128 - Acute Infectious Diarrheal Disease Flashcards
Chronic diarrhea > 2 weeks = __
chronic diarrhea
Diarrhea + fever= __
invasive disease
Diarrhea + abdominal pain= __
inflammatory diseases (shigella/campylobacter/necrotizing toxins)
Abdominal cramping + diarrhea can be caused by __ loss, like in the case of __.
electrolytes
cholera
Which pathogen cause appendicitis like pain?
Yersinia enterocolitica
Which pathogen cause tenesmus?
shigellosis/ amebiasis
Using Abx in cases of diarrhea may increase the risk of being a carrier of __
salmonellosis
Light dehydration= 4
thirst
dry mouth
reduced axillary perspiration
oliguria
Medium dehydration= 3
orthostatic BP
skin tenting
sunken eyes
severe dehydration= 4
lethargy
obtundation
weak pulse
hypotension -> shock
Travel diarrhea will cause __, __, and __. It usually begins - days after arriving at the destination. It is a - disease, resolving within - days.
abdominal cramping anorexia watery diarrhea (secretory) 3-14 self-limited 1-5
What is the common pathogens causing traveler’s diarrhea?
Campylobacter jejuni
shigella
cryptosporidium
Which bacteria will cause food poisoning 1-6 h after introduction? 2
staph aureus
bacillus cereus
Which bacteria will cause food poisoning 8-16 h after introduction? 2
clostridium perfringens
bacillus cereus
Which bacteria will cause food poisoning >16 h after introduction? 5
vibrio cholera E. coli salmonella campylobacter jejuni shigella
S. aureus and B. cereus release __ and are common in food kept in room temp for a long period. symptoms include __,__,__.
enterotoxins
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
Clostridium perfringens can be found in __ that was not cooked toughly. Clinical signs include:__ and __. __ and __ are uncommon, and the disease is self limited (<24 h)
meat abdominal pain diarrhea fever vomiting
Important rule of treating diarrhea is sufficient __ with __ (__)
rehydration
ORS
oral rehydration solution
What does ORS contain? 4
KCL, HCO3, glucose, NaCl
Using Abx for travelers diarrhea can reduce the disease from - days to - hours, but may result in the development of __ bacteria,
3-5
24
36
MDR
Dysentery=__
bloody diarrhea + fever
Patients with dysentery should receive an empiric treatment of __ or __
fluoroquinolone
macrolide
Shigella may lead to __ and should be treated for - days
dysentery
3-7
Which Abx is most suitable for treating campylobacter?
macrolide
Treating EHEC is __, and may lead to __ and renal failure (X20)
wrong!
HUS
EHEC=__
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
Which drug is used to prevent travelers diarrhea, but may lead to S/E such as blackening of the teeth/tongue/tinnitus
bismuth subsalicylate (קלבטן)
Which virus can be vaccinated against, in order to prevent diarrhea?
Rota virus
