143 - Streptococcal Infections Flashcards
GAS is responsible for __ and __
pharyngitis
PSGN
GBA is responsible for bacterial __and __ in newborn, and __ and __ in parturient women.
meningitis
endometritis
fever
Strep __ is the leading strain causing endocarditis.
viridans
Streptococcus is a G(_) bacteria
+
GAS extracellular products are toxic, including __ and _ streptolysins. They can cause significant diseases such as: 3
S O scarlet fever necrotizing fasciitis TSSS
When looking for streptolysins, we can use __ and __ to identify them. Important in early detection of __ and __
ASLO
anti DNAse
PSGN
rheumatic fever
Pharyngitis transmission is via __ and incubation lasts - days. symptoms include: 4
air droplets 1-4 sore throat fever/chills lethargy abdominal pain/vomiting
Viral symptoms such as __,__,__ can push us away from strep pharyngitis diagnosis.
uveitis
cough
aphtha
Uncomplicated pharyngitis can resolve __ within - days, but treatment can prevent __ and __ complications.
pustular
rheumatic fever
To prevent rheumatic fever we must eradicate the pathogen with Abx for _ days. Possible Abx include: 3
10
2nd gen cephalosporine (cefuroxime/zinat)
erythromycin
azithromycin
Scarlet fever is caused by GAS __ exotoxins. The rash appears on the - day on the __ body and __ with __ sparing.
pyrogenic 1-2 upper limbs palm
The rash in scarlet fever has __ like texture. Other symptoms include: 3
sandpaper
circumoral pallor
strawberry tongue
Pastia’s lines
Scarlet fever rash disappear after - days, and followed by __ of the __
6-9
skin pealing
palms
When considering scarlet fever, keep in mind the following DDx: 3
measles
Kawasaki
TTS
Name the 3 skin and soft tissue infections GAS can cause:
impetigo (pyoderma)
cellulitis
deep soft tissue infections (necrotizing fasciitis)
Impetigo include __ and should be treated with __ or __.
honeycomb crust
dicloxacillin (cloxacillin)
cephalexin
Streptococcal TSS is a __ infection with __ and __
GAS
shock
MOF
How can you identify STSS?
1- isolation of GAS
2-clinical signs:
a. hypotension
PLUS
b. 1- renal impairment
b. 2- liver impairment
b. 3- respiratory distress
b. 4- coagulopathy
b. 5- generalized erythematous rash
b. 6- soft tissue necrosisstrep TSS causes death at _% rate due to _ and _
30
shock
respiratory distress
Treat TSS with intensive __and treatment
supportive
Abx (clindamycin +penicillin)
GBS infection in a new born should be treated with empirically with __ and __ until cultures return
ampicillin
gentamycin
To prevent GBS in newborn, carrier peripartum women should be treated with prophylaxis of __ or __ (__/__ if she is allergic) during the birth
ampicillin
penicillin
vancomycin/clindamycin
