if the decrease is not severe
Blood products
The median of white count in AML patients is ___. Older patients will present with ____ counts
15K
Lower
In AML patients 25-40% of patients will present with leukocytes count of ____
5K
In AML patients 20% of patients will present with leukocytes count of ____
> 100,000K
____ are not always present, but when they do the diagnosis is certain
Auer rods
In AML patients 75% of patients will present with platelets count of ____
<100,000
In AML patients 25% of patients will present with platelets count of ____
<25,000
50% of AML patients present a slight elevation in ___ when diagnosed. In 10% of patients it will sink in the kidneys, rarely leading to ____
Uric acid
Renal Failure
